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All Journal Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy CoMPHI Journal : Community Medicine and Public Health of Indonesia Journal Generics : Journal of Research in Pharmacy Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health
Rusli, Christina
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Understanding the Determinants of Acute Otitis Media in Children Exposed to Tobacco Smoke: A Study from an Urban Indonesian Population Ekananda, Nabilla Firya; Rusli, Christina; Anindya, Pramita
CoMPHI Journal: Community Medicine and Public Health of Indonesia Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Kedokteran Komunitas dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (PDK3MI)

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Abstract

Tobacco smoking is a pervasive global health challenge, with its by-product, secondhand smoke, negatively impacting health, especially in vulnerable populations such as children. In Indonesia, ear disorders, notably Acute Otitis Media (AOM), are common pediatric morbidities. AOM, an inflammation of the middle ear, is frequently linked to high smoking activity and, critically, exposure to tobacco smoke. This study aimed to elucidate the association between secondhand smoke exposure and AOM occurrence in children aged 0-5 years presenting at Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital, Surabaya. Utilizing a cross-sectional observational design, data were collected from 74 eligible pediatric patients through questionnaires detailing their smoke exposure and corresponding AOM diagnoses. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and AOM incidence (p<0.001), characterized by a moderate correlation coefficient (r=0.329). The findings underscore that a significant proportion of pediatric AOM cases at our institution are associated with moderate secondhand smoke exposure. This research concludes that secondhand smoke exposure is a significant risk factor for Acute Otitis Media, particularly among children aged 0-5 years, highlighting a critical need for public health interventions to reduce household smoke exposure and improve pediatric ear health outcomes.
Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of dengue hemorrhagic fever severity in Indonesian pediatric patients: A Single-center retrospective study Dewi, I Gusti Ayu Ajeng Widia Kencana; Adiwinoto, Ronald Pratama; Rokhmadhoni Pikir, Rizqi; Rusli, Christina; Biutifasari, Verna; Diah Utami, Prawesty
Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : PT. Mega Science Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70347/svsthya.v2i4.104

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a significant health burden in Indonesia, necessitating reliable prognostic markers for early clinical intervention. The neutrophil‒lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as a potential biomarker for disease severity assessment, although its utility in pediatric populations requires further validation. This study aimed to to determine the relationship between the neutrophil‒lymphocyte ratio and DHF severity grade in pediatric patients and evaluate its potential as a prognostic indicator for clinical decision-making. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 111 pediatric patients aged 5-14 years who were diagnosed with DHF at RSPAL Dr. Ramelan, Surabaya, between January 2022 and December 2024. Patients were classified according to the WHO severity grades (I-IV), with the NLR calculated from complete blood counts obtained during days 3-6 of illness. Statistical analysis with Spearman's rank correlation was used to examine the relationship between the NLR and disease severity. The study population predominantly demonstrated Grade I DHF (56.8%), followed by Grade II DHF (20.7%), Grade III DHF (18.0%), and Grade IV DHF (4.5%). Patients with lower severity grades (I-II) predominantly presented low NLR values (<1) in 46.0% and 47.8% of cases, respectively, whereas those with higher severity grades (III-IV) primarily presented normal NLR values (1-3) in 65.0% and 60.0% of cases, respectively. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between the NLR and DHF severity (ρ = 0.120, p = 0.208). The neutrophil‒lymphocyte ratio has limited utility as a standalone predictor of DHF severity in pediatric patients. These findings suggest the need for alternative biomarkers or composite indices for accurate prediction of pediatric DHF severity.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bakau Rhizophora mucronata terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida albicans Wijayanti, Grace Eka; Ardiana, Dian; Rusli, Christina
Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol 5, No 2 (2025): Generics : Journal of Research in Pharmacy Volume 5, Edisi 2, 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/genres.v5i2.25718

Abstract

Candida albicans merupakan jamur oportunistik yang banyak ditemukan di negara tropis seperti Indonesia dan dapat menyebabkan sariawan, lesi kulit, vulvavaginitis, kandidiuria, serta kandidiasis pada individu dengan gangguan sistem imun. Obat antijamur Candida albicans yang digunakan selama ini memiliki efek samping serta resistensi. Alternatif yang mungkin dapat digunakan adalah daun Rhizophora mucronata yang mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, tanin, dan saponin yang berperan sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram.  Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 24 sampel yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok, yakni kelompok kontrol positif dengan nistatin, kontrol negatif dengan akuades, kelompok ekstrak 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Candida albicans diinokulasi pada sabouraud dextrose agar. Kemudian agar tersebut diberi ekstrak etanol daun Rhizophora mucronata dan diukur daya hambatnya dengan jangka sorong. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak 50%, 75%, dan 100% dengan konsentrasi 100% memiliki daya hambat paling tinggi, yakni sebesar 9,2225 mm. Pada konsentrasi ekstrak 25% tidak menunjukkan adanya daya hambat. Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol daun Rhizophora mucronata dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans mulai pada konsentrasi 50%. Ekstrak Rhizophora mucronata konsentrasi 100% membentuk zona hambat tertinggi pada pertumbuhan Candida albicans.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bakau Rhizophora mucronata terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida albicans Wijayanti, Grace Eka; Ardiana, Dian; Rusli, Christina
Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol 5, No 2 (2025): Generics : Journal of Research in Pharmacy Volume 5, Edisi 2, 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/genres.v5i2.25718

Abstract

Candida albicans merupakan jamur oportunistik yang banyak ditemukan di negara tropis seperti Indonesia dan dapat menyebabkan sariawan, lesi kulit, vulvavaginitis, kandidiuria, serta kandidiasis pada individu dengan gangguan sistem imun. Obat antijamur Candida albicans yang digunakan selama ini memiliki efek samping serta resistensi. Alternatif yang mungkin dapat digunakan adalah daun Rhizophora mucronata yang mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, tanin, dan saponin yang berperan sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram.  Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 24 sampel yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok, yakni kelompok kontrol positif dengan nistatin, kontrol negatif dengan akuades, kelompok ekstrak 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Candida albicans diinokulasi pada sabouraud dextrose agar. Kemudian agar tersebut diberi ekstrak etanol daun Rhizophora mucronata dan diukur daya hambatnya dengan jangka sorong. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak 50%, 75%, dan 100% dengan konsentrasi 100% memiliki daya hambat paling tinggi, yakni sebesar 9,2225 mm. Pada konsentrasi ekstrak 25% tidak menunjukkan adanya daya hambat. Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol daun Rhizophora mucronata dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans mulai pada konsentrasi 50%. Ekstrak Rhizophora mucronata konsentrasi 100% membentuk zona hambat tertinggi pada pertumbuhan Candida albicans.
Co-Authors Anindya, Pramita Ardiana, Dian Biutifasari, Verna Dewi, I Gusti Ayu Ajeng Widia Kencana Diah Utami, Prawesty Ekananda, Nabilla Firya Rokhmadhoni Pikir, Rizqi Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto Wijayanti, Grace Eka