Paediatrica Indonesiana
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Articles
2,114 Documents
Growth velocity in elementary school children with iron deficiency anemia after iron therapy
Dina Lyfia;
Melda Deliana;
Hakimi Hakimi;
Nelly Rosdiana;
Bidasari Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 49 No 5 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi49.5.2009.249-52
Background Iron supplementation in children with iron deficiencyanemia could decrease the incidence of stunting.Objective To study the effect of iron therapy on growth velocityin children with iron deficiency anemia.Methods A randomized clinical trial study was conducted atLabuhan Batu on November 2006 to May 2007. Iron deficiencyanemia was diagnosed if there were anemia, with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration <31 %, red cell distribution width index > 220, and Mentzer index> 13. Elementary school children (6-12 year old) with iron deficiency anemia were randomly assigned either to iron therapy group (children were given 6 mg iron/kg/day) or to placebo group for 3 months.Results Among 300 children recruited, there were 125 children,who suffered from iron deficiency anemia. After one month ofiron therapy, means of hemoglobin concentration were 12.4 g/dl in iron group and 11.7 g/dl in placebo group. There was a significant increase of height in iron group (129.9 (SD 7.58) em vs. 132.2 (SD 7.23) em) and in placebo (130.8 (SD 8.78) em vs. 128.7 (SD 8. 79) em), However, no significant difference was found in the mean of growth velocity between placebo and iron groups (2.1 (SD 0.01) em vs. 2.0 (SD 0.9) em.Conclusion There is a significant increase in height, but nosignificant difference between both groups in growth velocity.
Uric acid and blood pressures in low birth weight 7-year-olds
Paulus Linardi;
Adrian Umboh;
Suryadi NN Tatura
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 2 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi54.2.2014.114-7
Background Low birth weight (LBW) has been associated withincreased cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, duringadulthood. Nephrogenesis impairment in LBW may lead to anincrease of uric acid and hypertension.Objective To assess for a correlation between uric acid and bloodpressures in LBW children.Methods This study was conducted from January to April 20 12.A comparative and correlative analytic-observational study with across-sectional method was done in children aged 7-8 years, bornat Prof. Dr. RD Kandou General Hospital and living in Manado.Forty-eight LBW children and 48 normal birth weight (NBW)children were included in this study. All children underwent uricacid level and blood pressures measurements.Results Mean uric acid level in LBW children was significantlyhigher than in NBW children (P = 0.001) . There was no correlationbetween uric acid and blood pressures in LBW children(r=0.13,P> 0.05 for systolic blood pressure; r=0.05, P> 0.05 for diastolicblood pressure).Conclusioru; LBW children have higher uric acid levels thanNBW children, but no correlation is found between uric acid leveland blood pressures.
Association between the absence of colostrum feeding and symptoms of intestinal obstruction or neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis
Hananto Wiryo;
M. Hakimi;
A. Samik Wahab;
Pitono Soeparto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 44 No 1 (2004): January 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi44.1.2004.7-11
Objective To assess the relationship between withholding colos-trum and symptoms of intestinal obstruction (SIO) or neonatal ne-crotizing enterocolitis (NNEC).Methods This was a longitudinal cohort study in four subdistrictsin West Lombok involving mothers and live newborns. Motherswere interviewed about prenatal care, delivery process, and prac-tice of colostrum feedings. Neonates were followed everyday for28 days by field assistants for signs of intestinal obstruction orNNEC. We used X 2 test to analyze the association between theabsence of colostrum feeding and the occurence of SIO and stu-dent t test to compare the average of colostrum feeding betweenthe SIO and the non-SIO group.Results 3420 live newborns between 1993-1994 were observed.1900 mothers gave colostrum while 1520 did not. The incidence ofSIO was 1.8%. There was a significant association between theabsence of colostrum feeding and the occurence of the SIO (RR1.816; 95%CI 1.08-3.06; p=0.028). No infants with NNEC weregiven colostrum.Conclusion The absence of colostrum feeding is an importantrisk factor for the occurence of SIO and NNEC in neonates
Relationship between ionized calcium and serum albumin level in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Viiola Irene Winata;
Dida Akhmad Gurnida;
Nanan Sekarwana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi50.6.2010.361-4
Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) patients frequently have abnormalities in calcium metabolism that manifest as hypocalcemia and reduced intestinal absorption of calcium. Hypocalcemia is initially attributed to hypoalbuminemia but it may also relate to a low level of ionized calcium. The ionized calcium level depends on the severity and duration of proteinuria.Objective To assess the rel ationship between ionized calcium and serum albumin level in idiopathic NS children.Methods An analytical study with cross-sectional design was applied to NS and healthy children between 1-14 years old in the Child Health Department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung from December 2009 to April 2010. Ionized calcium was examined by Ca2 + analyzer AVL 980 with ion-selective electrodes (ISE) methods.Results A total of34 subjects were recruited, consist of 17 NS and 17 healthy children. The mean ionized calcium and serum albumin level in NS children was 4.56 (SD 0.23) mg/dLand 1.45 (SD 0.24) g/dL, respectively. Statistical difference between ionized calcium level in NS and in healthy children was significant (P<0.05). Pearson correlation test between ionized calcium and serum albumin was significant (P<0.05) with correlation coefficient (r) 0.53. We found the following equation to estimate ionized calcium (y) based on the serum albumin level (x): y=3.84+0.49x.Conclusion There is a moderately positive linear relationship between ionized calcium and serum albumin level in NS children.
Effect of oral administration of probiotics on intestinal colonization with drug-resistant bacteria in preterm infants
Abdullah Kurt;
Deniz Anuk Ince;
AyÅŸe Ecevit;
Özlem Kurt Azap;
Zafer Ecevit;
Ersin Öğüş;
Ali UlaÅŸ TuÄŸcu;
Aylin Tarcan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 2 (2017): March 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi57.2.2017.91-8
Background Oral administration of probiotics in newborn preterm infants has been shown to be helpful, especially ın reducıng the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and overall mortality rates.Objective To evaluate the effect of probıotıc supplementation on ıntestınal colonization by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in preterm infants receiving antibiotics in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods The prospective, randomized trial was performed ın preterm infants who were hospitalized in the NICU at Baskent University Ankara Hospital between January 2011 and February 2012. A total of 51 infants were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group 1 (n=27) received probiotic therapy and Group 2 (n=24) did not receive probiotics. The probiotic used was Lactobacillus reuteri (Biogaia® AB, Sweden). Subjects underwent weekly nasal swab and stool cultures for a maxımum of 6 weeks, and at the tıme of dıscharge ıf thıs was prıor to 6 weeks. All posıtıve cultures were further tested for culture-specıfıc ıdentıfıcatıon and antıbıotıc suceptibility.Results  A total of 607 cultures were evaluated. Posıtıve cultures were found ın 37.9% from Group 1 and 35.2% from Group 2. Intestınal colonızatıon by antıbıotıc-resıstant bacterıa dıd not sıgnıfıcantly dıffer between groups (P>0.05).                                                                                                                         Conclusions Oral supplementation with probiotics do not prevent the intestınal colonization of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in preterm NICU patıents who receıved antıbıotıc treatment.
Malariometric Survey Among Elementary School Children Aged 6-9 Years in Sangihe Besar
Laurentz R.;
Paul S. Manoempil
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 5-6 (1996): May - June 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.5-6.1996.115-20
One of the most common classification of malaria transmission in particular area is based on the levels of endemicity. It could be quantified by determination of chilÂdren with enlarged spleens and parasitemia. A "Cross sectional study" was carried out with the purpose of finding out the proportion of elementary school children aged 6-9 years with enlarged spleen and parasitemia and the influence of frequency of illnesses related to malaria. The samples were selected by basing on "standard cluster sampling technique". Out of 500 elementary school children, the spleen rate, parasite rate and avÂerage of enlarged spleens (AES) were 12.2 %, 8.6 % and 1.49, respectively. The highest spleen rate and parasite rate were found in Manalu subdistrict. There were significantly correlation between enlarged spleens and parasitemia (p < 0.05); parasitaemia and freÂquency of illnesses (p < 0.05); frequency of illnesses and enlarged spleens (p < 0.005).
Characteristics and outcomes of low birth weight infants in Bali
Putu Junara Putra
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 52 No 5 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi52.5.2012.300-3
Background The prevalence and the mortality of low birthweight infants are still high. Low birth weight (LBW) births areresponsible for newborn death. LBW infants are easier to sufferserious health problems and death. Lower infant body weightand younger gestational age are determinants of greater risk ofmortality.Objective To determine the characteristics of LBW infants andtheir outcomes in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar.Methods This prospective study was conducted on all LBWinfants in the nursery from their time of admission until dischargefor the year of 20 11..Results There were 120 LBW infants admitted to SanglahHospital fromJanuary 2011 to December 2011. The prevalenceofLBW was 8.9%. The birth weight group of 1500ô€°2499 gramshad the highest number of infants (79.2%). The gestational agegroup of 33ô€°36 weeks had 53.3% of the infants, while 68.3% ofthe LBW infants were of the appropriate gestational age. Themost common method of delivery was normal spontaneousdelivery (70%). Moderate asphyxia was observed in 25% of thesubjects, while severe asphyxia was observed in 22.5% of subjects.The mortality rate was 24.2%.Conclusions The prevalence of LBW of all newborns in ourhospital was 8.9%. Severe asphyxia was observed in 22.5% ofsubjects. The mortality rate of the LBW infants was 24.2%. OurLBW infants were most cormnonly in the categories of birth weightof 1500ô€°2499 grams, gestational age was between 33ô€°36 weeks,appropriate for gestational age, as well as delivered spontaneously.[Paediatr lndanes. 2012,52:30003].
Nutritional status of soil-transmitted helminthiasis-infected and uninfected children
Nelly Simarmata;
Tiangsa Sembiring;
Muhammad Ali
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 55 No 3 (2015): May 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi55.3.2015.136-41
Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a public health problem in developing countries. Their prevalence is particularly high in rural areas with people of low socioeconomic level. A single or mixed STH infection rarely causes death, but can affect nutritional status, growth, cognitive development and human health, especially in children.Objective To compare the nutritional status of STH-infected and uninfected children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2010 in children from 3 primary schools in the Simpang Empat and Kabanjahe Subdistricts, Karo District, North Sumatera Province. Fecal examinations were done by the Kato-Katz method to diagnose STH infections. Participants of this study consisted of 140 infected children and 141 uninfected children. Nutritional status classification was based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control growth charts. All categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results Of 140 infected children, 8.6% were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 17.1% with Trichuris trichiura and 74.3% with mixed infections (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). We found significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also found significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity.Conclusion We find significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also find significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity. Higher severity of infection is associated with lower nutritional status.
Gastroesophageal reflux in children
Badriul Hegar;
Yvan Vandenplas
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 6 (2011): November 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi51.6.2011.361-71
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the passage of gastric contents into the esophagus and is a normal physiologic process occurring several times per day in healthy individuals. In older children and adolescents, history and physical examination may be sufficient to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Endoscopically-visible breaks in the distal esophageal mucosa are the most reliable evidence of reflux esophagitis. Esophageal pH monitoring quantitatively measures esophageal acid exposure. Combined multiple intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring (MII-pH) measures acidic, weakly acidic, non-acidic and gas reflux episodes. MII-pH is superior to pH monitoring alone for evaluation of the temporal relationship between symptoms and GERER. Barium contrast radiography is not useful for the GERERD diagnosis, but may be used to detect anatomic abnormalities. Parental education, guidance, and support are always required and usually sufficient to manage healthy, thriving infants with symptoms likely due to physiologic GERER. Use of a thickened, commercially available anti-regurgitation formula by preference, may decrease visible regurgitation. Buffering agents, alginate and sucralfate, can be beneficial if used as needed for occasional heartburn. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are superior to histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs).