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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
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Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)" : 14 Documents clear
Effect of hypnotherapy on prolactin level in women after cesarean section Supriyadi Hari Respati; Risang Bhaskoro; Eric Edwin Yuliantara; Uki Retno Budihastuti; Debree Septiawan
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.6-11

Abstract

BackgroundPostpartum depression occurs in women after cesarean section, due to increased cortisol and decreased prolactin levels, leading to delayed breast milk production. Hypnotherapy is one of the most effective and efficient complementary therapy options for reducing postpartum depression. Hypnotherapy increases oxytocin secretion from the paraventricular nucleus of the anterior pituitary gland, decreases cortisol levels, and increases prolactin, thereby increasing breast milk production. This study evaluates hypnotherapy’s effect on prolactin levels after a cesarean section. MethodsThis study was an experimental non-blinded randomized controlled trial with a post-test-only control group design conducted at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital and UNS hospital. A total of 20 post-cesarean -section women were included in the study. They were randomized into two groups, a group I: given hypnotherapy, and group 2: the control group (without hypnotherapy). Both groups were tested for prolactin levels. Group I received hypnotherapy 6 to 12 hours post-cesarean section, and study participants were confirmed to be unaffected by the anesthetic. Data analysis used the independent t-test and p<0.05. ResultsAt baseline, there was no significant difference in age, parity, and indication for cesarean section between the hypnotherapy and the control groups (p>0.05). After intervention, the mean prolactin level was higher in the hypnotherapy group (247.6 ± 81.1 ng/mL) compared to the control group (120.1 ± 55.4 ng/mL) (p<0.001). ConclusionHypnotherapy increases post-cesarean prolactin levels compared to the controls. Our findings open up a wide range of potential hypnotic applications among women with postpartum depression.
COVID-19 and the ageing immune system in an elderly patient : a case report I Gusti Putu Suka Aryana; Ida Ayu Pradnya Paramita
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.101-107

Abstract

BackgroundThe severity of COVID-19 infection has an increasing trend in the elderly, which contributes to the high morbidity and mortality rates in this population. Aging itself is a prominent risk factor for severe disease and death from COVID-19. Case DescriptionThis case report a 71-year-old woman who complained of shortness of breath for 3 days before being admitted to the hospital. Bilateral consolidation and increased bronchovascular pattern were found on chest radiograph, and a positive SARS-COV2 nasopharyngeal swab PCR test result was noted. This patient was diagnosed with confirmed severe manifestation of COVID-19, community-acquired pneumonia and type 1 respiratory failure, as well as type II diabetes mellitus and suspicion of acute gastritis. The results of the geriatric status assessment were moderate functional status, risk of malnutrition, and moderate risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This patient underwent treatment in accordance with the COVID-19 protocol along with management for geriatric status improvement. The patient was given permission to return home after 14 days of treatment, during which time her health had improved and her functional status had changed to moderate dependency. During follow-up, the patient continued to receive therapy. She is still being observed and future evaluations will be conducted. ConclusionThe increased susceptibility of the elderly to COVID-19 infection is caused by various factors. A burden of death and long-term disability brought on by this pandemic may be lessened by new or modified therapies that target aging-associated mechanisms. Therefore, COVID-19 case management in this population should be done with a comprehensive approach.
Determinants of coronary heart disease among adults: a case-control study Sudikno Sudikno; Srilaning Driyah; Julianty Pradono
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.41-51

Abstract

BackgroundAccording to recent World Health Organization data, coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Although the risk factors of this disease are well known, the strength of these factors varies in different populations. The aim of the study was to assess the determinants of CHD in Indonesian adults aged 25 years and over. MethodsA case–control study was carried out involving 592 subjects aged 25 years and over (444 controls and 148 cases). Participants were interviewed using validated questionnaires. Physical examinations and supporting examinations were conducted. The Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test, and independent t test were used to analyze the data. To determine independent predictors of CHD, the odds ratio (OR) was determined via the multiple logistic regressions test. ResultsThe CHD subjects (case group) showed higher blood sugar and systolic pressure than non-CHD subjects (controls), with mean fasting blood sugar of 92.53±27.05 mg/dL vs 88.29 ±23.43 mg/dL (p=0.038), 2-hour postprandial blood sugar of 133.15±65.09 mg/dL vs 120.87±44.60 mg/dL (p=0.000), and systolic blood pressure of 89±27.62 mmHg vs 129.98±10.58 mmHg (p=0.002). The logistic regression analysis in the case group showed that higher education (college) had a 2.32-fold greater effect (95% CI. 1.01-5.35) on CHD incidence compared to the control group. ConclusionsThis study has demonstrated that the most frequent risk factor for CVD in adults aged 25 years and over is higher education. Control and prevention of CHD need to be done with regular control of blood sugar levels and blood pressure to stabilize them within normal limits.
Nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practices related to physical restraint: the case from Turkey Selen OZAKAR AKCA; Ahu Pınar TURAN
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.12-20

Abstract

BackgroundNurses are primarily for the care of patients and should ensure that physical restraint, which has many negative consequences, be applied according to standard practice. Therefore, they should have knowledge about physical restraint and apply physical restraint by observing existing laws and ethical principles. This study aimed to determine the knowledge level, attitude and practices of pediatric nurses on physical restraint and identify the factors influencing physical restraint use. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 150 pediatric nurses working in the pediatric clinic of a training and research hospital. The data were collected with an information form containing the introductory characteristics of the nurses and the Level of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Staff Regarding Physical Restraints Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. ResultsOverall, nurses had good restraint-related knowledge with positive attitudes, although the physical restraint practices of nurses were not the best and there were some deficiencies. A statistically non-significant difference was found between age, gender, education status, nurses' work unit, and training status regarding physical restraint on the one hand and knowledge, attitude and practice scores relating to the use of physical restraints on the other (p>0.05). ConclusionsPediatric nurses' level of knowledge about physical restraint was quite good and their attitudes were positive. However, there were some deficiencies in their practices. Future training should therefore be emphasized to enhance nurses' ethical and sensitive thinking, increase their competence in applying physical restraint and working with patients.
Resistance genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to cefixime and azithromycin Louisa Ivana Utami; Yeva Rosana
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.108-118

Abstract

Gonorrhea is the second most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection (STI), following Chlamydia. Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistant to antibiotics are increasing globally in the world. In recent years, many studies have reported reduced susceptibility of N.gonorrhoeae to almost all clinically useful antibiotics and also reported cases of multi-resistance. Resistance mechanisms for N. gonorrhoeae can occur through genetic and non-genetic changes. Resistance to cefixime and azithromycin as first-line antibiotics for monotherapy recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) has been reported from several countries. Genetic changes were reported as the main cause of N.gonorrhoeae resistance to cefixime and azithromycin. Based on the WHO and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations, countries are increasingly using a combination of cephalosporin and azithromycin for the treatment of gonorrhea. The aim of this review is to analyze genetic variation of N.gonorrhoeae resistance to cefixime and azithromycin. Articles published in English in the last 12 years (from 2010 to 2021) were retrieved from Science Direct, PubMed, Springerlink, Oxford and Nature using relevant searching terms. Mutants of cefixime-resistant N.gonorrhoeae are mediated by mosaic and non-mosaic penA genes encoding penicillin binding protein 2. In addition, mutations in the repressor and promoter genes of mtrR were also found that caused overexpression of the microbial efflux pump. Meanwhile, N. gonorrhoeae resistance to azithromycin reportedly occurs through two strategies, namely overexpression of the efflux pump (mutation of the mtrR codon region) and decreased affinity for antibiotics (single base mutation in the 23S rRNA gene). With the limited choice of antibiotics for the management of N.gonorrhoeae, it is necessary to do regular surveillance for monitoring drug resistance. By understanding the mechanism of resistance, the use of these antibiotics can be rationally optimized.
Hepatoprotective activity of Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver faiure in Wistar rats Rachellicya Ristioni Sihaloho; Chodijah Chodijah; Titiek Sumarawati; Joko Wahyu Wibowo; Siti Thomas Zulaikhah; Agung Putra; Nurul Hidayah; Shabrina Syifa Ghaissani; Mohammad Ariq Nazar
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.61-69

Abstract

Background Acute liver failure (ALF) is a state of rapid and progressive deterioration of liver function. Continuous exposure to chemicals and viruses can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) which leads to prolonged inflammation due to the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-á) thus inhibiting the production of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of administration of Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit extract on PDGF levels and TNF-á levels in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced ALF rats. MethodsThis study used a post-test-only control group design involving 20 Wistar rats. They were randomized into 4 groups, namely sham, control, T1, and T2. Group T1 was exposed to CCl4 with the administration of A. bilimbi fruit extract at a dose of 500mg/kgBW, while, group T2 was exposed to CCl4 and given A. bilimbi fruit extract of 750 mg/kgBW. On the 15th day, the serum was analyzed to determine the levels of PDGF and TNF-á using ELISA. ResultsThe highest mean PDGF level in the control group was 146.60±15.36 pg/mL, while the highest mean TNF-á level in group T1 was 40.11±4.44 pg/mL. The One-way ANOVA test showed that there were significant differences in TNF-á (p=0.002) and PDGF (p=0.000) levels between the study groups. ConclusionThe administration of A.bilimbi L. fruit extract affected PDGF and TNF-á levels in CCl4-induced ALF rats. The present study revealed that A. bilimbi fruits have significant hepatoprotective activity in experimental Wistar rats.
Headache in healthcare workers related to personal protective equipment use in COVID-19 referral hospital Ida Ayu Sri Wijayanti; Ni Putu Ayu Putri Mahadewi; Putu Gede Sudira; Kumara Tini; Ni Made Susilawathi; I Made Oka Adnyana
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.52-60

Abstract

BackgroundStudies show that wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) for long periods of time can lead to discomfort such as headaches, which could affect the performance of healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of headaches related to PPE in healthcare workers at a COVID-19 referral hospital. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 174 healthcare workers in a COVID-19 referral hospital in Bali. We conducted interviews using a questionnaire that consisted of three main parts: characteristics of the subjects, PPE usage, and PPE-associated headaches. A multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data. ResultsThe analysis results showed that the PPE-associated headaches had a prevalence of 63.8% and were gradual in onset, pressure-like in quality (46%), and mild in intensity (80.1%). PPE level III-associated headache was the most common type. The majority of the participants had headaches up to 6 hours after using the protective gear, but improving within 15-30 minutes of removal and/or after pharmacotherapy. A Chi-squared analysis showed a statistically significant association between duration of PPE use, working units, and PPE levels (p<0.05). A logistic regression analysis found a significant relationship between PPE level and headache occurrence (OR=4.826;95%CI: 2.433-9.572; p<0.001). ConclusionThe frequency of PPE-associated headache was high and the PPE level was a risk factor of headache among healthcare workers. Better strategies are needed to reduce the duration of PPE exposure so that the work performance and quality of life of healthcare workers are not significantly affected.
Resveratrol protects against copper and iron toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster Osaretin Godwin Igharo; Lucky Osemu EBALUEGBEIFOH; Godwin Aigbedo AIKPITANYI-IDUITUA; Henry Uzor OSHILONYAH; Idris Babatunde MOMODU
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.29-40

Abstract

BackgroundCopper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are essential trace elements that when in excess are capable of causing cytotoxic effects leading to lipid peroxidation and promoting oxidative stress. Resveratrol (RES) is a natural polyphenol with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was carried out to evaluate the protective role of RES in Fe and Cu sulphate-induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. MethodsAdult wild type flies were fed Cu2+ and Fe2+ (1 mM each) and/or RES (30 and 60 mg/kg diet) for 7 days. Survival, negative geotaxis and emergence rate were evaluated by daily recording of fruit fly mortality and final analysis. Fruit flies were anaesthetized using CO2 gas, homogenized and centrifuged at 4,000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4 °C. Aliquots of the supernatants were used for the estimation of biochemical markers using spectrophotometry. ResultsFruit flies co-treated with FeSO4 + CuSO4 (1 mM each) + RES (30 and 60 mg/Kg) significantly elevated H2O2, NO, lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase as well as GSH, GST, catalase and total thiols (p<0.05) compared with the Cu2+ + Fe2+ (1mM each) treated group. Flies co-treated with FeSO4 + CuSO4 (1mM each) + RES (30 and 60mg/Kg) also had significantly improved (p< 0.05) eclosion and climbing rates compared with the Cu2+ + Fe2+ (1mM each) treated group. ConclusionThis study demonstrated that RES reduced Cu2+ and Fe2+-induced radical generation in D. melanogaster and improved the antioxidant buffering capability of the flies. Therefore, RES could be used in management of disorders involving oxidative stress.
Emotional eating in relation to gastrointestinal symptoms and burnout among young women during the pandemic Gulay YILMAZEL; Emre Keles; Nur Pinar Ayaz
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.21-28

Abstract

BackgroundThe emergence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), created unique constraints in everyday life. Emotional eating is a known phenomenon in disasters and is markedly associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. In this study, the aim was to assess the relationship of gastrointestinal symptom severity and COVID-19 burnout with emotional eating among young women during the pandemic disaster. MethodsA cross-sectional study approach was used to allow 462 young women participants in this study. The design of the questionnaires was based on demographics, health behaviors, Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Scale, Emotional Eating Scale and COVID-19 Burnout Scale. Data were analyzed using percentages, mean values, independent t-test, chi-squared test. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed for predicting risk factors of emotional eating. Significance levels were set at the 5% level. ResultsOf the women, 73.8% were emotional eaters. The level of COVID-19 burnout was moderate with mean score of 29.4±11.1 and emotional eating total score was 21.0±8.1. Increased number of meals, increased weight gain and shorter sleep time were significantly associated with emotional eating (p<0.05). Participants with more than three meals per day were more likely to be emotional eaters (Beta=4.26). The regression model showed that indigestion and COVID-19 burnout were strong risk factors of emotinal eating (p<0.05). ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that indigestion and COVID-19 burnout were strong risk factors of emotinal eating. Emotional eating could pose an additional health burden to young women in the form of poor food choices.
Potential role of probiotic supplementation in cognitive improvement and other metabolic biomarkers Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.1-3

Abstract

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