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All Journal REACTOR : Journal of Research On Chemistry And Engineering Indonesian Journal of Biological Pharmacy
Ningrum, Sri Rahayu Widya
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Optimasi Konsentrasi NaCl dan Waktu Inkubasi terhadap Kandungan Asam Amino dan Total Padatan Terlarut pada Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) dalam Reaktor Anaerob Hanifah, Windia; Ningrum, Sri Rahayu Widya; Junaidi, Edi
REACTOR: Journal of Research on Chemistry and Engineering Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52759/reactor.v6i1.19

Abstract

In Indonesia, earthworms specifically Lumbricus rubellus are generally underutilized, often used only as fishing bait and not yet fully optimized for their potential as a protein source. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of protein from Lumbricus rubellus using variations in NaCl concentration and incubation time. The extraction process was conducted using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD), involving two independent variables: NaCl concentration (3%, 6%, and 9%) and incubation time (24, 48, and 72 hours). The measured responses were dissolved protein, total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH of the extract. The results showed that the optimal condition for protein extraction was at 3% NaCl concentration and 24 hours of incubation, yielding the highest level of dissolved protein. The highest TDS was recorded at 45.5 ppm under the condition of 9% NaCl and 24-hour incubation, while the lowest TDS was 34.3 ppm at 9% NaCl and 72 hours. The pH values ranged from 4.18 to 4.47, with the highest pH observed at 3% NaCl and 24 hours. These findings demonstrate that both NaCl concentration and incubation time significantly influence the efficiency of protein extraction from Lumbricus rubellus, with lower concentrations and shorter times generally producing better results.
Pharmacognosy Study of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Leaves Rostinawati, Tina; Susilawati, Yasmiwar; Tjitraresmi, Ami; Zakia, Syifa; Nugrahani, Hanny; Ningrum, Sri Rahayu Widya; Kusumastuti, Pinastya Purwakaning; Sulistyaningsih, Widya Ayu
Indonesian Journal of Biological Pharmacy Vol 5, No 3 (2025): IJBP (Desember)
Publisher : Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijbp.v5i2.66235

Abstract

Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., commonly known as Jati Belanda, has been used extensively in traditional medicine because of its various pharmacological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostic features, phytochemical profile, and quality parameters of G. ulmifolia leaves. The dried leaves were extracted using 70% ethanol through maceration, and the extract was analyzed for organoleptic, microscopic, and macroscopic characteristics, moisture content, extractive values, ash content, metal contamination, and phytochemical composition. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, coumarins, and monoterpenoids/sesquiterpenoids. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) confirmed the presence of flavonoids with quercetin as a standard. Quantitative analysis showed a total phenolic content of 2.1 ± 0.297 mg GAE/g and a total flavonoid content of 1.27 ± 0.12 mg QE/g of extract. All metal contamination levels, including Pb, Cd, and Hg, were within safe limits. These findings support the potential of G. ulmifolia leaves as a safe and standardized raw material for herbal medicine.Keywords:  Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Pharmacognosy study, Phytochemical screening
Co-Authors Ami Tjitraresmi, Ami Hanifah, Windia Junaidi, Edi Kusumastuti, Pinastya Purwakaning Nugrahani, Hanny Sulistyaningsih, Widya Ayu Tina Rostinawati Yasmiwar Susilawati Zakia, Syifa