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All Journal Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik Khazanah Sosial Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara LEBAH
Harsono, Cecilia F.
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An Politicization of the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI) Regarding ABRI’s Dual Function and Civilian Supremacy: Civilian Supremacy Harefa, Faonaso; Aritonang, Sovian; Supriyadi, Asep Adang; Harsono, Cecilia F.
Khazanah Sosial Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Khazanah Sosial
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ks.v7i1.44927

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the revision of Law Number 34 of 2004 and the issue of the return of ABRI's dual function and civil supremacy in the context of Indonesian democracy and reform. The mixed methods approach with SEM PLS-4 and NVivo 12 analysis is used to achieve that goal. The results of the analysis using NVivo 12 showed that ABRI's dwifunction would not return and civil supremacy was maintained because, legally, the TNI remained focused on its role as a tool of national defense. The civil government, through the Parliament and public supervision, has full authority to oversee the TNI so that the TNI still maintains its tested neutrality. The results of the SEM PLS-4 analysis show that the TNI Law's political variable on the issue of ABRI's dual function and civilian supremacy has a statistically significant effect, with a T-statistic value of 5.073 and P-value of 0.000 and a large effect on the model (F-square 0.489). The contribution of this research is to provide an understanding of the importance of a balance between freedom of opinion, politics, and the interests of national defense as a system that supports each other in the post-reform era, as well as in facing the challenges of reform and hybrid warfare towards Indonesia Gold Indonesia 2045. The limitations of this study lie in a limited time, which affects the depth of analysis and data scope so as to limit the perfection of the results of the research as a whole.
Socialization of uti possidetis juris principles and socio-economic approaches to eliminate separatism in Indonesia Harefa, Faonaso; Harsono, Cecilia F.
Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik (JISoP) Vol 7 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jisop.v7i1.23399

Abstract

This study discusses the strategy to overcome the ideology of separatism in Indonesia through the integration of the principle of the Pacidetic Uti juris and the socio-economic approach. The threat of separatism, especially in Papua, remains a serious challenge for national integration. Development inequality, limited economic access, and marginalization narratives become a strong trigger for the growth of disintegration sentiment in the region. The principle of Uti is the posidetic of Juris, which confirms the validity of the boundaries since the decolonization period and provides an international legal basis to strengthen the claims of Indonesia's sovereignty over Papua. On the other hand, sustainable socio-economic policies are believed to be able to reduce the roots of separatism. This study uses mixed methods: qualitative data using NVivo 12 software and quantitative data using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The results showed that the synergy between inclusive development strategies and the socialization of the principles of Uti Pacidetic Juris as international law could strengthen the sense of nationality and reduce the interest in separatist ideology, especially in Papua. The novelty of this study lies in the integrative approach between juridical and social aspects that have been rarely integrated. The limitations of this study lie in the extent of the scope of the area being analyzed. Further research is advised to explore the implementation of this strategy at the local community level in Papua to test its effectiveness in the long run as part of the national security strategy.
An Reengineering the Management Model of Defense to Overcome Separatism in Papua for National Interests: Management Model Of defense Harefa, Faonaso; Aritonang, Sovian; Supriyadi, Asep Adang; Harsono, Cecilia F.
Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): Publica
Publisher : Department of Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jpan.v17i1.44609

Abstract

This research was made to determine the effect of defense management on national interests using the mixed methods approach. Qualitative data are analyzed using NVivo 12, while quantitative data uses SEM-PLS 4 software to obtain robust and reliable findings. The results showed that defense management reengineering had a significant effect on the realization of national interests in overcoming separatists in Papua. Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability values ​​that show high internal consistency. Average Variance Extracted (AVE) of more than 0.50, confirming the convergence of good indicators. The evaluation of the structural model shows a significant relationship between the engineering management of defense and national interests (the path coefficient = 0.661, p-value = 0.000), with an R-square value of 0.437, which shows moderate influence. NVivo 12 analysis reveals a major factor in strengthening national interests, including logistical readiness, interoperability between units, and local communities in handling separatism. However, there are limitations such as budget constraints, multidimensional threat complexity, and lack of cross-sector coordination that hamper optimal implementation. Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) shows that although engineering management of defense has a significant effect on national interests, its performance still needs to be improved. This study contributes originality by integrating SEM-PLS and NVivo to provide a holistic perspective and emphasize the need for more adaptive defense reengineering management to increase the effectiveness of defense strategies in dealing with separatist threats.
Transformation of the research and development agency become a defense policy and technology development agency Purwanto, Ignatius Eko Djoko; Harsono, Cecilia F.; Harefa, Faonaso; Siagian, Sapta Baralaska Utama
Lebah Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): May: Pengabdian
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/lebah.v18i3.330

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penentu efektivitas riset pengembangan kebijakan dan teknologi pertahanan di Badan Pengembangan Kebijakan dan Teknologi Pertahanan (Batekhan) Kementerian Pertahanan, serta merumuskan kontribusi masing-masing faktor terhadap optimalisasi kinerja satuan ke depan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis Fishbone dan perangkat lunak NVivo 12 untuk analisis tematik. Hasil analisis Fishbone menemukan 6 faktor utama yang memengaruhi efektivitas Batekhan, yaitu; manusia, metode, material, mesin, pengukuran, dan lingkungan dan pentingnya hilirisasi hasil riset, kompetensi personel, dan tata kelola riset yang unggul. Sementara itu, hasil NVivo 12 menemukan dominasi tema “manpower, goal, dan environment” yang menjadi kunci keberhasilan transformasi kelembagaan Batekhan unggul. Temuan sejalan dengan teori manajemen strategis, inovasi teknologi, dan pendekatan sistemik dalam perumusan kebijakan riset pertahanan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis dan teoritis dalam mendukung transformasi kelembagaan riset yang adaptif, inovatif, dan responsif terhadap tantangan teknologi pertahanan masa depan. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah diperlukan optimalisasi dan peningkatan kompetensi sumber daya guna mewujudkan  Badan Pengembangan Kebijakan dan Teknologi Pertahanan yang unggul dan kompetitif dalam memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam sektor pertahanan nasional guna menghadapi tantangan lingkungan strategis domoestik, regional dan global yang dinamis dan multidimensi.
Burkina Faso's military strategy faces extremism: Implications for Indonesia Harefa, Faonaso; Harsono, Cecilia F.
Lebah Vol. 18 No. 4 (2025): July: Pengabdian
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/lebah.v18i4.362

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilandasi kebutuhan memahami strategi militer Burkina Faso dalam menghadapi ekstremisme pascakudeta militer tahun 2022, dan  relevansinya sebagai bahan pembelajaran bagi Indonesia. Meskipun memiliki perbedaan konteks geografis dan politik, Indonesia tetap menghadapi potensi munculnya kembali kelompok ekstremisme, terutama di wilayah yang pernah menjadi pusat aktivitas radikal. Hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa aspek militer, stabilitas politik, dan penguasaan wilayah merupakan titik krusial yang menunjukkan kelemahan signifikan dalam sistem keamanan Burkina Faso dan keterlibatan aktor eksternal  Rusia yang memanfaatkan kekosongan pengaruh Barat di kawasan Sahel. Pendekatan respons yang bersifat sektoral dan terlalu menekankan pada kekuatan militer terbukti tidak memadai dalam merespons dinamika ancaman ekstremisme yang kompleks dan transnasional. Penggunaan kerangka DIME–PMESII dalam penelitian ini memberikan gambaran yang komprehensif terkait kondisi internal dan kapasitas respons negara, dengan mengidentifikasi ketimpangan antara urgensi ancaman dan kesiapan sektor strategis. Sementara itu, metode forecasting berbasis pembobotan memperkuat kapasitas prediktif dalam perumusan kebijakan, sehingga kebijakan yang dihasilkan lebih berbasis bukti dan responsif terhadap dinamika jangka menengah hingga panjang.Bagi Indonesia, temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan sistem keamanan nasional secara multidimensional. Fokus perlu diarahkan pada pengembangan sistem deteksi dini, pengelolaan wilayah perbatasan, dan peningkatan koordinasi antar lembaga terkait dalam rangka mencegah berkembangnya ekstremisme. Pendekatan ini relevan dengan penerapan Complex Adaptive Systems Theory, National Resilience Theory, dan Human Security Theory, yang menempatkan kesejahteraan dan perlindungan warga negara sebagai bagian integral dari sistem pertahanan. Kasus Burkina Faso, Indonesia dapat merumuskan strategi yang lebih komprehensif dan adaptif dalam menghadapi ancaman ideologis transnasional.
Essequibo regional dispute dynamics and their impact on regional stability Harefa, Faonaso; Harsono, Cecilia F.; Djoko Purwanto, Ignatius Eko
Lebah Vol. 18 No. 4 (2025): July: Pengabdian
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/lebah.v18i4.363

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika transformasi sengketa wilayah Essequibo antara Venezuela dan Guyana dari isu perbatasan historis menjadi persoalan geopolitik strategis yang memiliki implikasi signifikan terhadap stabilitas kawasan Amerika Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi pustaka, serta dianalisis melalui kerangka DIME–PMESII dan pendekatan teoretis Realisme dan Liberalisme Institusional. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa konflik ini telah bereskalasi menjadi permasalahan multidimensi yang melibatkan aktor regional maupun global. Dimensi diplomatik menjadi sangat menonjol, tercermin dari keterlibatan Mahkamah Internasional serta dukungan terbuka lembaga kawasan seperti Caribbean Community (CARICOM) dan Organization of American States (OAS) terhadap posisi Guyana. Sementara itu, dimensi ekonomi memperkuat kompleksitas konflik, seiring dengan eksplorasi sumber daya migas strategis di wilayah pesisir Essequibo yang menjadi objek kepentingan nasional bagi kedua negara. Keterlibatan aktor eksternal, termasuk Amerika Serikat, China, dan korporasi multinasional, menambah dinamika konflik serta memperluas spektrum kontestasi geopolitik. Meskipun belum terdapat indikasi konfrontasi bersenjata terbuka, temuan ini menekankan urgensi penyelesaian melalui mekanisme hukum internasional serta perlunya penguatan tata kelola regional untuk mencegah fragmentasi politik dan menjamin stabilitas kawasan.Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi akademik dengan mengkaji dinamika sengketa regional Essequibo dan dampaknya terhadap stabilitas kawasan, serta menawarkan implikasi teoretis terkait eskalasi konflik, geopolitik perbatasan, dan peran mekanisme hukum internasional dalam menjaga perdamaian.
Co-Authors Aritonang, Sovian Djoko Purwanto, Ignatius Eko Harefa, Faonaso Purwanto, Ignatius Eko Djoko Siagian, Sapta Baralaska Utama Supriyadi, Asep Adang