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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 2,127 Documents

130 131 132 133 134

Nutritional Status of Children in Three Pre-elementary Schools in Medan, North Sumatera Abstract Abdul Gani; Erliana Malik Miraza; Iskandar Z. Lubis; Endang D. Hamid; Sjarjikat Tarigan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 7-8 (1992): July - August 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Anthropometric measurements have been taken on 162 children of Methodist, Dharma Wanita USU and Aisyiah pre-elementary schools in Medan to assess their nutritional status. This study was done cross sectionally from january to February 1990. The nutritional status of those children were then compared among those schools with the assumption that father's income and educational level of mothers were different. By the parameters of W!A, HI A. q.nd WIH it showed that the nutritional status of children in the pre-elementary schools were generally quite good. Using parameters W/A and W/H there was a significant difference between the children in Methodist and in Aisyiah (p <0.001). University graduated mothers could be found in Dharma Wan ita USU, whereas in Methodist and Aisyiah pre-elementary schools the mothers were mostly secondary high school graduates. Father's income above Rp. 150.000,- could be found in Methodist pre-elementary school subsequently followed by Dharma Wanita USU pre-elementary schools, whereas in A isyiah pre-elementary school the father's income was mostly between Rp. 100.000,and Rp. 149.999,-. By using the Water/ow classification we found 9.88% children with acute Protein Calorie Malnutrition, whereas chronic Protein Calorie Malnutrition only 2.46%. The nutritional status of children in the three pre-elementary schools could be concluded as good.

Balinese Mothers Developmental Timetables For Young Children Phoebe Dauz Williams; Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 7-8 (1992): July - August 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Cultures differ from one another in the types of competence that adults encourage in children, the age at which they expect a given skill to be acquired, and the level of proficiency they want children to achieve. The concept of developmental timetables refers to the ages at which parents expect skills to appear in children. The purpose of the study was to investigate the developmental timetables of rural and urban mothers in Bali, Indonesia, and the extent to which motherâ€™s teach children various skills before Kindergarten age. The total sample was 200, 100 rural mothers and 100 urban mothers in the regency of Badung. Mothers responded to a structured questionnaire which was read to them aloud by trained interviewers who then recorded the responses. All the mothers had children between 4-6 years old; equal numbers of male and female children were included, and the entire economic and educational ranges were represented. Results showed that urban and rural mothers differed in their age expectations of children's development. Rural mothers reported wider age ranges as well as older mean ages of skill acquisition by children compared to urban mothers. Furthermore, specific caregiving activities, were performed earlier by urban mothers compared to rural mothers. However, reading the first book to the child was both quite late for urban and rural mothers. The implications of the findings to child development were discussed.

Right Isomerism Ismet N. Oesman; Hindra Irawan S.; Bambang Mardiono; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 7-8 (1992): July - August 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A rare case of complex heart malformatrion with right isomerism in a full-term baby boy which was the first case published in Indonesia is reported. The patient was initially managed as a healthy baby, but on the 20th hours after delivery he repeatedly vomitted, and from the rontgenographic finding diagnosis at that time was duodenal atresia. During the duodenostomy operation the surgeon noticed that the spleen was absent. Cyanosis appeared after operation. Techocardiography and electrocardiography was done immediately, which showed complex cyanotic congenital heart disease. Diagnosis complex cyanotic congenital heart disease with right isomerism then was suspected. Unfortunately the baby died on the 12th day of admission. 1be cause of death was sepsis and anoxia because of complex cyanotic congenital heart disease. Autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis of right isomerism (bilateral trilobes lung, bilateral right atrial appendages).

Morbidity, Growth and Food Intake among the Underfives in Madura, Indonesia Sri Kardjati; Jane A. Kusin; Wilm van Steenbergen; W. N. Schofield
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The relation between common illnesses, growth and breast milk and food intake was assessed in a-longitudinal population based study, covering 300 children, age 0-36 months. Morbidity was quite prevalent with a peak at age 4-24 months. It did, however, not affect the intake of breast milk and the consumption of additional foods in infancy. On the other hand, the daily intake of energy and protein was significantly reduced in older and particularly non-breastfed children. Morbidity explained about 28% of the variance in weight- and height-for-age in children, age 6-18 months. One can conclude that growth faltering early in infancy is primarily of nutritional origin, while at older age it is due to a synergistic effect of inadequate nutrition and morbidity. Anorexia rather than bad feeding habits is the main cause of poor dietary intake during and after illness.

Steatocrit: A Simple Method for Detection Fat Malabsorption Suharyono Suharyono; Hindra Irawan Satari; Agus Firmansyah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Steatocrlt was determined through microcentrifugation of fecal hemogenate from 45 patients with chronic diarrhoea. In the same patients urine materials were collected to determine fat malabsorption using Lipiodol absorption test. There were 28 male and 17 female patients. Severe malabsorption using steatocrit was detected tn 31 patients (68;9%), while LAT determined severe malabsorption in 34 patients (75.5%). The overall sensitivity was 88.2%, and spesificity was 90.9%. Nutritional status did not influence the sensitivity and spesificity of steatocrit. We propose that this simple semiquantitative test can be used as an alternative method for detecting fat malabsorption particularly in laboratories with limited technical expertise.

The Current Prevalence Rate of Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis in lndonesia Sutoto Sutoto; Indriyono Indriyono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Surveys on the prevalence rate of soil-transmitted helminthiasis had been done in Indonesia among 12.100 people in 10 provinces at 15 locations in 1990 and 1991. The surveys were meant to obtain data on the recent prevalence rate of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among primary schoolchildren, population in vital productive areas and general community. The results showed that the prevalence rate of Ascaris lumbricoides ranged from 5. 7% to 69.5%, Trichuris trichiura from 0.8% to 53.0% and hookworm from 0% to 24. 7%. The overall prevalence rate of the respective species were 30. 4%, 21.2% and 6.5%. In general, the data of the prevalence rate of soil-transmitted helminthiasis obtained from the recent surveys were lower than those of the surveys done before 1985.

Intestinal Parasitic Infestation in Children at Three Kindergartens in Medan, North Sumatera Erliana Malik Miraza; Abdul Gani; Mardiana Karim Dj.; Iskandar Z. Lubis; Chairuddin P. Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A descriptive cross sectional study on intestinal parasitic infestation was earned out among children of three kindergartens (Methodist, Dharma Wanita and Aisyiah) in Medan. Of 162 samples of feces examined mixed infestations with Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura was found in 14,25%, single infestations of Trichuris trichiuria in 14,2%, AScaris lumbricoides in 13,0%, H. nana in 1,2% and G. Iamblia in 0,6%. Hookworm infestation was not found among preschool children in all of those three kindergartens.

Gastroenteritis in Patients Hospitalized at the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan Gustina Lubis; Tm. Thaib; Atan Baas Sinuhaji; A. H. Sutanto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

In 1989, oj2350 patients hospitalized in the paediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, 829 (35.3%) were gastroenteritis cases, with male more than female. Most of the patients with gastroenteritis were found in the age group of under 1 years (521 cases = 62.8%). The highest prevalence was found in january, February and March. Mild, moderate and severe dehydration were encountered in 2. 7%, 83.1% and 14.2% cases respectively. Eighty for (10.1%) cases had been treated with oralit before admission. Only 49. 1% of those patients with gastroenteritis under two years of age were breastfed. The patients of under five year old were 791 (95. 4%) cases; 259 (32. 7%) cases were malnourished. The overall mortality rate of these patients with gastroenteritis was 5.9% ( 49 cases). The age specific mortality rate was highest in the age group of 6- 12 months. Usually patients died with gastroenteritis had complications or associated diseases.

Graves' Disease and Diabetes Mellitus M. Suttan Assin; Jusuf Rukman; Jose R. L. Batubara; Purnama Wati S. P.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Thyroid hormones play an important role in the metabolic propesses. Its disturbances will involve several organs, consequently. A 5 year old girl with Graves' diseases, after several weeks of treatment with propylthiouracil (PTV), developed thyrotoxicosis crisis and diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis; a condition which is usually fatal. Treatment toward the hyperthyroid state overcome the diabetic stage, eventually. This report is an example of an endocrinological interaction in a hyperthyroid patient. Therefore, the diabetogenic effect of hyperthyroxinemia should not be overlooked.

Aids in Infants and Children Sunarto Sunarto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 32 No 11-12 (1992): November - December 1992
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Children are infected by HIV, 80% vertically, from HIV infected mothetS mostly near or at delivery. Because heterosexual transmission of HIV among adults is more and more important it is estimated that at the end of this century there will be totally more than 10 million HIV infected children. Three quarters of HIV-infected babies show non specific symptoms at the early phase, including failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, recurrent bacterial injections, mucocutanous infection. Cytotropism of HIV to neroe cells resul.ts tn inflammation, neroe cell damage and neuronal loss. Progressive neurologic abnormalities and developmental milestone regression or developmental retardation will be the results. Pneumocystics carinii infection has worse prognosis than lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia which more commonly occurred in HIV injected children. Diarrhea is a troublesome problem in children with AIDS. Kaposi's sarcoma and secondary cancer are rare in pediatric AIDS. Anemia and thrombocytopenia is common among AIDS children. In developing countries children with AIDS die within the year following the appearance of the symptoms, whereas asymptomatic HIV-injected children will live longer with high risk of recurrent and opportunistic injections. The hallmark of AIDS in children is the same as in adults,iI.e. the decrease of the number and function of CD4 lymphocytes. This in turn influences the junctions of other immunocompetent cells and loss of immunity is the result. Many things are still unexplainable in children AIDS.

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