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All Journal African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Habiba Idris Adam
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Daniella oliveri Stem Bark on Selected Clinical Isolates Samuel Tamunoiyowuna Cockeye Brown; Ikrimah Usman Mohammed; Habiba Idris Adam
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3465

Abstract

The utilization of medicinal plants in therapy has gained popularity due to increased trust in herbal medicine, attributed to properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antipyretic effects conferred by phytochemicals present in them. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Daniella oliveri stem bark against clinical isolates. The sample was air dry at room temperature for 7 days. Exactly 400 g of the air dried samples was weighed and soaked in 1000 mL each of ethanol and water respectively for 72 hours and were extracted using decoction method. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of the bark of the Daniella oliveri was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp., Klebsiella pneumonia and Planococcus glaciei isolates. The ethanol extract of the bark was inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp. and Klebsiella pneumonia with the highest zone of inhibition of 14±0.00 mm, 17±10.6 mm and 25±10.5 respectively, while the aqueous extracts of bark was active against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp. and Klebsiella pneumonia with zone of inhibition of 14±0.00 mm, 13±10.4 mm and 25±0.00 respectively. MICs ranged from 50 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL for ethanol and 100 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL for aqueous extracts, with no activity observed at 200 mg/mL. MBC results were observed at 100 mg/mL and 200 mg/mL for ethanol and aqueous extracts respectively. The study concluded that Daniella oliveri possesses significant antibacterial activities, supporting its traditional use. Further research is warranted to purify and utilize the active inhibitory substance as an alternative treatment for infections associated with the test organisms.
Environmental Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Water and Sediments along Ibi Troughs North-East Nigeria Habiba Idris Adam; Otitoju Oluwale; Arowora Kayode Adebisi; Isaac John Umaru; Ikrimah Usman Mohammed; Iornenge Terungwa Joseph
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3471

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the risk associated with microplastics along river Ibi. Water and sediment samples were collected from five (5) sites each along river Ibi 100m apart. The surface sediment was sampled in all cases to approximately 5-cm depth using a Van Veen grab (25 cm2). Microplastics particles were identified using Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The FTIR spectra of the water and sediment showed bands and wave numbers of between 3275 cm-1 and 1033 cm-1 as the prominent peaks. The peaks at these frequencies were strong, broad and medium, which suggest the presence of compounds with the functional groups of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, amines, alkyl halide, nitro compound, carbonyl bond, carboxylic acids and alcohols in the samples. The review analysis also shows that various polymer types have been covered in the studies polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyethylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP) is the dominant polymer types found in all environmental matrices. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment shows hazard indices above one at every sampling location in river Ibi, indicating that drinking water from these water bodies may present serious health risks, including cardiovascular and non-carcinogenic health issues. The results obtained from this study showed that water from the sampling locations are not suitable for human consumption and also confirm the presence of microplastic in river Ibi.
Co-Authors Arowora Kayode Adebisi Ikrimah Usman Mohammed Iornenge Terungwa Joseph Isaac John Umaru Otitoju Oluwale Samuel Tamunoiyowuna Cockeye Brown