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All Journal Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Journal Analytica Islamica Al-Ittihad: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Hukum Islam
Muhammad Iqbal Irham
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Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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DISFUNGSI PIDANA MATI BAGI KORUPTOR PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DAN FIKIH KONTEMPORER Suryani, Dewi Ervina; Muhammad Faisal Hamdani; Muhammad Iqbal Irham
Al-Ittihad: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Hukum Islam Vol 11 No 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Islam Syariah (STIS) Al-Ittihad Bima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61817/ittihad.v11i2.273

Abstract

Korupsi dikategorikan ke dalam kejahatan luar biasa (extraordinary crime), karena akibat yang ditimbulkannya dapat merusak sendi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Korupsi menghambat kemajuan dan pembangunan bangsa, meningkatkan jumlah kemiskinan dan bahkan bisa membunuh ekonomi negara. Begitu berbahayanya sampai pemerintah memberikan perlakuan khusus untuk menangani kejahatan ini dengan membentuk aturan dan perangkat hukum tersendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kenapa pidana mati bagi pelaku korupsi tidak pernah terlaksana hingga kini. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif terhadap data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, maka ditemukan bahwa frasa “keadaan tertentu” dalam pasal 2 ayat (2) Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UU TPK) tidak memiliki pengertian yang pasti (blur) seperti negara dalam keadaan bahaya, terjadi bencana nasional, sebagai bentuk pengulangan kejahatan, dan pada waktu negara dalam keadaan krisis ekonomi dan moneter. Penjelasan seperti ini menghilangkan hukuman pidana mati bagia pelaku korupsi di luar empat ketentuan tersebut. Dari temuan ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa disfungsi pidana mati bagi pelaku korupsi disebabkan adanya pembatasan keadaan cakupan perbuatan korupsi yang bisa dihukum mati yang ada pada aturan pasal 2 ayat (2) UU TPK. Untuk itu, penulis menyarankan kepada pemerintah dan badan legislatif untuk segera melakukan revisi terhadap UU TPK dengan menghapus frasa “keadaan tertentu” dan menambahkan satu pasal baru yang mengatur tentang pidana mati secara tegas mencakup semua bentuk korupsi yang merugikan bangsa dan negara, serta jelas dan terukur mengatur tentang batas minimum korupsi yang wajib dijatuhi pidana mati, misalnya minimal Rp 1.593.750.000,- berdasarkan mazhab Syafi’i, atau minimal Rp 6.375.000.000 berdasarkan mazhab Hanafi.
PENELANTARAN NAFKAH DAN PENINGGALAN BEBAN HUTANG KELUARGA KEPADA ISTRI : PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF Syaripudin Latif; Muhammad Iqbal Irham; M. Syahnan
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): Volume 11 No. 01 Maret 2026 Published
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i01.41924

Abstract

Kewajiban memberikan nafkah keluarga merupakan tanggung jawab utama suami dalam membina rumah tangga, sebagaimana diatur dalam hukum Islam maupun hukum positif. Dalam praktiknya kewajiban ini kadang terabaikan sehingga sering terjadi penelantaran nafkah dan peninggalan beban hutang keluarga kepada istri yang berdampak pada kerugian ekonomi, sosial, dan psikologis istri dan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penelantaran nafkah dan tanggung jawab atas hutang keluarga dari perspektif hukum Islam, serta menganalisis perlindungan hukum bagi istri berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif-yuridis dengan teknik studi pustaka, yang menelaah sumber-sumber primer peraturanperundang-undangan, serta sumber sekunder berupa literatur fikih dan jurnal akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penelantaran nafkah merupakan pelanggaran terhadap prinsip qawwamah dalam Islamdan termasuk tindak pidana kekerasan ekonomi sebagaimana diatur dalam UU PKDRT. Adapun hutang keluarga yang ditinggalkan suami menjadi bagian dari harta peninggalan (tirkah) yang wajib diselesaikan sebelum pembagian warisan, bukan otomatis tanggung jawab istri. Dengan demikian, hukum Islam dan hukum nasional sama-sama memberikan perlindungan kepada istri dari bentuk ketidakadilan ekonomi dalam rumah tangga.
THE CONTROVERSY OF MILK BANKS: PERSPECTIVES OF YUSUF AL-QARADAWI AND WAHBAH AZ-ZUHAILI Nasywa Nabilah Nugroho; Muhammad Iqbal Irham; Mhd. Syahnan
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 14, No 2 (2025): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i2.27269

Abstract

This study analyzes the legal status of Breast Milk Banking (ASI) from an Islamic perspective by highlighting the differences in legal approaches between Wahbah az-Zuhaili and Yusuf al-Qaradawi, a theme that still leaves a research gap regarding the limits of radha'ah and the implications of lineage in a modern context. This study uses a library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach through a review of classical and contemporary works, fatwas of scholars, and relevant modern fiqh literature. Data are analyzed through source triangulation and an assessment of the consistency of legal arguments to identify the patterns of ijtihad of the two scholars on the issue of non-direct breastfeeding. The results show that Wahbah az-Zuhaili rejects the practice of Breast Milk Banking due to the potential for mixing lineages and the unclear mahram relationship, considering any form of breast milk entering the baby's body, whether directly or through media, as breastfeeding that has legal consequences. In contrast, Yusuf al-Qaradawi argues that Breast Milk Banking is permissible based on the principle of benefit, because breastfeeding that is not done through direct sucking does not create a mahram relationship. This comparison demonstrates differences in ijtihad methodology: Zuhaili's approach to protecting lineage stems from a precautionary approach, while al-Qaradawi emphasizes the flexibility of Islamic law in addressing contemporary social needs. This study confirms that the legal debate regarding breast milk banking is not only related to technical fiqh issues, but also concerns the methodology of legal istinbath in addressing new phenomena. These findings contribute to the development of contemporary fiqh studies and provide a basis for formulating policies that consider aspects of benefit, infant safety, and clarity of lineage.
THE PROBLEMATICS OF JAD MAAL IKHWAH: PERSPECTIVES OF IBN ABBAS AND ZAID IBN TSABIT Fadlan Harmein Harahap; Muhammad Iqbal Irham; Muhammad Syahnan
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 15, No 1 (2026): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i3.27659

Abstract

Jad maʿal ikhwah refers to an inheritance issue that arose after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, particularly during the caliphate of ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭab. In this case, full siblings and the paternal grandfather are two heirs who claim a share of the inheritance. According to the science of faraʾiḍ, only one of these parties is entitled to inherit, while the other is excluded. Both are considered ʿasabah heirs, meaning they are entitled to the residual estate after the fixed shares have been distributed. Ibn ʿAbbas held the view that only the grandfather is entitled to inherit in such cases, whereas Zayd ibn Thabit argued that both the grandfather and the full siblings are entitled to share the inheritance. This study employs qualitative and normative analysis of legal norms and juristic opinions found in both classical and contemporary fiqh texts. The findings indicate that the view of Zayd ibn Thabit, which grants inheritance rights to both the grandfather and the full siblings simultaneously, has been widely accepted by jurists and remains relevant in contemporary contexts.
THE DILEMMA OF SINGLE WOMEN: THE CONCEPT OF KAFĀ'AH IN ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE AND THE COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAW Ulfa Safira Soliha; M. Syahnan; Muhammad Iqbal Irham
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 15, No 1 (2026): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i3.27711

Abstract

The modern world, which provides women with the freedom to pursue the highest possible education, can also have negative impacts on them. Modern women with higher education often face challenges in finding partners due to the concept of equality (kafaah). This study aims to analyze the concept of kafaah in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) and the Compilation of Islamic Law and its relevance to the phenomenon of highly educated women remaining single for extended periods. This study employed a qualitative method with a library research approach, analyzing various literature such as fiqh books, scientific journals, and laws and regulations. The results show that in Islamic law, kafaah is not a requirement for a valid marriage, but rather a social consideration to maintain household harmony, with the primary benchmarks being religious and moral aspects. Differences in social, economic, or educational status cannot be used as a reason to hinder marriage. However, in social reality, the understanding of kafaah often shifts in meaning due to patriarchal culture and materialistic perceptions, so that highly educated women are often considered difficult to find a "comparable" partner. Meanwhile, Indonesian positive law, through the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, and the Compilation of Islamic Law, guarantees protection for women's right to choose their life partner without discrimination. Thus, both Islamic law and positive law emphasize that equality in marriage should be based on moral and spiritual values, not social status or educational level.
SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN MARRIAGE (MARITAL RAPE): A FIQH PERSPECTIVE AND THE SEXUAL VIOLENCE CRIMES LAW (UU TPKS) Ainul Mardhiah; Muhammad Syahnan; Muhammad Iqbal Irham
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 15, No 1 (2026): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i3.27279

Abstract

The phenomenon of forced sexual relations against wives within marriage is an issue that has sparked debate in contemporary Fiqh and the Sexual Violence Crimes Law (UU TPKS). This research aims to explain the opinions of scholars found in contemporary fiqh literature concerning husband-wife relationships and compare them with the sexual violence crimes law. This paper is intended to find the correlation between the perspectives of contemporary scholars and the UU TPKS regarding sexual violence in marriage and the concept of a wife's obedience to her husband in Islam. The research employs a qualitative method with a juridical-normative approach, drawing from contemporary fiqh books, Ahwal Syakhsiyyah, and the sexual violence crimes law. The findings of this research indicate that fiqh law is essentially in alignment with the concept of sexual violence law in marriage as outlined in the UU TPKS. Conversely, the stance of rejection towards the UU TPKS is shown to be a result of misunderstandings of existing religious texts.
Co-Authors Ainul Mardhiah Dewi Ervina Suryani, Dewi Ervina Fadlan Harmein Harahap M. Syahnan Mhd. Syahnan Muhammad Faisal Hamdani Muhammad Syahnan Nasywa Nabilah Nugroho Syaripudin Latif Ulfa Safira Soliha