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Hubungan human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) dengan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular: konsistenkah bukti yang ada? Fitriani, Indah; Dharmasaputra, Alan; Marshella, Sally; Rosiana, Safira; Pramesuari, Florentina Dewi; Umar, Tungki Pratama
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 7 Nomor 4 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v7i4.546

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) pose ongoing global health challenges. This literature review evaluates the relationship between HIV infection and increased cardiovascular diseases, outlining findings from sixteen observational studies. Key findings involve an elevated risk of hypertension, coronary artery disease, sudden cardiac death, and cardiovascular risk factors among HIV patients. Additionally, antiretroviral therapy (ART) side effects are highlighted, including specific impacts of certain drugs. The gender of HIV/AIDS patients also plays a role in cardiovascular risk profiles. The study details the pathophysiological mechanisms, such as immune activation and inflammation, involved in the heightened cardiovascular risk in individuals with HIV/AIDS. This study underscores the importance of a comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular health impacts on the HIV/AIDS population to guide informed therapeutic choices for preventing cardiovascular status deterioration.  
Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution in Pregnant Women: Contribution to Preterm Birth and Health Policy Implications Adji, Arga Setyo; Dharmasaputra, Alan; Audrey, Florencia; Wijayanti, Grace Eka; Ayuning, Luh Putu Diah; Suwito, Bambang Edi; Puspita, Angela
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 11 (2025): November
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i11.13225

Abstract

Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution has emerged as a major environmental and public health issue, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia, where contamination levels are among the highest in the world. Recent findings from Ekspedisi Sungai Nusantara (2022) revealed microplastic concentrations of up to 636 particles per liter in East Java’s rivers, indicating widespread exposure through water, air, and food sources. Indonesia also ranks third globally in plastic pollution, contributing approximately 3.4 million tons annually. This study employs a literature review and policy analysis approach to assess the impact of microplastic exposure on maternal and fetal health, with an emphasis on preterm birth risk and the adequacy of current regulatory frameworks. Evidence from human and animal studies indicates that microplastics can translocate across the placental barrier, inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and endocrine disruption that may impair fetal development and increase the risk of preterm birth. Despite the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2025 concerning reproductive health, the absence of explicit environmental pollutant protection clauses highlights a critical policy gap. Strengthening intersectoral collaboration among the Ministry of Environment, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries is essential to establish national safety thresholds, implement continuous monitoring, and integrate reproductive health protections into environmental policies. This study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive microplastic management strategies and maternal health safeguards to mitigate the growing risks associated with microplastic and nanoplastic exposure in Indonesia.