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Design of Automatic Battery Charger Using Forward DC-DC Converter for Solar Home Energy Nur Vidia Laksmi B.; Muhammad Syahril Mubarok; Fithrotul Irda Amaliah; As’ad Shidqy Aziz; Daeng Rahmatullah; Dimas Herjuno; Muhammad Afnan Habibi
Vokasi UNESA Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v2i1.35817

Abstract

The utilization of solar energy as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy source, which is inexhaustible, is an ideal solution to meet the growing demand for electricity. Solar Home Energy refers to a house powered by solar energy. The solar energy is subsequently stored in batteries using a battery charger. In this paper, a forward DC-DC converter is used as a battery charger to supply power to a self-sufficient house from solar energy, stored in a 96 V 45 Ah battery. A fuzzy logic controller is employed to regulate the output of the forward DC-DC converter, ensuring a constant charging voltage according to the set point. The output of this project is designed for 110 V 4.5 A; however, in practice, the forward DC-DC converter only achieved a charging voltage of 100.5 V, resulting in an error of 8.63% from the planned value. Additionally, the charging current reached 1.4 A, leading to a significant error of 63.89% from the planned charging current.
Adaptive frequency regulation of an LPG generator using an assistive model-free iterative learning controller Inov Ivandany; Arya Kusumawardana; Muhammad Afnan Habibi; Muhammad As'ad Sahroni
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1372

Abstract

Mechanical speed governors in small generator sets often provide only coarse frequency regulation, leading to steady-state error and poor transient recovery under load disturbances. To address this limitation, this study proposes a hybrid governor for an (liquefied petroleum gas) LPG-converted generator, in which the built-in mechanical governor is retained as the primary stabilizing layer, and a model-free iterative learning control (ILC) is added as an assistive electronic controller. The proposed method was validated experimentally under dynamic multi-step load disturbances and internal parameter shifts. In the dynamic load test, the proposed hybrid ILC achieved the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.9144 Hz, compared with 0.9581 Hz for the (proportional-integral) PI-controller benchmark and 1.5512 Hz for the mechanical governor. This corresponds to an RMSE improvement of 41.05 % relative to the mechanical governor and 4.56 % relative to the PI-controller benchmark. In terms of relative tracking accuracy, both electronic controllers substantially reduced the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) relative to the mechanical governor, with the proposed hybrid ILC achieving the lowest value of 1.14 %, slightly lower than 1.15 % for the PI-controller and much lower than 2.04 % for the mechanical governor. Under internal parameter detuning, the proposed method maintained better regulation performance, with RMSE improvements reaching 79.68 % relative to the mechanical baseline. These results show that the proposed hybrid model-free ILC improves transient response, tracking accuracy, and robustness, while preserving the original mechanical governor as a practical baseline controller.
Digital Socialization: Social Media’s Role in Shaping Students’ Values and Norms Binti Maunah; Muhammad Afnan Habibi; Etty Zakiya Pratiwi; Azkia Brilian Kurniawan
Journal of Social Studies and Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Al-Qalam Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61987/jsse.v4i2.3000

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of social media as an agent of socialization in shaping university students' values ​​and norms, and to identify variations in its influence across different higher education contexts. A qualitative approach employing a case study design across three universities was utilized. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis involving university leaders, bureau heads, deans, faculty members, and students between July and September 2025. Data analysis was conducted interactively through data condensation, data display, verification, and cross-site comparison. The findings indicate that social media plays an active role in value formation by broadening perspectives, shaping self-identity, facilitating digital interaction, and influencing habits and behaviors. This influence is ambivalent, offering benefits regarding information and networking while simultaneously posing risks of dependency, anxiety, and impaired academic focus. In conclusion, the influence of social media is gradual, interactive, and contextual. Consequently, higher education institutions need to strengthen digital literacy, media ethics, and social media governance.
Sustainable Water Management via Waqf: A Case Study from an Islamic Boarding School in East Java Jihan Nafisa; Asfi Manzilati; Sri Muljaningsih; Muhammad Afnan Habibi
al-Uqud : Journal of Islamic Economics Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): January (in Progres)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/al-uqud.v10n1.p1-17

Abstract

Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia play an essential role in religious education and community welfare, yet many face financial limitations that hinder their ability to provide basic facilities. Sustainable funding models are therefore needed to strengthen their operational resilience. Productive waqf offers a strategic mechanism to support essential services, including access to clean drinking water. This study analyzes the management of a waqf-funded drinking water filtration facility in an Islamic boarding school in Indonesia. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, data were gathered through observations, interviews, and documentation. The results show that the waqf asset is managed through clear planning, structured utilization, and regular monitoring, which improves operational efficiency and reduces costs. The filtration facility enhances students’ access to safe drinking water while demonstrating how productive waqf can support sustainable service provision. The study highlights the economic and managerial relevance of waqf-based initiatives for strengthening institutional sustainability in Islamic education.