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Mubarok, Muhammad Syahrul
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Journal : journal of Basic Medical Veterinary

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Nephroprotective Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Papaya (Carica papaya) Seeds on Blood Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine Levels in Albino Rats Induced by Paracetamol Mubarok, Muhammad Syahrul; Yuliani, Gandul Atik; Sunarso, Agus; Hidayatik, Nanik; Kurnijasanti, Rochmah; Hisyam, Mirza Atikah Madarina
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbmv.v14i2.78386

Abstract

Kidney damage caused by high-dose paracetamol leads to elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels as indicators of impaired renal function. This study aimed to evaluate the dose-dependent nephroprotective effects of ethanolic Carica papaya seed extract on BUN and creatinine levels in paracetamol-induced albino rats. A posttest-only control group design was applied using 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups: negative control (1% CMC-Na), positive control (paracetamol 1000 mg/kgBW), and three treatment groups receiving Carica papaya seed extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW. The extract was administered orally for seven consecutive days before paracetamol induction on day 8 and continued until day 11. Blood samples were collected on day 11, and serum was stored at -20 °C before BUN and creatinine concentrations were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a significant and dose-dependent reduction in both parameters in all treated groups compared to the positive control, with the 400 mg/kgBW dose showing the strongest effect and restoring values close to physiological levels. The nephroprotective activity was associated with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the bioactive compounds that counteract oxidative stress and preserve renal cellular integrity. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds demonstrates significant dose-dependent nephroprotection against paracetamol-induced kidney injury in rats.
Co-Authors Achmad Wicaksono Adeliyah, Novita Dwi Almufidah, Evi Zahroh Asrori, Moh Syafaat Ayu Safitri Dewi Sri Rahayu, Dewi Sri Dian Fahriani Fitriana, Riezca Nur Hariyanto, Widia Eka Hidayatik, Nanik Hikam, Moch Hisyam, Mirza Atikah Madarina Parahita, Alifia Sabina Praciana, Yuvi Arinta Purwaningtyas, Esti Rochmah Kurnijasanti Rohmah, Firda Yusnafa Setyaningsih, Eka Wahyu Sugianti, Wiwik Wahyu Sunarso, Agus Untung Usada Wardani, Anifah Tiara Kusuma Wulandari, Lucia Putri Yuliani, Gandul Atik Zubaidah, Tantri Risda