Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has also been hypothesized to be linked to PM2.5. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for each community using satellite data. We applied two-level logistic regression models to examine the associations, and estimated hypertension burden attributable to ambient PM2.5.
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