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The Impact of Age on Seizure Severity Characteristics in Children With Drug Resistant Epilepsy Tria Diana Lestari; Ika Citra Dewi Tanjung; Syamsidah Lubis; Juliandi Harahap; Johannes Harlan Saing; Wisman Dalimunthe
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i3.5890

Abstract

Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is found in up to one-third of individuals with epilepsy who have received appropriate therapy and this condition causes significant child morbidity and mortality. Epilepsy that appears at an early age is at higher risk of developing DRE. Objective to assess the effect of age on the characteristics of seizure severity in children with DRE. This study used a cross-sectional design involving 36 DRE patients aged 2-18 years at the Child Neurology Polyclinic, Adam Malik Hospital Medan, from September to October 2024. Seizure severity characteristics were assessed using the Global Assessment of the Severity of Epilepsy (GASE) questionnaire instrument. The categorical data are presented in the form of proportions and the effect of age on seizure severity characteristics was analyzed using the chi-square test. There were 36 children with DRE in this study, predominantly aged ≥ 10 years. Bivariate analysis showed a significant effect of age in children with drug resistant epilepsy only on the disruption of activity experienced by children with a p value = 0.036 (p <0.05). Most patients aged ≥ 10 years did not experience activity disorders or experienced mild activity disorders (73.9%), while in patients aged <10 years, most patients experienced severe activity disorders (61.5%). The age of children with drug resistant epilepsy have a significant effect on daily activity disorders.
Association Between Nephrotic Syndrome Status (Active Disease and Remission) and Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Children Annike Indah Kencana; Oke Rina Ramayani; Johannes Harlan Saing; Rina Amelia; Rosmayanti Syafriani Siregar; Karina Sugih Arto
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2658

Abstract

Pediatric nephrotic syndrome causes massive proteinuria, resulting in urinary loss of albumin, vitamin D-binding protein, and calcium-binding proteins. These losses may lead to vitamin D deficiency and impaired calcium homeostasis. Evidence regarding the association of active disease and remission with vitamin D and calcium levels among Indonesian children remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between nephrotic syndrome status (active disease and remission) and vitamin D and calcium levels in children at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design and included children aged 1-18 years with active nephrotic syndrome or nephrotic syndrome in remission. Data were obtained from medical records and laboratory measurements of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and calcium. Univariate analysis was used to describe participant characteristics. Associations between variables were assessed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. A total of 66 patients were analyzed, including 33 with active nephrotic syndrome and 33 in remission. In the active-disease group, 90.9% had vitamin D deficiency and 78.8% had hypocalcemia. Fisher's exact test showed a significant association between nephrotic syndrome status and vitamin D status (p = 0.033). In contrast, nephrotic syndrome status was not significantly associated with calcium status (p = 0.108), although hypocalcemia was more frequent in the active-disease group than in the remission group. Active nephrotic syndrome was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency but not with serum calcium status. Periodic monitoring of vitamin D levels should be considered as part of the evaluation of children with nephrotic syndrome, particularly during active disease, to prevent complications related to bone and mineral metabolism.