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All Journal Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Ario Bimo Utomo
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Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Elemen Listening Sebagai Soft Power: Diplomasi Publik Arab Saudi Melalui Pagelaran Riyadh Masters Ario Bimo Utomo; Baswedan, Zaidan Muhammad
Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Vol. 23 No. 2 (2025): Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian, Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dan Publikasi Ilmiah (LP3M) Institut Agama Islam (IAI) Al-Qodiri Jember, Jawa Timur Indonesia bekerjasama dengan Kopertais Wilayah 4 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53515/qodiri.2025.23.2.220-240

Abstract

This article is composed to examine the discussion regarding how Saudi Arabia utilizes the Riyadh Masters Event as an instrument of public diplomacy, with a focus on Nicholas J. Cull’s taxonomy—specifically the “listening” function. Citing Cull’s concept, he argues that listening is the most analytically suitable framework for understanding the engagement of government–in this case through the regime of de facto Mohammed bin Salman–through early-stage with the global esports community, particularly under its Vision 2030 agenda. The research is based on a qualitative analysis of online discourse, stakeholder actions, and official communication. Data were collected through digital ethnography and content analysis across Reddit, Twitter, and tournament coverage. Findings suggest that Saudi Arabia employs esports not only for entertainment or economic diversification but as a way to monitor global sentiment, assess international reputation, and align its diplomatic narrative. The centralized public diplomacy model in Saudi Arabia enables coordinated listening practices, with implications for future cultural and digital diplomacy efforts. Ultimately, this article contributes to a growing body of literature that explores digital platforms, gaming culture, and international engagement from a Global perspective. Keywords: Public Diplomacy, Esports, Saudi Arabia, Listening, Soft Power
Center-Regional Relations in National Motivated Paradiplomacy: A Scottish Case Study Putri, Anggi Koenjaini; Ario Bimo Utomo; Cakra Diaz Pratama
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 4 No. 1: June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v4i1.87

Abstract

This study investigated the complex dynamics of center-regional relations in nationally motivated paradiplomacy, using Scotland as a case study. As a devolved nation within the United Kingdom (UK), Scotland has actively pursued international engagement not merely as a pragmatic exercise in policy diffusion or economic cooperation, but as a strategic vehicle for constructing a distinct national identity. This research identified the nationalist dimension as a primary motive behind Scottish paradiplomacy, particularly under the leadership of the Scottish National Party. Employing a qualitative interpretive approach and a case study method, the study drew upon primary sources (official Scottish government documents, speeches, and international frameworks) and secondary literature spanning 2014 to 2022. Using the analytical lens of paradiplomatic theory and the center-regional relationship typology developed by Panayotis Soldatos, the study concluded that Scotland’s paradiplomacy fits the parallel disharmony pattern. While Scotland and the UK operate simultaneously in international affairs, their motivations, narratives, and policy orientations frequently diverge. Scotland’s emphasis on global citizenship, climate justice, and European engagement stands in stark contrast to London’s centralist and post-Brexit trajectory. This dissonance illustrates how subnational paradiplomacy can serve not only as a policy tool but also as a political instrument for autonomy-seeking entities, challenging conventional notions of sovereignty from below. This study contributes to the broader discourse on paradiplomacy by demonstrating how subnational governments with strong nationalist narratives can develop differentiated external roles within a unitary state structure.
Kerja Sama Sister City Surabaya–Busan dalam Bidang Pendidikan Tahun 2015–2025 Virda Rizky Anggraini; Farahdzilla Muthianisa Azzahra; Kin Ashiladafsa Blantiant; Ario Bimo Utomo
Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal Vol. 7 No. 11 (2025): RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/reslaj.v7i11.9786

Abstract

The Sister City cooperation between Surabaya (Indonesia) and Busan (South Korea) has been ongoing since 1994 and covers various fields, one of which is education. This article aims to analyze the implementation of the educational cooperation program between Surabaya and Busan for the 2015–2025 period using Sister City analysis theory from a paradiplomacy perspective as the basis for the study. This research examines student exchange programs, teacher training, and scholarship support facilitated by the Busan Foundation for International Cooperation (BFIC) and the Surabaya City Education Office. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data obtained through document review of official government reports, websites, online news, and academic literature related to educational diplomacy. The results indicate that the student exchange program, the Global Youth Friendship Program, school visits, teacher training, and scholarships contribute to increasing educational capacity and strengthening cultural ties between the two cities. However, budget constraints, program sustainability, and reliance on annual policies indicate that this collaboration has not been fully institutionalized sustainably within the regional education policy structure. This article recommends increasing the integration of education programs within the Sister City Agreement and strengthening coordination between the two city governments for the long-term education agenda.
Co-Authors Baswedan, Zaidan Muhammad Cakra Diaz Pratama Farahdzilla Muthianisa Azzahra Kin Ashiladafsa Blantiant Putri, Anggi Koenjaini Virda Rizky Anggraini