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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi
Putri Rizky Febrianti
Universitas Negeri Malang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Extract of Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as Animal Feed Risalatul Fathimah; Dika Putra Wijaya; Amirotul Muniroh; Sumari Sumari; Danar Danar; Nilna Inayatan Nafiah; Fatimah Az-Zahra; Aura Gitta Zhafirah; Grestya Dienda Monicha; Marendha Salma Sajidah; Juwita Oktaviani; Fina Kharisma Musallamah; Putri Rizky Febrianti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.229-238

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of Hermetia illucens (BSF) maggot extract as a potential sustainable ingredient for animal feed. Lipid extraction was performed using a modified Bligh and Dyer method by substituting chloroform with n-hexane to ensure safer and environmentally friendly processing. Proximate analysis revealed that BSF maggots contained 29.36% crude protein, 43.76% crude fat, 9.27% ash, 19.94% crude fiber, and a low moisture content of 3.06%, indicating high nutritional density and storage stability. XRF and qualitative tests confirmed significant mineral content, particularly CaO, K?O, and P?O?, with no detectable heavy metals or harmful contaminants, supporting their safety for feed applications. Microscopic analysis showed particle sizes ranging from 2,000-10,000 nm, classifying the material as a nanostructured biomass. The FAME profile demonstrated a diverse composition dominated by 9-octadecenoic acid (10.92%), triacontane (8.87%), octadecanoic acid (7.65%), and heptacosanoic acid (7.17%). Key medium- and long-chain fatty acids such as dodecanoic acid (C12:0), elaidic acid (C18:1), and stearic acid (C18:0) were also detected, indicating the suitability of BSF lipids as an energy-dense feed component with oxidative stability. Overall, the biochemical and structural characteristics obtained in this study highlight BSF maggots as a promising, nutrient-rich, and environmentally sustainable ingredient for animal feed formulations.
Characterization of Mannitol-Producing Yeasts from Manalagi Apple Cider and Their Effects on Bacterial Nanocellulose Production by Acetic Acid Bacterium M3 Muhammad Andry Prio Utomo; Nava Sayyidati Akmalia; Putri Rizky Febrianti; Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas; Agung Witjoro
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14 No. 3 (2026): September
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v14i3.18260

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and identify mannitol-producing yeasts from apple cider and to evaluate their potential to support bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by acetic acid bacterium isolate M3. The experimental procedures included yeast isolation, mannitol quantification using the colorimetric method of Sánchez (1998), genus-level identification of the yeast isolates, compatibility testing, and consortium-based BNC production. Four yeast isolates, designated CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4, were obtained from Manalagi apple cider. Colorimetric analysis showed that all isolates were capable of producing mannitol. Isolate CA1 produced the lowest mannitol concentration, at 0.06378 ± 0.00164 ppm, whereas isolate CA2 produced the highest concentration, at 0.11210 ± 0.00186 ppm. Based on morphological and biochemical characteristics, isolate CA1 was presumptively identified as belonging to the genus Zygosaccharomyces, whereas isolates CA2, CA3, and CA4 were presumptively assigned to the genus Yarrowia. Compatibility assays revealed no inhibition zones between any of the yeast isolates and acetic acid bacterium isolate M3. In the consortium-based BNC production assay, only the co-culture of yeast isolate CA1 and bacterial isolate M3 produced BNC; however, the yield was lower than that obtained from the M3 monoculture. These findings indicate that, under the conditions tested, the use of mannitol-producing yeasts in a microbial consortium did not enhance BNC production.
Co-Authors Agung Witjoro Amirotul Muniroh Aura Gitta Zhafirah Danar Danar Dika Putra Wijaya Fatimah Az-Zahra Fina Kharisma Musallamah Grestya Dienda Monicha Juwita Oktaviani Marendha Salma Sajidah Muhammad Andry Prio Utomo Nava Sayyidati Akmalia Nilna Inayatan Nafiah Risalatul Fathimah Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas Sumari Sumari