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Social Learning Theory and Constructivism from the Perspective of Islamic Psychology Chairunnisa, Mutia; Deliani, Nurfarida; Batubara, Juliana
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 9 (2025): #1
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i9.1231

Abstract

The development of modern education demands a learning approach that not only focuses on cognitive aspects, but also develops social, moral, and spiritual skills. However, learning practices in many educational institutions are still dominant using lecture methods and have not been integrated with Islamic learning, so they lack effective learning theory. This study aims to describe Bandura's social learning theory and Piaget and Vygotsky's constructivism as a conceptual foundation for learning that is in line with the principles of Islamic education. Through a qualitative method based on literature studies, this study examines the literature on educational psychology and Islamic references to understand the characteristics, components, and implications of the two theories in holistic learning. The results show that social learning theory, which emphasizes the process of observation, modeling, and social reinforcement, is in line with the concept of exemplary (uswah hasanah) in Islam. Meanwhile, Piaget and Vygotsky's constructivism that emphasizes cognitive development, social interaction, and scaffolding in the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is also in line with Islamic learning that is gradual, dialogical, and experiential. These findings provide a direction that these modern psychological theories can be the basis for the development of Islamic learning that touches on intellectual, spiritual, emotional, and social aspects, as well as become a theoretical foothold for a more comprehensive and contextual model of Islamic education.
Professional Zakat: A Contemporary Fiqh Solution in the Era of Modern Income Chairunnisa, Mutia; Khadijah, Khadijah; Sari, Widya
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 9 (2025): #1
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i9.1266

Abstract

This study explores the issue of unfamiliarity with professional zakat among Indonesian Muslims, where types of professional income such as doctors' or lawyers' salaries have not been fully recognized as objects of zakat, even though they have great potential to support social welfare. The main purpose is to examine the legal basis of professional zakat through analogy (qiyas) with other property zakat, as well as to formulate provisions and calculation methods in accordance with the modern economic context, in order to improve understanding and application in society. The method used is a qualitative approach with library research, involving content analysis of classical and contemporary literature sources such as the fiqh book of Yusuf al-Qardhawi, scholarly interpretation, and modern studies of professional zakat. The results of the study show that professional zakat has a strong shari'i basis from Qur'anic verses and general hadiths, with qiyas on trade zakat as the most moderate approach (nisab 85 grams of gold, 2.5% level, one-year haul), as well as the flexibility of calculation between gross or net income based on muzakki conditions. Recommendations include intensive education by zakat institutions and the development of a practical calculation model to introduce professional zakat as an integral part of Islamic social worship.
Ijtihad Digital dan Fatwa di Era Artificial Intelligence Chairunnisa, Mutia; Samad, Duski; Mamad, Firdaus ST
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 9 (2025): #1
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i9.1349

Abstract

Ijtihad, mufti, and fatwa constitute fundamental elements in the Islamic legal system that ensure the continuity and adaptability of Sharia law across changing times. In the contemporary era, the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) introduces new dynamics in Islamic legal scholarship, particularly in relation to legal reasoning and fatwa issuance. This study aims to examine the position of ijtihad, mufti, and fatwa in the age of AI and to analyze the extent to which AI can be utilized without replacing the authority of human scholars. The research employs a qualitative approach through library research, drawing on classical and contemporary works of usul al-fiqh, scholarly journal articles, and official documents from religious institutions. The findings indicate that AI lacks essential epistemological and ethical qualities required for ijtihad, such as moral responsibility, intention, and contextual understanding of social realities and maqasid al-shari‘ah. Consequently, AI cannot function as a mujtahid or mufti in determining Islamic legal rulings. Instead, it may serve as a supportive tool to assist scholars in accessing legal sources, conducting textual analysis, and managing religious data more efficiently. The study also identifies key ethical challenges related to authority, accountability, data bias, and contextual sensitivity that must be addressed to ensure responsible use of AI in Islamic law. This research contributes conceptually by clarifying the methodological boundaries of AI in Islamic legal reasoning and emphasizing the continued central role of qualified scholars in fatwa formulation.