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INDONESIA
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology
Published by Universitas Islam Riau
ISSN : 2503216X     EISSN : 25415794     DOI : 10.25299
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science Physics
JGEET (Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment and Technology) published the original research papers or reviews about the earth and planetary science, engineering, environment, and development of Technology related to geoscience. The objective of this journal is to disseminate the results of research and scientific studies which contribute to the understanding, development theories, and concepts of science and its application to the earth science or geoscience field. Terms of publishing the manuscript were never published or not being filed in other journals, manuscripts originating from local and International. JGEET (Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment and Technology) managed by the Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau.
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Articles 608 Documents
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Analysis of The Effect of Land Use Change Using Random Forest Algorithm on Surface Temperature and Its Relationship With Urban Heat Island Phenomenon Damayanti, Alpina; Prasetyo, Budhi Agung; Sitinjak, Mika Alvionita
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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Abstract

Bandar Lampung City is one of the cities experiencing rapid population growth. Its strategic location for development and infrastructure has made it a prime target for urbanisation. This urbanisation process has increased built-up land areas and surface temperature, triggering the emergence of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. This study aims to analyse land use changes and surface temperature to determine the spatial distribution of the urban heat island phenomenon in Bandar Lampung City using Landsat 8 remote sensing data. The analysis was carried out through several extraction stages, one involved examining land use changes using the random forest algorithm as an ensemble learning method to address classification problems. The classification results showed an accuracy level of 85%, with the most significant changes occurring in built-up and vegetated areas. The shift in land function from natural or vegetative conditions to built-up areas such as residential zones, commercial areas, and urban infrastructure is driven by population growth and increased economic activity. This transformation has resulted in reduced green spaces and agricultural land, increased surface temperature, decreased groundwater absorption capacity, and intensified the urban heat island phenomenon, affecting ecosystem balance and urban environmental comfort. Based on data processing results, the average surface temperature distribution in 2013 and 2023 was 22.62°C and 26.65°C, respectively, with the UHI distribution increasing by 762.95 hectares.
Correlation Between Land Cover Change and the Spatial Distribution of Land Surface Temperature in Tanjungpinang City, Indonesia Afriadi, Arie; Septio, Ghenady; Chidmahdjati, Aria Bagiasa; Saputri, Dea Rizky
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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Land cover change is a global environmental issue driving the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, in which artificial surfaces experience higher temperatures than vegetated areas. Tanjungpinang City, the capital of the Riau Islands Province, has experienced rapid development driven by population growth, leading in the conversion of green spaces into settlements and infrastructure and increasing urban heat island (UHI) risks. This study analyzes changes in land cover and land surface temperature (LST) from 2003 to 2023 and examines their Correlation. Using Google Earth Engine (GEE), we processed Landsat and MODIS imagery and used correlation analysis to assess the relationship between land cover changes and land surface temperature (LST) dynamics. The results of the study indicate that during the 2003–2023 period, Built-up Land experienced a significant increase of 27.15 km², which inversely correlated with a reduction in Vegetation area by 14.02 km². This transformation triggered an expansion of areas categorized under high and very high land surface temperatures in Tanjungpinang City. Correlation and regression analyses confirm a strong negative relationship between Vegetation and LST, underscoring vegetation's crucial role in reducing heat through shading and evapotranspiration. Conversely, Built-up Land shows a strong positive correlation with LST, highlighting its contribution as a primary driver of surface heat. Meanwhile, Water Bodies and Bare Land exhibit more varied influences with relatively minor impacts on overall urban temperature fluctuations. In general, this research concludes that the conversion of vegetated land to Built-up Land is the main factor driving increases in surface temperatures in Tanjungpinang City. These findings are expected to serve as a strategic foundation for the local government in evaluating spatial planning policies and prioritizing the integration of Green Open Spaces to achieve sustainable urban planning that is adaptive to climate change.
Hydrocarbon Source Rock Potential and Thermal Maturity of Baong, Peutu, and Bampo Formations in the North Sumatra Basin, Indonesia Adrian, Fahri; Syah Putra, Hidayat; Sartika, Dewi; Rifqan; Fajrin, Haffiza
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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This study investigates the hydrocarbon source rock potential and thermal maturity of shale and mudstone outcrop samples from the Baong, Peutu, and Bampo Formations in the North Sumatra Basin, Indonesia. These fine-grained, calcareous, organic-rich, and low-permeability rocks are widely recognized as potential hydrocarbon source rocks. Source rocks generate hydrocarbons through thermal maturation processes, and their effectiveness is primarily controlled by organic richness, kerogen type, and thermal maturity. A total of six (6) outcrop samples were collected and analyzed using Rock-Eval Pyrolysis and Vitrinite Reflectance methods to evaluate their geochemical characteristics. The Baong Formation samples show very good organic richness, with Total Organic Carbon (TOC) values ranging from 2.2 to 2.5%, and are dominated by Type II/III kerogen, indicating potential for mixed oil and gas generation. Tmax values of 428–429°C suggest that these samples are thermally immature. The Peutu Formation samples exhibit very good source rock potential, with TOC values of 3.3–3.8% and predominantly Type II/III kerogen, suitable for mixed oil and gas generation. Tmax values indicate thermal immaturity to early maturity. In contrast, the Bampo Formation samples are thermally mature but display poor organic richness (TOC < 0.5%) and low Hydrogen Index values, suggesting limited hydrocarbon generation potential dominated by Type III kerogen. Although interpretations are based on outcrop samples, the results provide important implications for evaluating the petroleum system of the North Sumatra Basin, particularly in understanding source rock distribution, quality, and maturity trends.
Estimation of Tsunami Arrival Time and Run-up Height Using The Cornell Multi-Grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) at Ujung Bulu and Bira Beaches, Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia Chaerul, Muhammad; Muh. Imran Tahir; Anshari, Erwin
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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This study aims to estimate tsunami arrival times and wave heights at Ujung Bulu Beach and Bira Beach, Bulukumba Regency, using numerical simulations with the Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT). Two potential tsunamigenic earthquake scenarios were considered: the West Nusa Tenggara segment of the Flores Back-Arc Thrust (Mw 7.5) affecting Ujung Bulu District, and the eastern segment of the Selayar Fault (Mw 7.2) impacting Bira Beach in Bontobahari District.Modeling results indicate that tsunami arrival times at Ujung Bulu range from approximately 46 minutes at the coastline to 56 minutes inland, with modeled wave heights varying between 0.02 and 1.96 m. In contrast, Bira Beach experiences significantly shorter arrival times, ranging from 3 to 6 minutes, with wave heights between 0.10 and 10.00 m. The reported tsunami heights represent the maximum modeled water surface elevation above mean sea level at each location.These results highlight the near-field tsunami hazard at Bira Beach and the moderate but widespread inundation potential in Ujung Bulu District. The findings provide important implications for disaster risk reduction in Bulukumba Regency, including improvements in early warning dissemination, evacuation planning, and community preparedness. Nevertheless, the results are subject to uncertainties associated with earthquake source parameterization, bathymetric resolution, and numerical modeling assumptions.
Architectural Element Analysis of Channel Deposits in The Cipamingkis River Section, Jatiluhur Formation Gani, Reza Moh. Ganjar; Girabie, Ludwi; Revanda, Naufal Fajar; Sunarie, Cecep Yandri; Pahlevi, Raihan Shaib; Rahayu, Dewi Sri
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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Architectural element analysis on the channel has been held with the length of the object study more than 3 kilometers in the Cipamingkis River Jatiluhur Formation. The channel deposit and association of the channel are generally influenced by the turbidity system in the slope setting. The determination of architectural elements in this study must consider the stratigraphic record, characterized by facies, facies association, internal geometry, and bounding surface. The study area has seven lithofacies and must be grouped into three facies associations. Channel elements are generally filled with coarse-grained sediment material and show amalgamation, thickened beds, and gradation of sandstone. There is fine-grained material that was found, such as siltstone, which indicates a levee element that has an older stratigraphic position than the channel element. Four-channel elements can be distinguished based on the characteristics of the constituent materials and their internal geometry. The vertical stack creates a channel complex in the study area, with channel element evolution starting from incision, and the last phase is aggradation-migration.
Soft Layer Identification in Kedamaian District Using the HVSR-Derived Shear Wave Velocity Distribution Mulyana, Galang Dwi; Antosia, Risky Martin; Nathania, Edlyn Yoadan
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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The Kedamaian District in Bandar Lampung City is a densely populated urban area characterized by complex geological settings that are highly susceptible to seismic amplification and geotechnical hazards. Despite its vulnerability, high-resolution characterization of subsurface soft soil deposits in this specific district remains underexplored. The study aims to evaluate local site effects for designing seismic-resistant infrastructures and mitigating geotechnical hazards. This study attempts to locate and determine the characteristics of soft soil deposits in the Kedamaian District, Bandar Lampung City, by means of the HVSR method (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) based on the shear wave velocity distribution result.  Microtremor measurements were taken from 37 points and processed to estimate the amplification factor ( ), dominant frequency of soil deposit ( ), and seismic vulnerability index ( ). HVSR inversion used the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to propose average shear wave velocity down to 30 m depth ( ). Analysis indicated that the amplification values range from 2.31 to 9.11, with most values falling within a moderate level, indicating a moderate local site response. Dominant frequencies range from 0.63 to 18.76 Hz, and higher  values are characteristic of more compact and/or complex rock formations, whilst lower  values correspond to thicker sediments. Values of the seismic vulnerability index range from 0.48 to 119.24 s, with most sites showing a high seismic vulnerability related to the combined effect of high amplification and low dominant frequency. The distribution suggests that the study region consists predominantly of soft soils (type E) with  ranging from 80.9 to 132.6 m/s, interspersed with medium soils (type D) and less abundant hard rocks (type C). The results show that the Kedamaian is primarily covered with soft sediment formations, which have the potential to enhance strong ground motion during seismic events, as well as for a geotechnical investigation database and hazard assessment of earthquake activities and urban development within the region.
Comparison of Liquefaction Potential Analysis Methods Based on CPTu data on Reclamation Island, Pantai Indah Kapuk, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia Rahman, Erfandi; Sadisun, Imam Ahmad; Dinata, Indra Andra
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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Liquefaction analysis in reclaimed areas has been intensively conducted because reclamation materials are generally non-cohesive and susceptible to liquefaction. Indonesia, known as the “Ring of Fire,” has high seismic potential that can trigger liquefaction. The cone penetration test (CPT) is one of the methods used to obtain subsurface soil layer data, which are subsequently applied for liquefaction analysis and evaluation of the geological conditions of the study area. This study compares three currently developing methods for liquefaction analysis. The results of soil layer analysis in the study area indicate three variations of sediment types, namely sand, silt, and clay. The method proposed by Boulanger and Idriss (2014) yields FS values < 1 for materials with fines content (FC) greater than 30%, which are considered susceptible to liquefaction. In contrast, the Robertson (2009) method also produces FS values < 1 for materials with FC > 30%, while the method proposed by Moss et al. (2006) results in FS values > 1 for materials with FC < 30%. The comparison of the three methods generally shows that the study area has a high liquefaction potential in clean sand materials at depths ranging from 4.5 to 15 m below the ground surface.
Morphotectonic Identification of the Active Ransiki Fault Zone as a Source of Shallow Seismicity in South Manokwari, West Papua: Integrating Stream Length–Gradient Index and Lineament Analysis Tandirerung, Restu; Alzair, Nur
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Article in Press - JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
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The Ransiki area, which is in South Manokwari, West Papua, lies in a tectonically active transition zone related to the oblique convergence between the Indo-Australian and Pacific plates. Although shallow seismic activity has already been detected, the geometry and seismo-tectonic behavior of local fault structures have not been characterized yet. This work aims to explore the morphotectonic framework of the region by combining quantitative geomorphic indices and structural evidence. From 8–30 m resolution DEMNAS data multi-azimuth lineaments were extracted and Stream Length–Gradient Index (SLI) was derived on 42 river segments. The distribution of lineament density and SLI anomalies were correlated using Pearson coefficient and verified with field observation of fault scarps, triangular facets and slickensides. The results show relevant NNW–SSE lineaments (N330°-N340°E) having high local SLI values (>500) that are more concentrated in the eastern sector of Ransiki. Field evidences evidence envisage an active sinistral strike-slip deformation along this trend. These combined geomorphic- and structural-based indicators attest the actively deforming character of the Ransiki Fault Zone as a transpressional shear corridor that transfers deformation between the Sorong Fault System and the Arfak upliftement. The methodology applied in this case study offers an efficient tool to identify active faults in tropical regions with sparse geophysical ground data and provides valuable input for seismic hazard assessment in eastern Indonesia.

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