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All Journal EXPERIENTIA : Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia Widya Warta Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology
Sudagijono, Jaka Santosa
Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Education Public Health Social Sciences

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Dissociative Symptoms Among Individuals Affected by Mass Psychogenic Illness: A Study on the Indonesian Island of Nias Michael Seno Rahardanto; Jaka Santosa Sudagijono; Johannes Dicky Susilo; Simon Simon; Nurul Hartini; Rahkman Ardi
Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology Vol 13 No 1 March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jehcp.v13i1.28380

Abstract

Mass psychogenic illness is a phenomenon that occurs every year in Indonesia, mainly in schools and factories. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, this phenomenon is classified as dissociative disorders. However, the Indonesian diagnostic manual of mental disorders (the PPDGJ) classified the phenomenon as a conversion disorder. The confounding diagnosis will likely result in less effective and less humane interventions. This study aims to determine the symptoms experienced by individuals experiencing mass psychogenic illness, therefore contributing to the current literature regarding the proper diagnostic of the spirit possession. Samples (N=55) were assessed using the Dissociative Disorder Interview Schedule based on DSM-5. The Beck Depression Inventory and Wong-Baker Face Rating Scale are also used to supplement the data. Findings indicate that the subjects fit the diagnostic criterion of several disorders, namely somatization (experienced by 98.18% of individuals), major depression (49%), trance (69%), childhood physical abuse (35%), and borderline personality disorder (47.2%). However, only 14.54% of subjects fulfilled the diagnostic criterion of dissociative amnesia, 7.27% for diagnostic fugue, 3.63% for depersonalization/derealization, 5% for dissociative identity disorder, 11% for other specified and unspecified dissociative disorder. These findings showed that mass psychogenic illness is likely the manifestation of distinct and separate mental disorders, notably that of somatization disorder, trance, borderline personality disorder, and major depressive disorder, and exclusively those of dissociative disorders.
Co-Authors . Wiranti Betta Febryani Sitanggang Eileen Kristlyna Happy Cahaya Mulya Helfi Yuliyanti, Marietha Indira Mustika Tandiono Lia Minarni Maria Imaculata Minamodesta Adolfince Lio Dando Michael Seno Rahardanto Michelle Aveline Kurniawan Nurul Hartini Rahkman Ardi Robik Anwar Dani Shinta Maria Magdalena Simon Simon Susilo, Dicky