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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)" : 12 Documents clear
Gynecological and breast cancer risk factors and screenings in lesbian and bisexual women Nuriye BÜYÜKKAYACI DUMAN; Fatma Yildirim
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

It is estimated that individuals with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, intersexual, and other sexual tendencies make up approximately 3-12% of the world population. The proportion of lesbian and bisexual women (LBW) varies between 1-20% of all women. Studies on the subject show that risk factors for gynecological malignancies and breast cancer are more common in lesbian and bisexual women than in heterosexual women. In LBW, it is reported that obesity or high body mass index, inactivity, smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, stress, anxiety disorders, depression, and sexually transmitted diseases are more common than in heterosexual women. In addition, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as genital herpes, human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, hepatitis A, syphilis, and HIV disease, that can be transmitted by homosexual relationships, are also common in these women. It is known that genital herpes and HPV are important risk factors especially in the development of cervical cancer. In addition, breastfeeding rates and lactation periods are known to have protective effects against gynecological malignancies and lactation periods are known to have protective effects against breast cancer. This review aims to discuss gynecological malignancy and breast cancer incidence in LBW and the risk factors for these cancers according to current literature. In this context, a total of 340 articles were accessed by entering keywords related to the subject in the PubMed database and analyzed according to their titles and abstracts, while duplicates were removed. However, reviews, qualitative studies, and summaries were not included in the study. A total of 23 research articles were examined, published between 2012-2022, whose full text can be accessed through the PubMed database, investigating gynecological cancer and breast cancer risk factors and screenings in LBW.  
Long-COVID neurological symptoms are associated with D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients Diah Kurnia Mirawati; Pepi Budianto; Rivan Danuaji; Subandi Subandi; Ira Ristinawati; Hanindia Riani Prabaningtyas
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.169-175

Abstract

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease designated as a global pandemic by the WHO that can manifest clinically as neurological disorders that can occur in the acute phase or after the acute phase (long COVID-19), such as headache, myalgia, anosmia, and cognitive impairment. These neurological disorders as symptoms of long COVID-19 are presumably caused by hypercoagulable conditions characterized by an increase in D-dimer level. This study aims to determine the correlation of long COVID-19 neurological symptoms with hypercoagulable conditions and the role of D-dimer as a biomarker of long COVID-19 neurological symptoms. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving 31 patients with long COVID-19 symptoms. Admitted long COVID-19 cases with recorded D-dimer levels and definitive outcomes were included consecutively. Long COVID-19 neurological symptoms were collected. D-dimer level was measured using immunofluorescence assay and reported in fibrinogen equivalent units (ìg/mL). The correlation between D-dimer levels and neurological clinical manifestations was assessed by using ordinal regression analysis. The p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultsThe mean age of the subjects was 38.81 ± 11.58 years and 18 (58.06%) were female. Long COVID neurological symptoms comprised myalgia, anosmia and cephalgia, and most subjects complained of myalgia (80.65%). On multivariable analysis, long-COVID-19 neurological symptoms were significantly correlated with D-dimer [odds ratio (OR) = 1.05; p=0.020]. ConclusionThe number of neurological long COVID symptoms were significantly correlated with level of D-Dimer. Ultimately, more clarity is needed on the neurological impact of COVID-19, its diagnosis, and its treatment.
Delayed asymptomatic blunt traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: an unusual case report Cylla Revata; Mulia Rahmansyah
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.176-183

Abstract

IntroductionTraumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is uncommon, being encountered in around 0.8%-8% of patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Severe comorbidities such as fractures and thoraco-abdominal or head injuries that accompany TDH, are responsible for poor prognosis and often mask diaphragmatic injury itself. Objective of this case report was to highlight rare blunt TDH case to avoid missed diagnosis leading to complications. Case descriptionSixty seven-year old man presenting with right chest pain without difficulty of breathing after falling from stairs 1 hour before hospital admission. On clinical examination, vitals were stable, but with decreased breath sounds on right lower side of chest. Patient had history of trauma from being crushed by elevator 40 years ago without any proven diaphragmatic injury. Initial erect chest X-ray findings were inhomogeneous opacity shadow on lower right hemithorax suspected to be diaphragmatic hernia and 7th right rib fracture with pleural effusion. Thorax CT scan showed herniated right lobe of liver, gall bladder, and mesenteric fat on right hemithorax causing displacement of mediastinal structures. Patient was diagnosed with delayed TDH and hemothorax caused by newly fractured rib. Patient was referred to a better-equipped facility due to the limited surgical facilities in referring hospital. ConclusionDelayed TDHs are not common, but can lead to serious consequences. Blunt TDH occurs more often on left than on right side, in ratio of approximately 3:1. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is sometimes diagnosed many years after traumatic event due to latent phase of disease possibly ranging from days to years.
The protective effect of celery ethanol extract on oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease rat model Afifah Afifah; Fajar Wahyu Pribadi; Aulia Salsabiela; Dimo Hari Anggara; Zahra Muthmainnah Komara; Robby Al Fauzy
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.114-120

Abstract

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem in which oxidative stress plays an important role. Oxidative stress is an imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense, where antioxidants have the potential to inhibit CKD progression. Celery contains several substances that have an antioxidant effect. This study aimed to evaluate the administration of celery ethanol extract in the prevention of the progressive damage in CKD caused by oxidative stress in male rats. MethodsTwenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation (SO, n=4), subtotal nephrectomy (SN, n=4), SN+celery ethanol extract 200 mg/kg BW (SN+S1, n=4), SN+celery ethanol extract 250 mg/kg BW (SN+S2, n=4), SN+celery ethanol extract 300 mg/kg BW (SN+S3, n=4). The celery ethanol extract was given for 14 days before induction of CKD and 21 days after induction of the CKD rat model. Serum creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were examined in this study. Data were analyzed by One way ANOVA followed by LSD test for creatinine, MDA, SOD, and Kruskal Wallis test for GSH. ResultsThere were significant between-group differences in serum creatinine, SOD, and MDA (p<0.05), but not in GSH (p>0.05). The administration of celery ethanol extract at 250 mg/kg BW was the most effective in preventing an increase in MDA and a decrease in SOD and GSH. ConclusionCelery ethanol extract has the potential to prevent oxidative stress in the CKD rat model.
The role of molecular pathology in the precision diagnosis and subclassification of hepatocellular carcinoma Kathryn Effendi; Wit Thun Kwa; Akihisa Ueno; Michiie Sakamoto
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.194-206

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer death worldwide despite recent advances in surveillance and therapeutic management. The outcomes for HCC patients remain poor, often as a result of late diagnosis or lack of effective treatments. Early detection and precise diagnosis are evidently crucial in improving the prognosis of HCC. However, HCC is a highly heterogeneous cancer with various clinical backgrounds and altered molecular pathways; these factors make its precise diagnosis more difficult. Approximately 25% of HCCs harbor actionable mutations, which are yet to be translated into clinical practice. In the era of precision medicine, molecular or genomic information are indispensable for HCC diagnosis and prognosis. Exploring genomic alterations has become a requirement for identifying the molecular subtypes of HCC. Recent studies have introduced molecular markers to help identify early HCC and to clarify its multistep process of carcinogenesis. The subclassification of tumors into proliferation class and nonproliferation class HCCs gives pointers to the HCC phenotype and facilitates the selection of appropriate treatments. In this review, we broadly summarize some of the latest insights into HCC subclassification from the perspective of molecular pathology. Immunohistochemistry-based subclassification allows improved characterization of HCC in daily clinical practice. Moreover, analysis of the immune microenvironment, intra-tumoral morphological heterogeneity, and imaging features gives additional information regarding the classification of HCC. Combinations of these approaches are expected to inform and advance the precision diagnosis and management of HCC.
Relationship between depression and physical disability by gender among elderly in Indonesia Ana Satria; Yeni Yeni; Hairil Akbar; Henny Kaseger; Linda Suwarni; Abubakar Yakubu Abbani; Maretalinia Maretalinia
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.104-113

Abstract

BackgroundThe increasing population of older people can be a positive impact if they could be productive, or it could be negative as a burden if they depend on others. Elderly with physical disabilities can be influenced by various factors, including depression, which can be caused by functional changes in the body due to aging, loss of work, or even the loss of a loved one. This study aimed to determine the relationship between depression and physical disabilities among the elderly in Indonesia who were stratified by gender. MethodsA cross-sectional study using a national survey dataset namely Basic Health Survey and Socio-Economic Survey for 2018 involving 85,427 elderly. Depression and disability were assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Barthel Index. Chi-Square test and multiple binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. ResultsThe results revealed that 24.75% of elderly people experienced physical disabilities. The probability of males and females with depression having physical disabilities was respectively 2.95 (95% CI = 2.74-3.17) and 2.49 (95% CI = 2.36-2.64) times higher compared to those without depression. The interaction between depression and gender was statistically significant, in that females with depression had an 11% probability of having physical disability. ConclusionThis study reaffirmed that disability is a risk factor for depression in the elderly and female gender is the effect modifier rather than the risk factor. The male depression group showed more physical disability symptoms than the female depression group. There is collaboration from various sectors to prevent depression and physical disabilities.  
The effect of purple passion fruit juice on superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels in hypercholesterolemic rats Alfi Muntafiah; Johanes Hasian Siahaan; Sofyan Hardi; Dody Novrial; Hernayanti Hernayanti
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.139-148

Abstract

BackgroundHypercholesterolemia due to a high cholesterol diet can increase free radicals resulting in oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) have been used as the study markers of oxidative stress in cases of hypercholesterolemia. Purple passion fruit contains various compounds that may reduce free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effect of purple passion fruit juice on SOD and MDA levels in hypercholesterolemic rats. MethodsAn experimental analysis with post-test only control group design involving 28 male Wistar rats. They were divided into 4 groups: normal control (K1), hypercholesterolemic control (K2), purple passion fruit juice treatment at 4.2 mL/200 gBW/day (K3), and simvastatin treatment at 0.018 mg/200 gBW/day (K4). The purple passion fruit juice at 4.2 mL/200 gBW/day was administered for 14 days. SOD levels were examined by enzymatic colorimetric methods using the Ransod kit and MDA levels by the TBARS method. ResultsThe Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in SOD levels between the tested groups (p<0.05). One-way ANOVA test for MDA levels showed a significant difference (p<0.05). Post Hoc test (Mann-Whitney for SOD and LSD for MDA levels) also showed significant differences: K1 vs. K2, K2 vs. K3, K2 vs. K4, and K3 vs. K4 (p<0.05). ConclusionThis study demonstrated that purple passion fruit juice significantly increases the SOD and lowers the MDA level in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats. Consumption of purple passion fruit juice may help to modulate oxidative stress caused by hypercholesterolemia in rats.
Microbiological profile of diabetic foot infections and the detection of mecA gene in predominant Staphylococcus aureus Ponmurugan Karuppiah; Suresh S. S. Raja; Muhammad Musthafa Poyil
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.121-128

Abstract

BACKGROUNDDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious health problem that is rapidly expanding worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium which has a number of drug resistant strains. Different variants of this pathogen have been isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers - in persons having uncontrolled blood sugar level - all over the world, resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic foot infections (DFIs). METHODS An epidemiological survey was conducted and 300 pus samples were collected from wounds, abscesses, skin and soft tissue lesions of patients having type II diabetes with foot ulcer infections at a tertiary care hospital. Further, the antibacterial susceptibility patterns of all the isolated Staphylococcus aureus were determined against methicillin, oxacillin, vancomycin and novobiocin. RESULTS Pathogenic bacterial species including coagulase positive and coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Citrobacter sp. were identified, among which Staphylococcus was the main genus identified. A total of 13 (4.3%) isolates of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to methicillin. Using PCR, 7 (53.8%) staphylococcal isolates were detected with the mecA gene. CONCLUSIONStaphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of DFIs. This study demonstrates that about 53.8% of all methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates have mecA genes. Such a finding is the primary step in understanding and tackling the resistance mechanism.
Reflections on the concept of sedentary behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic Leandro Dragueta Delfino
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.101-103

Abstract

Highest economic status increases risk of cesarean section in women of childbearing age Haerawati Idris; Rini Anggraini
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.129-138

Abstract

BACKGROUNDCesarean section (CS) rates that are higher than the WHO recommendation may pose morbidity and mortality risks for both mother and child. In recent years, the number of CS deliveries has been increasing in developed and developing countries. The aim of the present study was to determine the rate of CS delivery and socioeconomic and demographic factors as risk factors of cesarean delivery in women of childbearing age. METHODSThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (IDHS). The research subjects were 14,724 women of childbearing age aged 15-49 years who had given birth and met the inclusion criteria. The rate of CS was determined and the associations between independent and dependent variables were explored using logistic regression. RESULTSThe CS rate was 17.9%. Variables that had a significant relationship with cesarean delivery were geographic region, economic status, occupation, education, birth attendant, insurance ownership and antenatal care visits. The most dominant influencing variable was the highest economic status (OR 3.566; 95% CI: 2.857-4.452). Respondents with the highest economic status had a 3.5 times greater risk of having a cesarean delivery than subjects with the lowest economic status after controlling for the other variables. CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that the highest economic status increased the risk of CS delivery in women of childbearing age. The current epidemiological findings and evidence suggest adopting and implementing some strict guidelines in the health system to avoid unnecessary delivery by CS.

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