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All Journal International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains
Bustomi
Universitas Dharma Indonesia
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Reformulation Of Punishment Objectives In The National Criminal Code: A Restorative Justice Perspective Yohanes Pande; Bustomi; Eko Budi Sariyono; Ade Ari Gumilar; Stelvia W. Noya
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) (Special Issue) - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) January 2
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i1.9959

Abstract

This article examines the reformulation of sentencing objectives under the Indonesian National Criminal Code as regulated in Law Number 1 of 2023 by positioning restorative justice as its central analytical framework. The enactment of the new Criminal Code represents a response to long-standing critiques of the conventional punitive paradigm, which has largely been dominated by retributive and retaliatory approaches. Such a model is considered insufficient in addressing the needs of victims, restoring disrupted social relations, and promoting the rehabilitation of offenders. Consequently, the integration of restorative justice values into the objectives of sentencing constitutes a strategic effort to establish a more humane and equitable criminal justice system. This study employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis focuses on provisions governing sentencing objectives within the National Criminal Code and evaluates their alignment with the principles of restorative justice as developed in contemporary criminal law discourse. Data were collected through library research, encompassing legislation, legal doctrines, and national scholarly journal articles addressing criminal law reform and restorative justice. The findings indicate that the National Criminal Code has incorporated a significant shift in sentencing objectives, moving beyond punishment-oriented models toward victim recovery, offender rehabilitation, and the preservation of social balance and harmony. Nevertheless, the practical implementation of restorative justice based sentencing objectives continues to face substantial challenges, particularly with regard to the readiness of law enforcement authorities, prevailing legal culture, and the need for more detailed and operational implementing regulations. Therefore, the reformulation of sentencing objectives within the National Criminal Code requires strengthened implementation policies to ensure that restorative justice principles are effectively realized in criminal justice practice.
Urgensi Kriminalisasi Perundungan (Bullying) Di Sekolah Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak: The Urgency of Criminalizing Bullying in Schools in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Hendrikus Haipon; Bustomi; Anna Veronica Pont; Mohamad Fadli Dg Patompo; Stelvia W. Noya
Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains (Special Issue) - Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains (JKS) - Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jks.v8i12.9566

Abstract

Kasus perundungan di lingkungan sekolah menunjukkan tren peningkatan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dan memunculkan konsekuensi serius bagi perkembangan fisik maupun psikologis anak. Meskipun Indonesia telah memiliki regulasi yang mengatur perlindungan anak, seperti UU Perlindungan Anak dan UU Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, perundungan belum diatur secara eksplisit sebagai tindak pidana yang berdiri sendiri. Kondisi ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, terutama ketika aparat penegak hukum harus menafsirkan tindakan perundungan melalui pasal-pasal kekerasan umum yang tidak sepenuhnya menggambarkan sifat perundungan yang berulang, terstruktur, dan melibatkan ketimpangan relasi kuasa. Artikel ini mengkaji urgensi kriminalisasi perundungan sebagai upaya preventif dan represif untuk menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang aman serta menjamin perlindungan maksimal bagi anak, baik sebagai korban maupun pelaku. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan analisis kualitatif, penelitian ini menelaah kekosongan norma dalam peraturan yang ada, dampaknya terhadap penanganan kasus, serta kebutuhan pembaruan kebijakan hukum yang lebih responsif terhadap dinamika sosial di sekolah. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa kriminalisasi perundungan secara jelas dalam sistem peradilan pidana anak diperlukan untuk memberikan kepastian hukum, mendorong penanganan yang lebih terukur, serta memastikan penerapan keadilan restoratif yang tetap mengedepankan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak.
Co-Authors Ade Ari Gumilar Anna Veronica Pont Eko Budi Sariyono Hendrikus Haipon Mohamad Fadli Dg Patompo Stelvia W. Noya Yohanes Pande