This study aimed to develop and evaluate a scientific approach-based Student Worksheet (SW) for teaching the concept of force to fourth-grade elementary school students. A Research and Development (R&D) design using the ADDIE model was employed, comprising analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The study involved 28 fourth-grade students at SDN 156/IX Muhajirin, Jambi City, Indonesia, during the 2025 academic year. Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, expert validation, and teacher and student responses. The results showed high validity, with scores of 94.64% from the subject-matter expert and 90% from the media expert. The SW was also highly practical, as indicated by teacher responses (95%), small-group responses (93.75%), and large-group responses (95.63%). Its effectiveness was demonstrated by an increase in the mean score from 59.39 on the pretest to 74.71 on the posttest. A paired-samples t-test indicated a statistically significant improvement in learning outcomes (p < 0.001), while the N-gain score of 0.38 indicated moderate improvement. Overall, the developed SW was valid, highly practical, and effective in supporting elementary science learning on the concept of force.
Copyrights © 2026