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All Journal Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Budi Indra Setiawan
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Fluktuasi Iklim Mikro Dalam Rumah Pembibitan Tanaman Berventilasi Alami Raihan Anwar Thaha; Budi Indra Setiawan; Satyanto Krido Saptomo
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.014.1.32-48

Abstract

Produksi kayu dari hutan tanaman industri di Indonesia meningkat dari 18,8 menjadi 49,6 juta m³ pada periode 2015–2022. Peningkatan ini menuntut ketersediaan bibit dalam jumlah dan kualitas yang memadai. Umumnya, pembibitan dilakukan menggunakan biji atau stek di dalam greenhouse, kemudian dipindahkan ke luar ruangan saat mendekati waktu tanam. Keberhasilan pembibitan di dalam greenhouse sering terkendala oleh suhu yang melebihi batas toleransi tanaman, sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi fluktuasi suhu di dalam greenhouse pembibitan Eucalyptus sebagai sumber bahan baku industri pulp dan kertas, serta mengembangkan model pindah panas yang sesuai dengan kondisi greenhouse tersebut. Kondisi iklim di dalam dan di luar greenhouse diukur menggunakan automatic weather station dengan interval 30 menit selama lima bulan. Model pindah panas yang dikembangkan menjelaskan pengaruh perubahan iklim luar terhadap suhu di dalam greenhouse. Berdasarkan kondisi greenhouse, perbedaan suhu antara lantai dan atap diabaikan sehingga model menjadi lebih sederhana. Model menghasilkan koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,9051 dan root mean square error (RMSE) 1,31°C. Fluktuasi suhu di dalam greenhouse relatif lebih stabil, dengan rata-rata suhu 0,1°C lebih rendah dan kelembapan relatif 2,9% lebih tinggi dibandingkan di luar. Keterbatasan model ini adalah ketidakmampuannya memprediksi suhu ekstrem di luar secara akurat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut, termasuk mempertimbangkan kemungkinan perubahan nilai parameter pindah panas pada kondisi suhu yang lebih ekstrem.
Kaji Terap Fertigator Otomatis Nirdaya (FONi) pada Budidaya Aneka Terong (Solanum melongena) Riska Fitry Hedianty; Budi Indra Setiawan; Chusnul Arif
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.013.3.499-512

Abstract

Water scarcity, intensified by climate change and pollution, necessitates innovative irrigation approaches to sustain agricultural productivity. The Automatic Unpowered Fertigator (FONi) represents a solution that integrates automation without electricity, using evapotranspiration-driven subsurface irrigation to deliver water and nutrients directly based on plant demand. Unlike conventional systems, FONi operates entirely without external energy input, offering a low-cost and sustainable alternative for smallholder farmers. Previous applications in various crops have demonstrated significant water savings and increased productivity, indicating its strong potential as a scalable technology for resource-limited agriculture.This study evaluated the performance of FONi in cultivating four eggplant varieties under greenhouse conditions in Bekasi City, an area facing increasing competition for water resources. Over a 118-day growing period, plant growth, water use, crop coefficients (Kc), and productivity were monitored. Results showed Kc values ranging from 0.1 to 1.8, reflecting dynamic water demand throughout plant development. The long purple variety attained the greatest height (99.8 cm), while pondoh and white varieties achieved higher water productivity (up to 4.0 g/L) and land productivity approaching 1,120 g/m². Total irrigation water use was 1,329.3 liters, with an overall application efficiency of 98.9%. These findings demonstrate that integrating FONi with appropriate crop selection provides an efficient and sustainable strategy to optimize water use and enhance yield, supporting precision agriculture and climate-resilient food systems in drought-prone regions.
FONi's Performances in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Various Vegetables Eka Erfiana; Budi Indra Setiawan; Satyanto Krido Saptomo
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.013.3.432-448

Abstract

Land conversion, a phenomenon being encountered today, has led to a decline in the availability of agricultural land. On the other hand, population growth requires more food, which means more farmland is needed. Hydroponics is a method to grow crops intensively in any form of space without using soil, but only nutritious water as the growing medium. Hydroponics can produce high-quality crops and is easy to implement, making it popular in urban areas. However, it requires a continuous flow of water using electric pumps, which ultimately increases investment and operating costs. In this study, FONi (An Unpowered Automatic Fertigator) was tested to maintain water levels and flow rates as required by the plants. FONi is designed to replace the water lost by plant evapotranspiration, utilizing an automatic water valve. Here, FONi demonstrated good performance in growing three types of vegetables, namely water spinach (kangkung), choy sum (caisim), and spinach (bayam). The water productivity of each was 47.51 kg/m³, 43.80 kg/m³, and 21.25 kg/m³, respectively, and the land productivity was 1.35 kg/m², 0.97 kg/m², and 0.57 kg/m², respectively. The overall water efficiency was above 80%. By applying FONi, hydroponic cultivation activities at the research site, which had been suspended, can resume without incurring electricity costs.
Co-Authors Chusnul Arif Eka Erfiana Raihan Anwar Thaha Riska Fitry Hedianty Satyanto Krido Saptomo