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All Journal Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Journal Of Widya Medika Junior Jurnal Widya Medika Folia Medica Indonesiana
Handi Suyono
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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THE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL-BASED ANTISEPTIC SOLUTIONS AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES Suyono, Handi; Wihanto, Laura
JURNAL WIDYA MEDIKA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33508/jwm.v10i1.2810

Abstract

Introduction : Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are gram positive bacteria which can cause various diseases. The use of antiseptics is an effort that can be done in order to break the chain of transmission and reduce morbidity due to infection by microorganism. Alcohol as the main ingredients of antiseptics is probably the oldest and most widely used in various antiseptic products on the market. Despite their easy and practical use, reports of incidents of resistance to alcohol-based antiseptic agents to bacteria have been reported from several studies. Aim: Determine the inhibition of alcohol-based antiseptic solutions against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Methods : Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion assays as susceptibility test. Zone of inhibition of growth diameter was performed in mm, with criteria resistance if ≤ 6 mm and sensitive if > 6 mm. We used 4 solutions namely A) ethanol 70%, B) ethanol 70% + H2O2 0,15%, C) ethanol 80%, D) ethanol 80% + H2O2 0,15%. Result : The assay results on Staphylococcus aureus showed the zone of inhibition of growth for solution ethanol 70%, ethanol 70% + H2O2 0,15%, ethanol 80%, and ethanol 80% + H2O2 0,15% are less than 6 mm which indicated that the antiseptic solution do not inhibit bacterial growth, as well as for all solutions against Streptococcus pyogenes. Different results were obtained from solution D (ethanol 80% + H2O2 0.15%) on S. aureus which indicate the zone diameter is 21 mm and classified having the ability to inhibit bacterial growth (sensitive). Conclusion: Exposure of gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes to clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol based antiseptic with or without hydrogen peroxide addition is not effective in inhibiting bacteria. Only an 80% alcohol-based antiseptic solution with the addition of H2O2 is still effective in inhibiting S. aureus . Further research needs to be done to review the recommended antiseptic formula and the need to add other ingredients to make an effective antiseptic in order to prevent infection.
The Role of Antiapoptotic Erythropoietin on Ultraviolet B-Induced Photodamaged Skin Through Inhibition of Sunburn Cells Suyono, Handi; Sanjaya, Kristian; Susanti, Deby
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Abstract

Ultraviolet light causes photodamaged skin leading to photoaging skin. Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) causes epidermal keratinocyte apoptosis, namely sunburn cell, through apoptotic intrinsic pathway. Erythropoietin (EPO) has a role in cytoprotection in various tissues but its role to epidermal skin is not clear yet. This study was designed pretest-posttest control group design. Thirty two male mice Mus musculus, strain Balbc, were divided into control and treatment group, 16 mice each group. All mice were exposured by UV-B light 16mJ/cm2, distance 30 cm, duration 90 seconds, for 3 consecutive days. Four mice each group were randomly sacrificed as pretest data. The control mice were given aquadest subcutaneous injection 0.1 mL, and treatment mice were given EPO subcutaneous injection 0.1 mL (100 IU/kg BW). UVB were given everyday with same protocol above. Treatments were given 4 times, interval 3 days. All mice were sacrificed to examine sunburn cells. Data were performed as mean ± SD and analyzed by t-test using SPSS 17.0 with significant value p<0.05. Sunburn cells of pretest control were 25.00 ± 4.85% and treatment group were 24.83 ± 5.15%. Sunburn cells significantly decreased (p=0.002) in treatment group (31.5 ± 9.39%) than control (50.83 ± 6.70%). UV-B causes sunburn cells formation. EPO inhibits apoptosis through increasing NO production and eNOS expression, inhibiting caspase and proinflammatory cytokines, and increasing antiapoptotic protein. EPO has a role in skin apoptosis inhibition which is shown by decreased sunburn cells
Co-Authors Agata Christi Palupi Anton Hariadi Bulain, Jessica Julia Fransiscus Arifin Jennifer Anggraini Sasangka Jong, F.X Himawan H. Laura Wihanto Maria Magdalena Ano Djoka Paulus Alexander Supit Prettysun Ang Melow Putra, Christian JS Sanjaya, Kristian Saputra, Ivan Sri Purwaningsih Steven Hermantoputra Susanti, Deby Waworuntu, Gladdy L. Willianto, Vincentius Michael Yudita Wulandari