Wirawan, Fadila
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Household Food Expenditure Typology and Its Association with Child Stunting and Anemia in Indonesia Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Yusnita, Yusnita; Ningsih, Winda M; Wulandari, Ririn Arminsih; Pujonarti, Siti A; Wirawan, Fadila
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Stunting and anemia remain the coexisting nutritional problems among Indonesian children. However, evidence of household-level food expenditure and its association with child stunting and anemia is limited. This study aimed to observe the association between household food expenditure typology and child stunting and anemia in Indonesia. Data was obtained from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). The household food expenditure, child nutritional status, and anemia were observed in 2007 and 2014. Latent class analysis was taken to identify the food expenditure pattern. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between household food expenditure patterns and stunting and anemia status. A total of 2,296 children from 2,158 households were included in the study. Household food expenditure was identified into (1) higher processed food, refined grain, and purchased meals; (2) higher fish, seafood, plant protein, vegetables, and beans; and (3) balanced food purchases. Households with Pattern 2 had lower odds of anemia in 12–59-month-olds than Pattern 3 (AOR 0.78, p-value = 0.03, 95% CI). Households with Pattern 2 were likely to have stunted 8–12-year-olds compared to households with Pattern 3 (AOR 1.37, p-value = 0.09, 95% CI). Household food expenditure types may affect children’s nutritional status.
Dietary Diversity as a Dominant Factor of Energy Intake Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Depok City, Indonesia Santoso, Cornelia Lugita; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Fikawati, Sandra; Wirawan, Fadila; Putri, Primasti Nuryandari; Shukri, Nurul Husna Mohd
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Maternal nutritional needs increase during lactation. However, the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers usually still falls short of the recommended adequacy levels. This study aimed to identify the dominant factor of energy intake in breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District, Depok City, Indonesia. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design from July 2022 to February 2023. Energy intake, dietary diversity, and eating frequency were collected using 24-hour food recall. Other variables were collected through interviews with structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression. A total of 217 breastfeeding mothers participated in this study. This study found that 78.3% of breastfeeding mothers had inadequate energy intake. Dietary diversity (p-value = 0.032) was the dominant factor associated with the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeeding mothers with non-diverse food consumption were at a 2.507 times higher risk of inadequate energy intake. Energy intake in breastfeeding mothers is related to the sustainability of breastfeeding. However, most breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District still have insufficient energy intake. Therefore, it is suggested that food supplementation for breastfeeding mothers should be included in promoting exclusive breastfeeding.