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All Journal Hayyan Journal
Abd Haris, Miftahul Jannah
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Characterization of Active Carbon Pineapple Skin (Ananas comosus) as Absorbent of Heavy Metal Copper (Cu) with NaOH and NH4OH Activators Abd Haris, Miftahul Jannah; Musdalifah1; Herdie Idriawien Gusti; Syahdam Karneng
Hayyan Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v2i3.3524

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate the potential of pineapple peel as a raw material for making activated carbon, as well as comparing the effectiveness of NaOH and NH4OH activators in the activation process. Activated carbon is produced through a carbonization and chemical activation process, then its quality is tested based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-3730-1995. The research results show that activated carbon from pineapple peel meets SNI standards in terms of ash content and water content, with each not exceeding the maximum limits of 10% and 15%. The yield of activated carbon activated with NH4OH (87.5%) was higher than NaOH (79.4%). In addition, the water content of activated carbon with NH4OH (1.07%) is lower than NaOH (1.42%). Although the iodine absorption capacity of activated carbon from pineapple peel is still below the minimum SNI standard (750 mg/g), NH4OH shows better results in adsorption of the heavy metal Cu (0.0041 mg/g) than NaOH (0.0015 mg/g ). The FTIR spectrum shows the presence of diverse functional groups, indicating complex chemical interactions. Based on the results of this research, pineapple peel has good potential as a raw material for activated carbon, with NH4OH as a more effective activator in improving the quality and adsorption ability of activated carbon.
The content of Compounds and Bioactivity of the Eucalyptus sp species Abd Haris, Miftahul Jannah; Andi Nur Fitriani Abubakar
Hayyan Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v2i3.3580

Abstract

Eucalyptus sp. is one of the plant genera from the Myrtaceae family which is widely known for its diverse secondary metabolite content and high biological activity. This study aims to systematically examine the diversity of active compounds and potential bioactivity of various Eucalyptus species, especially in the leaves, bark, seeds, and essential oils. Various compounds such as 1,8-cineole, citronellal, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds have been shown to contribute to pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulators, anticancer, as well as natural insecticides and repellents. The results of the review indicate that these activities have great relevance in the development of biopharmaceutical products, cosmetics, and other health applications. The diversity of compounds and broad pharmacological effects place Eucalyptus as a very potential source of natural materials to be developed sustainably.
Co-Authors Andi Nur Fitriani Abubakar Herdie Idriawien Gusti Musdalifah1 Syahdam Karneng