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All Journal Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Eryani, Farica
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

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Enhanced Methods for Synthesizing Hydroxyxanthone Using Eaton and ZnCl2 Catalyst with Microwave Irradiation Yuanita, Emmy; Eryani, Farica; Septiyana, Maulida; Lestarini, Ima Arum; Dharmayani, Ni Komang Tri; Sugara, Taufan Hari
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.3.753-758

Abstract

The methods for synthesizing hydroxyxanthone compounds are continually advancing. Among these, microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) has emerged as a particularly advantageous technique due to its reduced reaction times, improved yields, and enhanced selectivity. This study reports the efficient synthesis of 3,7 dihydroxyxanthone through the reaction of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate and resorcinol, using Eaton’s reagent and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) as catalyst under MAOS conditions. The structures of the resulting compounds were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The efficiency of the catalytic systems was evaluated based on the product yields. The Eaton reagent catalysis resulted in a 9.38% yield of a red solid, while the ZnCl2-catalyzed reaction produced a significantly higher yield of 23.07%, with the product appearing as an orange solid. These results demonstrate that Zn
Formulation and Physical Quality Test of Body Lotion of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Extract as Anti-Mosquito Agent for Aedes aegypti Eryani, Farica; Miryati, Nanda Riztina; Faulatun, Ike Afni; Gifari, M. Arya; Ramadhan, Fajri; Handayani, Sri Seno
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i3.6438

Abstract

Mosquitoes are one of the vectors with a high disease spread compared to several other types of insects. Making a body lotion from Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaf extract is an effort to reduce the spread of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds that can be utilized as natural repellants. This study aimed to test the phytochemical compounds, physical quality and repellant power of the body lotion formula of the Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaf extract. The test results showed that the lotion preparation was stable in organoleptic observation and homogeneity test. Repellant activity against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes was conducted for 5 hours. The highest protection power of lotion with Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaf extract was obtained at 76.92% at 4% extract concentration from three formulas.
Co-Authors Emmy Yuanita Faulatun, Ike Afni Gifari, M. Arya Ima Arum Lestarini Maulida Septiyana Miryati, Nanda Riztina Ramadhan, Fajri Sri Seno Handayani Taufan Hari Sugara Tri Dharmayani, Ni Komang