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Syarivah, Thoifatus
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Understory Vegetation and Aerial Insect Diversity in The Fragmented Riparian Zones of The Glatik River, East Java Syarivah, Thoifatus; Prasetyo, Hamdani Dwi; Putri, Nabiilah Rifda Harmono; Lutfi, Afifi; Fauziah, Yusni Nur; Saresti, Navisyah Rahma; Mudhaffar, Adham Hammam
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2026.014.01.04

Abstract

Riparian forests, vegetation areas located along rivers and other water bodies, play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological integrity of a landscape. This study aimed to examine vegetation and insect diversity and analyze soil and water conditions in the Toyomarto, Candirenggo, and Ardimulyo riparian forest areas. An experimental method was used, establishing 16 plots at 8 stations in the designated area. The results showed 14 species of riparian vegetation, dominated by species such as Oryza sativa, Synedrella nodiflora, and Phyllanthus urinaria, with diversity levels varying from moderate to low. The aerial insect community consisted of 20 species with 39 individuals, with the highest diversity at stations with more complex vegetation structures. Stations with low vegetation showed the dominance of one insect species, indicating severe habitat degradation. Abiotic factors such as pH, temperature, and humidity influenced insect activity but played a secondary role compared to vegetation structure. This study demonstrated that habitat fragmentation can lead to ecological imbalance, decreased biodiversity, and disrupted ecosystem function.
Analysis Physicochemical and In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of White Pomegranate Peel Extract (Punica granatum L.) Azizah, Nur; Ma'rifah, Shofia Jannatul; Jamilah, Zahrotul; Syarivah, Thoifatus; Harmono Putri, Nabiilah Rifda; Ramadhan, Majida; Faisal
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2026.014.02.07

Abstract

Antibacterial agents from natural biological compounds can originate from phenolic compounds found in plants, including the white pomegranate fruit. However, the use of white pomegranate peel is still relatively unknown to the public, so it is often discarded, even though this part contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids that have potential as natural antibacterial agents. This study aimed to analyse the physicochemical characteristics of white pomegranate peel extract (Punica granatum L.) and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Peak absorption, wavelength, and functional groups were analysed using UV-Vis and FTIR, while antibacterial activity was tested using the well-diffusion method. The extract was tested at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% as the treatment factors. The physicochemical test results showed that the moisture content of the simplicia was 3.378%, which met the quality criteria of good simplicia, while the ash content of 19.27% indicated a fairly high mineral content. The UV-Vis spectrum showed absorption at wavelengths of 230–295 nm, indicating the presence of flavonoid compounds, while FTIR results confirmed the presence of alcohol and phenolic functional groups. Antibacterial tests showed that white pomegranate peel extract inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus with the largest inhibition zones at a concentration of 100%, measuring 20 mm and 23 mm, respectively. Based on the inhibition strength category, this extract was strong against E. coli and very strong against S. aureus. Thus, white pomegranate peel extract has the potential to be developed as an effective natural antibacterial agent.
Co-Authors Faisal Fauziah, Yusni Nur Hamdani Dwi Prasetyo Harmono Putri, Nabiilah Rifda Jamilah, Zahrotul Lutfi, Afifi Ma'rifah, Shofia Jannatul Mudhaffar, Adham Hammam Nur Azizah Putri, Nabiilah Rifda Harmono Ramadhan, Majida Saresti, Navisyah Rahma