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Understory Vegetation and Aerial Insect Diversity in The Fragmented Riparian Zones of The Glatik River, East Java Syarivah, Thoifatus; Prasetyo, Hamdani Dwi; Putri, Nabiilah Rifda Harmono; Lutfi, Afifi; Fauziah, Yusni Nur; Saresti, Navisyah Rahma; Mudhaffar, Adham Hammam
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2026.014.01.04

Abstract

Riparian forests, vegetation areas located along rivers and other water bodies, play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological integrity of a landscape. This study aimed to examine vegetation and insect diversity and analyze soil and water conditions in the Toyomarto, Candirenggo, and Ardimulyo riparian forest areas. An experimental method was used, establishing 16 plots at 8 stations in the designated area. The results showed 14 species of riparian vegetation, dominated by species such as Oryza sativa, Synedrella nodiflora, and Phyllanthus urinaria, with diversity levels varying from moderate to low. The aerial insect community consisted of 20 species with 39 individuals, with the highest diversity at stations with more complex vegetation structures. Stations with low vegetation showed the dominance of one insect species, indicating severe habitat degradation. Abiotic factors such as pH, temperature, and humidity influenced insect activity but played a secondary role compared to vegetation structure. This study demonstrated that habitat fragmentation can lead to ecological imbalance, decreased biodiversity, and disrupted ecosystem function.
Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Cauliflower Leaf Extract (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) Marsellya, Ayu Nur; Putri, Nabiilah Rifda Harmono; Syarivah, Thoifatus; Ramadhan, Majida; Jayanti, Gatra Ervi; Nafisa
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): JSMARTech Volume 7, No 2, 2026
Publisher : JSMARTech

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2026.007.02.33

Abstract

Cauliflower leaves (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) are agricultural waste that has not been utilized optimally, although they potentially contain valuable secondary metabolite compounds. This study aims to identify secondary metabolite compounds in cauliflower leaf extract using phytochemical screening, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and FTIR methods. The cauliflower leaf samples were obtained from Karangploso Market, Malang, and extracted using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent for 3×24 hours. The characterization results of the simplicia showed 4.367% of moisture content and 15.46% of ash content, which meet the standards of the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The extraction process yielded a 22.37% yield. Phytochemical screening tests showed that the cauliflower leaf extract contains alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, and triterpenoid compounds, but does not contain saponin. UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis showed the main absorption peak at a wavelength of 350 nm with an absorbance of 3.559, indicating the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Meanwhile, the FTIR test results showed that there is alkaloid content in the sample but it is minor because the strong alkaloid amide/ carbonyl group is not visible, and the results are dominated by phenolic/flavonoid content shown by the presence of the flavonoid skeleton, hydroxyl group (O-H), and aryl ether (C-O). The results of this study indicate that cauliflower leaves contain diverse secondary metabolites and have the potential to be developed as a source of bioactive compounds in pharmaceutical and health applications.