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Fathur Rahman Nugraha
Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

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Development of Transparent Epoxy Resin–Bi₂O₃ Composites as Alternative Radiation Shielding Materials for Optical Shielding Rizki Rifa'i Majid; Kusnanto Mukti Wibowo; Arga Pratama Rahardian; Fathur Rahman Nugraha; Supriyadi Supriyadi
Jurnal Health Sains Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Journal Health Sains
Publisher : Syntax Corporation Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/jhs.v7i3.2817

Abstract

Scattered radiation exposure during radiology procedures can reach the head and eye lenses of personnel, requiring eye protection with good radiation attenuation capabilities without compromising comfort. Conventional lead-based radiation protection materials have high density, making them heavy and less ergonomic for long-term use. This study aims to evaluate the X-ray attenuation capability of a transparent epoxy resin–bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) composite as a candidate optical shielding material for radiation glasses based on the Half Value Layer (HVL) parameter. The composite was made using epoxy resin as a matrix and Bi₂O₃ as a high atomic number filler, with a mass ratio of 5:1 and a thickness of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. Measurements were performed using a diagnostic X-ray machine at voltages of 40 kV and 45 kV with an ionization dosimeter detector. The HVL value was calculated based on the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), and the data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test and Spearman's correlation. The results showed that an increase in composite thickness resulted in an increase in the HVL value, and there was a significant positive correlation between thickness and HVL (r = 0.681; p < 0.01). The epoxy resin–Bi₂O₃ composite showed effective attenuation at thin thicknesses with optical transparency characteristics, making it a potential lead-free optical shielding material for radiation glasses. These findings demonstrate that Bi₂O₃--epoxy resin composites are promising candidates for developing lightweight, transparent, and effective radiation protective eyewear.  
Comparison of Agatston Score Calculation Between the Syngo.Via Automated Method and the Manual Method in Non-Contrast Cardiac CT Muaziz, Agil Abdul; Utami, Hernastiti Sedya; Oviyanti, Pradana Nur; Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Nugraha, Fathur Rahman
Jurnal Health Sains Vol. 7 No. 4 (2026): Journal Health Sains
Publisher : Syntax Corporation Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/jhs.v7i4.2826

Abstract

In clinical practice, the Agatston Score can be calculated manually or automatically using post-processing software such as Syngo.Via; However, the difference in absolute values between these methods can affect clinical interpretation. The study aimed to compare measurements of the Agatston Score obtained using the Syngo.Via automated method and manual calculations on non-contrast cardiac CT, with an emphasis on measurement differences, suitability, and reliability. A quantitative observational analytical study was conducted using retrospective no-contrast cardiac CT data from 20 subjects. The Agatston score is calculated automatically using Syngo.Via and manually using the Weasis software on the same image dataset. The difference in measurement was analyzed descriptively and tested for normality. Statistical differences were evaluated using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, suitability was evaluated using Bland–Altman analysis, and reliability was evaluated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) with a two-way mixed effect model and absolute suitability. Results showed that a difference between the method was not normally distributed and a statistically significant difference in the Agatston score was observed (p < 0.05). The Bland–Altman analysis showed that most of the differences were distributed around the zero line with a few outliers, while the ICC analysis revealed a very high reliability between the two methods (ICC = 1,000). In conclusion, the automatic and manual measurement of the Agatston Score showed excellent reliability and good agreement despite the statistically significant differences in absolute values, suggesting that the two methods could be compared.