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All Journal Jurnal Akademika Kimia
Pulukadang, Sri H. V.
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Chemistry Education

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Analysis of Bioaccumulation of Mercury (Hg) in Yuyu Crabs (Parathephusa Convexa) in The Janja River, Malomba Village, Dondo District, Tolitoli Regency Santoso, Tri; Hasrudin, Hasrudin; Aminah , Sitti; Pulukadang, Sri H. V.
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2025.v14.i1.pp8-12

Abstract

The phenomenon of environmental damage due to unlicensed gold mining activities harms aquatic ecosystems. Mercury (Hg) waste from the mining process has the potential to cause bioaccumulation in aquatic biota such as fish and crabs, which can lead to mercury contamination in the human body through the food chain. The bioaccumulation process can also produce toxic organic compounds that harm human health. Therefore, this research aims to determine whether mercury bioaccumulation occurs in yuyu crabs in the Janja River, Malomba Village, Dondo District, Tolitoli Regency, due to gold mining activities. The method used in the research is the calibration curve method with Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) analysis at a wavelength of 253.7 nm. The results obtained from this research indicate that bioaccumulation has occurred in yuyu crabs that live in the Janja River. The highest accumulated mercury metal levels were obtained at upstream locations with an average of 5.24 ppb; the lowest was in the midstream, which is 1.53 ppb. At the downstream location, it has a mercury concentration of 4.53 ppb. So it shows that the mercury contamination in the yuyu crab samples is below the quality standard threshold, Indonesian National Standard No. 7387 of 2009, for the heavy metal mercury in other types of crabs and crustaceans is 1.0 ppm or 1000 ppb.
The Levels of Student Questioning and Critical Thinking Ability in Acid-Base Topics and Correlation with Learning Outcomes Magfirah, Magfirah; Zulhan, Zulhan; Santoso, Tri; Afadil, Afadil; Pulukadang, Sri H. V.; Marpaung, Meida E.
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2025.v14.i1.pp29-33

Abstract

Acid-base material is often considered difficult for students because it is abstract, leading to misconceptions and poor learning outcomes. The ability to ask questions reflects cognitive engagement and is closely related to the critical thinking required to understand abstract concepts. Therefore, it is important to examine this skill to obtain evidence of its role in improving chemistry learning outcomes and as a consideration for teachers in determining the appropriate learning process. This study aims to analyze students' questioning skills and critical thinking abilities in acid-base learning and examine the relationship between these skills and students' learning outcomes. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed and conducted at SMAN 1 Dampal Utara. The research subjects comprised 30 students, including 17 females and 13 males. Male students. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used for data collection included the questioning skills test and the critical thinking skills test. The results indicated that students’ questioning skills were categorized as moderate with a percentage of 57.5 %, similarly, their critical thinking abilities also fell into the mild category with a rate of 48.33 %. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between questioning skills and learning outcomes (r= 0.386;α=0.035). Meanwhile, the relationship between critical thinking and learning outcomes was shown to be insignificant (r= 0.225;α= 0.173). These findings suggest that questioning skills can contribute to optimal learning outcomes.
Determination of Hydrolyzed Tannin Content in Cocoa Fruit Peel Waste of MCC 01 Clone, Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Mangela, Yessika D.; Hamzah, Baharuddin; Rahmawati, Sitti; Pulukadang, Sri H. V.
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2025.v14.i1.pp58-63

Abstract

Cocoa Fruit Peel Waste MCC 01 Clone (Theobroma cacao L.) is a traditional medicinal plant with tannins that can be utilized as an anti-bacterial because it contains phenol groups and has antiseptic properties. This study aims to determine the type of tannin compound and the tannin content in cocoa fruit peel waste extract. The maceration method was used to extract the extract using 70% ethanol as a solvent. Qualitative test of tannin type was conducted using C2H4O2 10%, C2H3O2 10%, HCl, FeCl3, and KBr, while quantitative test was conducted using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 765 nm. The qualitative test results to determine the type of tannins obtained from cocoa fruit peel waste indicate that it contains hydrolyzed tannins. In the quantitative test, the average tannin content was 4.73 mg/g extract.
Urang Aring (Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk) Leaf Extract as Natural Dyes for Making Pomade Triutari, Nurlaila; Pulukadang, Sri H. V.
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp32-38

Abstract

Dyes have an important role in the industrial sector to increase consumer interest in a product. Urang aring is a plant with color pigments that can be used as natural dyes. This study aims to utilize urang aring leaf extract as a natural hair dye for the manufacture of pomade by producing the quality of pomade preparations according to standards. The research method was carried out experimentally including determining the water content and ash content of urang aring leaves and optimizing the time of dye extraction and storage of urang aring leaf extract using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, then making pomade based on the formulation of urang aring leaf extract and beeswax, namely: formulation I (3:3), II (5:3), and III (10:3). Pomade quality test includes: organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, freeze-thaw test, and color stability test against sunlight. Based on the results of the study, it was found that urang aring leaf extract can be used as a natural dye for the manufacture of pomade with formulation III which meets the standards in the pomade quality test because it has a soft dense texture, blackish green color, and has no odor with a pH of 6 which is ideal for hair. Pomade formulation III also has a texture that does not separate at extreme temperatures and good color stability under direct sunlight for 5 hours.
Protein Content and Organoleptic Test Central Sulawesi Pumpkin Seed Tempeh (Cucurbita moschata) for Learning Resource Jannah, Raodatul; Santoso, Tri; Pulukadang, Sri H. V.; Ahmar, Dewi S.
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

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Abstract

The yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is a plant that readily adapts to diverse soil conditions; however, the utilization of its seeds remains restricted. Despite possessing a relatively high protein content crucial for growth and energy, it can serve as an alternative raw material for tempeh production. This study intends to generate yellow pumpkin seed tempeh in compliance with SNI 3144:2015 organoleptically, assess variations in the protein content of yellow pumpkin seed tempeh from three distinct regions in Central Sulawesi, and produce a Student Worksheet as an alternative resource for chemistry education through expert lecturer validation. This research employs a quantitative methodology utilizing the Kjeldahl analysis technique to ascertain protein concentrations across three phases: destruction, distillation, and titration. Furthermore, a sensory evaluation was conducted by 20 panelists to analyze the texture, color, flavor, and scent of yellow pumpkin seed tempeh. The resultant tempeh has favorable organoleptic properties, achieving an average preference score of 4, characterized by uniform white coloration, a distinctive tempeh aroma, and a dense texture. Protein content research revealed that tempeh from Palu City had the most significant protein concentration at 24.5 %, followed by Palolo District at 23.91 %, and North Lore District at 20.41 %, suggesting the impact of environmental factors on the nutritional composition of the manufactured tempeh. According to SNI 3144:2015, the visual characteristics of yellow pumpkin seed tempeh and its protein content conform to the established quality criteria. The findings of this study were presented as Student worksheets, which achieved a validity rate of 85 %, indicating its high suitability as a learning resource. This research enhances the application of yellow pumpkin seeds as a nutritious food source and fosters the creation of engaging and novel educational materials.
Co-Authors Afadil Ahmar, Dewi S. Aminah , Sitti Baharuddin Hamzah Hasrudin, Hasrudin Magfirah, Magfirah Mangela, Yessika D. Marpaung, Meida E. Raodatul Jannah Sitti Rahmawati Tri Santoso Triutari, Nurlaila Zulhan, Zulhan