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From Custodians to Bystanders: Tigo Tungku Sajarangan's Responses to Unregistered Marriages Practices in Minangkabau Elimartati; Arifki Budia Warman; Firdaus; Riska Fauziah Hayati; Kasmidin; Asmara, Musda
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2025.18103

Abstract

The phenomenon of unregistered marriage in Tanah Datar, West Sumatra, reflects the complex interplay between customary traditions (adat), Islam, and the state within contemporary Minangkabau society. This article investigates how the traditional triadic authority—Tungku Tigo Sajarangan, consisting of ninik mamak (customary leaders), alim ulama (religious scholars), and cadiak pandai (intellectuals)—understands and responds to the increasing prevalence of unregistered marriage. Employing a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and field observations, the study reveals that unregistered marriage is perceived not merely as a bureaucratic irregularity due to its absence in the state legal registry, but also as a deviation from both communal norms and the socio-cultural structure of the Minangkabau. This practice signals a broader shift in societal authority, wherein the influence of Tungku Tigo Sajarangan has diminished amid the rise of individualistic religious interpretations, the pressures of modernity, and the weakening of customary mechanisms of social control. The article argues that unregistered marriage serves as an indicator of the delegitimation of local cultural values, contributing to social fragmentation within the community. Addressing this issue necessitates a revitalization of customary institutions to restore their mediating role in balancing customary norms, Islamic principles, and national legal frameworks. Reinforcing local authority is thus imperative to counteract social disintegration and reestablish harmony within the marital order of Minangkabau society. [Fenomena nikah siri di Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat, merupakan cerminan dari kompleksitas relasi antara adat, agama, dan negara dalam masyarakat Minangkabau kontemporer. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana Tungku Tigo Sajarangan—yakni ninik mamak (pemimpin adat), alim ulama (otoritas agama), dan cadiak pandai (kaum intelektual)—memahami dan merespons praktik nikah siri yang kian marak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dengan tokoh-tokoh adat dan observasi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nikah siri tidak semata-mata dianggap sebagai pelanggaran administratif karena tidak dicatatkan dalam sistem hukum negara, melainkan juga sebagai bentuk penyimpangan terhadap norma adat dan struktur sosial komunal. Praktik ini menandai terjadinya pergeseran otoritas dalam masyarakat: peran Tungku Tigo Sajarangan semakin terpinggirkan akibat dominasi tafsir individual atas ajaran agama, pengaruh modernitas, serta melemahnya fungsi pengawasan sosial dari institusi adat. Lebih jauh, artikel ini mengemukakan bahwa nikah siri merupakan salah satu indikator delegitimasi terhadap nilai-nilai kultural lokal, yang berdampak pada disintegrasi sosial dalam komunitas Minangkabau. Situasi ini menuntut adanya revitalisasi peran lembaga adat agar dapat menjalankan fungsi mediasi antara kepentingan adat, syariat Islam, dan regulasi negara secara seimbang. Dengan demikian, penguatan otoritas lokal menjadi langkah strategis dalam menanggulangi fragmentasi sosial dan mengembalikan harmoni dalam tatanan perkawinan masyarakat Minangkabau.]
Relasi Suami Istri pada Pasangan Nikah Usia Dini di Wilayah Bukit Batu Bengkalis: Perspektif Hukum Keluarga Islam Mahyarahila; Kasmidin; Arisman
Al Fuadiy Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): July-December, Al Fuadiy : Journal of Islamic Family Law
Publisher : Nurul Qarnain College of Sharia Studies, Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/af.v7i2.1591

Abstract

The phenomenon of early-age marriage remains prevalent, particularly in the Bukit Batu area of Bengkalis. Marriage is often considered problematic because the individuals involved typically adolescents are not yet mentally or emotionally mature and remain economically and psychologically dependent on their parents. Adolescence should ideally be a golden period for acquiring knowledge and shaping one's identity through both formal and non-formal education. A lack of preparedness for married life affects the relationship between husband and wife, leading to issues such as poor communication, emotional instability, limited knowledge of reproductive health, and unpreparedness to handle household responsibilities all of which increase the risk of domestic violence. This study aims to examine the husband-wife relationship among early-married couples in the area, identify indicators of their relationship quality, and analyze it from the perspective of Islamic Family Law. The research method used is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The findings indicate that early-married couples face various challenges—emotional, social, and economic. Indicators of a healthy relationship include open and honest communication, emotional maturity, independence, responsibility, emotional support, and healthy conflict resolution. From the perspective of Islamic Family Law, the husband-wife relationship should be built on the principles of equality, cooperation, and a balance between rights and obligations. Therefore, a tailored educational and mentoring approach is necessary for early-married couples to help them live a harmonious and responsible married life.