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Enhancing Transparency and Accountability in Public Services Through Information Technology: A Case Study of Timor-Leste’s Ministry of Justice Petu, Vitalis; Amaral, Adolmando Soares; Nahak, Martinus; Gusmão, Fernando Dias; M. Martins5, Leonito
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v5i5.1231

Abstract

This study explores the novel application of the Ajendamento online scheduling system in Timor-Leste’s passport services, addressing gaps in prior research by focusing on its dual role in enhancing transparency and accountability while confronting unique local challenges. Unlike broader e-government studies, this research provides empirical evidence from a least-developed country (LDC) context, where infrastructural and literacy barriers significantly impact digital adoption—a dimension underexplored in existing literature. Using a qualitative case study design, the study analyzes interviews with 12 stakeholders, document reviews, and observational data from Timor-Leste’s Ministry of Justice. Findings reveal that the Ajendamento system reduces broker interference, improves service efficiency, and fosters procedural transparency. However, persistent issues such as uneven internet access (54.2% penetration), low digital literacy (especially among rural and elderly populations), and institutional capacity gaps (e.g., 26% contracted staff, limited training) hinder equitable implementation. These challenges contrast with studies in more advanced digital economies, highlighting the critical need for context-specific solutions. The study contributes to e-government theory by emphasizing the interplay between technological systems and socio-institutional readiness in LDCs, a nuance absent in Heeks’ (2002) generalized frameworks. Practical implications include targeted investments in infrastructure, literacy campaigns, and inter-agency collaboration to ensure inclusive digital transformation. By bridging the gap between policy aspirations and grassroots realities, this research offers a model for similar settings globally.
Analysis of the Effectiveness the use of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) for Control of Road Code Crime Cardoso, Moises; Gusmao, Fernando Dias; Martins , Leoneto Madeira
Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 3 No. 8 (2025): Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/enrichment.v3i8.508

Abstract

The capital Dili of east Timor is currently undergoing rapid changes for urban development toward more modern and globalized city. With the increasing urban population, Dili has become one of the most crowded cities in east Timor prone to conflict and violence. With The growth of urban population and the limited access to public transports force many people infavor of private transportation for their daily activities. However, most of the people using private transportations such as; motorbikes, cars and many other vehicles are often lacked the knowledge and understanding of the health and safety related issues when using their vehicle. Although the relevant institutions and traffic police regularly campaigned and socialiasing the health and safety precaution when using and operating any types of vehicles. However, with the installation of CCTV(Closed Circuit Television)technology have given traffic police the opportunity to develop traffic control managenement effectively and prevent accidents through CCTV surveillance. The installation of CCTV not only monitoring and recording traffic activities on the roads, but it’s enabling the police and local authority to monitor and analyze the situation in public areas such as; shopping mall, city centre, parking area, public park. The installation of CCTV program in the context of social order, with the aims were to maintaining public safety and security, reduce crime and emergency response. Hence, the CCTV is widely arguably the most effective toolfor law enforcement officers or security officials to maintain social order and prevent crime and criminality. The major theories used to analyze the results of this research are social control theory, strategy theory and effectiveness theory. Aspects of control, strategy and effectiveness become measures for the researcher to analyze and interpret the use of CCTV to supervise vehicles that use public roads in the city of Dili related to the existing road code. The descriptive qualitative method is a natural and holistic approach to explore, understand, and explain complex phenomena from the perspective of individuals or groups. Data collection process through observation, interview and documentation. All data collected will be analyzed using the Milles and Huberman interactive model and Swot Analysis. The basic result of this research is that the CCTV installed by the National Police on the public roads in the capital Dili is in a good condition in terms of camera and image capture. Most public roads, especially the main road in Dili, have installed CCTV. However, there are some public roads that have not been installed. In fact, only two cases (accident and incident) have used CCTV as evidence. Ineffectiveness in managing the use of CCTV to control violation cases due to lack of resources such as facilities, personnel skills and the number of personnel who conduct CCTV monitoring. The cost of paying telecommunications operators is high, but its use for control is more cases whose volume per day is small (accidents and incidents) than cases of infringement that per day CCTV accept many.