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All Journal PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Bali Medical and Wellness Journal
Dwijayantari, Si Ayu Dinda
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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HUBUNGAN ASUPAN GIZI MAKRONUTRIEN DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) DI SLB N 2 SINGARAJA Dwijayantari, Si Ayu Dinda; Pasek, Made Suadnyani; Purnomo, Ketut Indra
PREPOTIF : JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.38558

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) menurut DSM-V ialah kelainan pada perkembangan sistem saraf. Kurangnya komunikasi dan interaksi sosial, perilaku berulang, serta keterbatasan minat ialah pertanda daripada ASD. Anak-anak dengan autism juga sering mengalami masalah sensorik, seperti kesulitan merespons tekstur, bau, atau sentuhan tertentu. Hal tersebut yang menyebabkan anak dengan autsisme sering kali memilii masalah dengan elektivitas makanan, yang berpengaruh pada pola makan mereka, sehingga memengaruhi asupan makanan anak-anak autis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan makronutrien dan status gizi pada anak dengan autisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan desian penelitian cross-sectional yang melibatkan 26 orang tua dan anak-anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme. Asupan makronutrien diukur menggunakan kuesioner SQ-FFQ, sementara status gizi diukur dengan metode antropometri. Uji korelasi Rank Spearman dan uji korelasi Pearson digunakan untuk analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas anak ASD berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dengan rata-rata status gizi berdasarkan z-score (IMT/U) 2,52, asupan kalori rata-rata 1488,83 kkal, protein 59,22 g, lemak 45,75 g, dan karbohidrat 210,35 g. Terdapat hubungan antara asupan protein dan lemak dengan status gizi pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (p>0,05), namun tidak ditemukan hubungan antara asupan kalori dan karbohidrat dengan status gizi anak-anak tersebut (p<0,05). Kesimpulannya, terdapat hubungan antara asupan makronutrien (protein dan lemak) dengan status gizi pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) di SLB N 2 Singaraja.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Local Food-Based Supplementation (Pemberian Makanan Tambahan) in Improving the Nutritional Status of Underweight Children under Five at a Public Health Center Christiyanti, Ni Ketut Wenny; Janendra, Putu Sathiya Adi; Dwijayantari, Si Ayu Dinda; Purnami, Kadek Ima
Bali Medical and Wellness Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Bali Medical and Wellness Journal
Publisher : PT BMW Journal Sejahtera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71341/bmwj.v2i2.35

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in children under five is a major public health concern in Indonesia. The government’s Supplementary Feeding Program or Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) aims to improve nutritional status, but its effectiveness needs further evaluation, especially in areas with persistent undernutrition. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the local PMT intervention in improving the nutritional status of undernourished children under five years old. Methods: An experimental one-group pre- and post-test design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test facilitated statistical analysis. The study involved a total sample of 50 respondents who received locally sourced supplementary food over 60 days. Results: The study included 50 respondents, with a majority being male (26 toddlers, 52%) and female (24 toddlers, 48%). The findings revealed a statistically significant improvement (p <0.001) in the children's nutritional status, demonstrating the positive impact of the PMT intervention. Conclusion: Although the PMT program effectively enhanced nutritional status, its success is influenced by factors like adherence to dietary guidelines, parental involvement, and education. Integrating nutrition education and regular health monitoring is crucial to sustain long-term nutritional improvements in children.
Impact of Training on Local Food-Based Supplementary Feeding Knowledge of Posyandu Cadres for Undernutrition Management at Banjar 1 Public Health Center Christiyanti, Ni Ketut Wenny; Dwijayantari, Si Ayu Dinda; Janendra, Putu Sathiya Adi; Purnami, Kadek Ima
Bali Medical and Wellness Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Bali Medical and Wellness Journal
Publisher : PT BMW Journal Sejahtera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71341/bmwj.v2i2.36

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition remains a significant health challenge in Indonesia, especially among vulnerable groups like young children and pregnant women. Improving the skills and knowledge of posyandu cadres in preparing local food-based supplementary feeding (Pemberian Makanan Tambahan/PMT) can help address this issue effectively. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test approach. A group of posyandu cadres was assessed before and after receiving training on making PMT from local food sources. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to analyze the significance of knowledge changes. Results: A total of 40 primarily female cadres participated, with age distribution showing 40% aged 36–45 years, 20% aged 26–35 years, 37% aged 46–55 years, and 3% aged 55–66 years. The training on local food-based PMT resulted in a significant increase in knowledge (p <0.001). Conclusion: Training on preparing and processing local food-based PMT effectively increased the knowledge of posyandu cadres. This improvement is essential for better management of malnutrition among toddlers and pregnant women in the Banjar 1 Public Health area.
Co-Authors Christiyanti, Ni Ketut Wenny Janendra, Putu Sathiya Adi Ketut Indra Purnomo Made Suadnyani Pasek Purnami, Kadek Ima