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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 2,127 Documents

139 140 141 142 143

Nephritogenicity of glomerular basement membrane: a molecular aspect Syarifuddin Rauf
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Glomerular basement membrane (GBM) hasÂ multifunctions. One of its functions is havingÂ nephritogenicitywhich means the ability of an antigen originally from GBM in causing glomerulonephritis, either in experimental animal or in humanÂ being. Recent studies on GBM have revealed that its main component is type IV collagen, consists of 6 differentÂ isoforms, Î±1 (IV) to Î± 6 (IV) chains. Genetic studies show that all of the six Î± chains are encoded by genes located in 2, 13, and X chromosomes. Nephritogenic antigen in GBM has been identified as Î±3, Î±4, Î±5 chains. They are molecules of type IV collagen located in globular domain (NC1 domain) at the carboxyl terminus of the type IV collagen of GBM. They are thought to assemble into a Î±3- Î±4- Î±5 (IV) chain helical molecules in human GBM. Other Î± chains, namely Î±1 and Î±2 chain, are not nephritogenic or poorly nephritogenic, while the Î±6 chain is not located in GBM. TheÂ nephritogenicityÂ of GBM has been elucidated as a cause in experimental anti-GMB nephritis, and in Goodpasture and Alport syndromes.

Natural history of premature thelarche: review of 60 girls Jose R. L. Batubara; Adji Suranto; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Bambang Tridjaja; Aman B. Pulungan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

In Indonesia report on the natural history of premature thelarche is very limited. Daily practice requires physicians to have some basic practical knowledge, among others the natural history of premature thelarche, in order to manage these patients properly. We reviewed data of 85 premature thelarche patients who visited our department from January 1989 until December 1998. Only 60 patients met the study criteria. The mean chronological age of the patients at diagnosis was 43.4 months. About half of these patients (31/60) were diagnosed before they were 2 years old. Half of the patients had bilateral breast involvement. The hormonal pattern showed 24/48 follicle stimulating hormone predominant-response. Most patients (33/47) showed normal plasma estradiol level. Bone age analysis was normal in 46/57 patients, and only 9 showed accelerated bone age. Pelvic ultrasonography showed prepubertal reproduction organs in 26/35. Vaginal smears showed signs of estrogenization with various degree of stimulation in 13 patients. At the end of observation the outcome of premature thelarche were: 31 regressed, 19 persisted, 6 had progressive breast development and 4 progressed to central precocious puberty. The initial clinical and laboratory characteristics of those who developed CPP varied. Among 31 premature thelarche patients who regressed, 21 had onset of breast enlargement before age of 2 years. In most of the regressed patients (20/31), regression occurred completely within the first year. Most premature thelarche patients with onset before 2 years will regress within one year after diagnosis.Â

Serum bilirubin concentration in breast-fed newborn babies at Larantuka General Hospital, East Flores Tri Yasa P.; Abdul Hamid S.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem not only to pediatricians but also to the parents. Breastfeeding is known as one of the factors associated with hyperbilirubinemia. The aim of the study was to determine serum bilirubin concentration and factors related to hyperbilirubinemia in breast-fed newborn babies. AÂ cross sectionalÂ study was done on 45 well babies born at Larantuka General Hospital, East Flores, from August to October 1998. Data including personal data,Â frequencyÂ of breast-feeding, frequency of urination, meconium passage, and weight loss, were collected through questionnaires, presented in tables, and analyzed using chi-square test. The prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia in breast-fed babies was 13%. It was correlated significantly with the frequency of breast-feeding (p<0.01), meconium passage (p<0.02),Â sufficiencyÂ of breast milk (p<0.05), and weight loss (p<0.05). The significant risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were the frequency of breast-feeding, meconium passage, sufficiency of breast milk, and weight loss. Immediate and frequent breast-feedingÂ isÂ recommended for the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Nutritional status and hemoglobin level in elementary schoolchildren Marlina Jumrakh; Iskandar Z. Lubis; Noval Azis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A study was conducted in 1999 to determine nutritional status and hemoglobin level and their correlation among students in two primary schools in at Binjai, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Nutritional status was measured based on weight for age (W/A), height for age (H/A) and weight for height (W/H) according to NCHS criteria. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level of less than 12 g/dl as measured with cyanmethemoglobin. Ninety-six children were available for analysis. We found that based on W/A, H/A and W/H, there were 23 (23%), 16 (17%), 11 (12%) of children suffered from protein energy malnutrition (PEM), respectively. There were 48 (50%) children with anemia. Children with PEM and anemia were 13 (59%), 9 (56%) and 9 (82%) respectively. In conclusion we found that not all of new students in those primary schools were healthy. There was correlation between anemia and PEM based on W/H measurement, but not when compared to W/A and H/A criteria.

Factors affecting school performance in children with rheumatic heart disease Arief Hermanu S.; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Bambang Madiyono; Ismet N. Oesman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The aim of this study was to determine the association between school performance and age, sex, duration of illness, educational achievement prior to illness, socioeconomic status of family, parentâ€™s educational level, number of children in the family and severity of the disease of patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Subjects were patients with RHD treated at the Division of Cardiology, Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta. The parameters of school performance were educational achievement, absent of school and dropout. All data were processed by using Epi-Info program to find out bivariate analysis and Statistic Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) for multivariate analysis. We obtained 80 patients with RHD; most of them were of mild severity (64 of 80%) and the remainder 16 (20%) with severe disease. There were 44 (55%) males and 36 (45%) females. Most parents (42 or 53%) had junior high school educational level, most of them, 23 (29%) had elementary school education, and 3 (4%) illiterate. Bivariate and multivariate analyses showed that severity of disease and parental educational level were associated withschool performance of patients with RHD, but age, sex, duration of disease, premorbid educational achievement, socio-economic level of the family and number of children in family were not. Â

A case of kwashiorkor in a child with congenital hypothyroidism Helena Aneke Tangkilisan; Teguh Wijayanto; Sugianto Wiriadinata
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 11-12 (2001): November 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A 12-year-old Indonesian girl with the body weight of 9.8 kg and length 78 cm was admitted to the Department of Child Health, Manado General Hospital with kwashiorkor and congenital hypothyroidism. The main complaint was edema starting 3 weeks before admission. Physical examination showed body weight for age (BW/A) 14.3%, body weight for body length (BW/BL) 66.0% and body length for age (BL/A) 49.1%. On admission she looked severely ill, apathetic, with hypothermia and hypotonia. Almost all signs and symptoms of kwashiorkor and congenital hypothyroidism were found accompanied bronchopneumonia and dermatologic problems. Laboratory findings showed severe anemia, leukocytosis, hypoproteinemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, elevated thyroid stimulating hormone and low level of Thyroxine-4. Bone age equaled to a newborn baby bone age. There was no thyroid tissue on thyroid ultrasound examination. The patient was treated for severe protein energy malnutrition and ThyraxR. Problems of kwashiorkor could been solved well but not with the congenital hypothyroidism. She was discharged from hospital after 2 months treatment and till now at 14th year of age with her developmental milestones equals to that of 8 month old baby.

Comparisons of bone mineral density in steroid dependent, frequent relapse, and infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome children Lies Dewi Nurmala; Taralan Tambunan; Idham Amir
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 4 (2010): July 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Children with nephrotic syndrome, especially those with steroid dependent and frequent relapse are at greater risk of reduced bone mineral density (BMD).Objective To determine bone mineral density (BMD) in steroid dependent and frequent relapse compared to infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Child Health Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, from August until November 2009. Subjects were 5 to 18 year-old children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS), frequent relapsenephrotic syndrome (FRNS), or infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome (IRNS). Ionized calcium level, vitamin 25(OH)D3 level, and BMD were measured us ng dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).Results 11 SDNS and 11 FRNS cbildren (group I) were compared with 22 IRNS children (Group II). Children of SDNS and FRNS had significantly longer duration of illness, more relapses, longer steroid therapy duration, and greater cumulative steroid dose compared to group 11 (IRNS). There were no differences betweenÂ the two groups with regard to mean ionized calcium level and vitamin 25(OH)D3 level. Children in group I had lower z-scores compared to group lI, but the difference was not statistically significant r mean (SD) -1.182 (1.21) vs. -0.795 (1.25), P=0.305]. Subgroup analysis showed that SDNS children had lower z-scores than FRNS [-1.791 (1.17) vs. -0.57 (0.94), P=0.019] and IRNS [-1.791 (1.17) vs. -0.795 (1.25), P=O.026].Conclusion Children with SDNS have significantly lower BMD z-scores compared to those with FRNS and IRNS.

Rapid improvement of respiratory quality in asthmatic children after "assisted drainage" therapy Haryono Utomo; Ariyanto Harsono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 4 (2010): July 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Â Whilst current asthma management is well-developed, there are still 5-10% uncontrolled asthma patients with unknown etiologies. However, its connection with oral focal infection is still uncertain. Therefore, a collaborated research for asthma management was conducted by pediatricians and dental practitioners. Within minutes after the "assisted drainage" therapy, a modification of healing root planning procedure, there is rapid improvement of respiratory function, ie., forced expiratory-volume one second (FEV1) in asthmatic children. This quick response usually achieved by oral inhalation.Objective To investigate the effectiveness of the assisted drainage therapy in the improvement of respiratory quality.Methods Fifteen asthmatic children were subjected to a longitudinal study for two weeks. In tbe first week they were instructed for al lergen avoidance only and the fOllowing one week was combined with tbe assisted drainage therapy, followed by Â mental health education and dental plaque control therapy. Each s'ubject was af'sef'sed for respiratory quality with a computerized spirometer and blood sampling test. Paired t-test analysis was used for statistical analysis.Results Assisted drainage therapy was performed, within minutes FEV1 increased significantly (P= 0.001). Additionally, there were significant differences serum histamine (P= 0,001) pre and post treatment.Conclusions The assisted drainage therapy is effective as an adjuvant therapy for mild persistent asthma in children.

Congenital heart disease in adults and its problems Teddy Ontoseno
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 9-10 (2001): September 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

There were 40 adult congenital heart disease (CHD) patients seen in the Cardiology Division during 1 year (February 1993 - February 1994). The most frequently seen defect was atrial septal defect; however there were also cases with patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, and tetralogy of Fallot. Hemodynamic disorder, serious hindrance to education achievement, and occupational threat due to limited physical capabilities as well as malnutrition are some of prominent issues to be closely anticipated. In general the older the patients the more serious hemodynamic disorder they suffer due CHD. It is worth thinking how to improve the quality of life of CHD patients who succeed to live their adult lives and minimize any possible fatal complication risks.

Congenital uronephropathy pattern in children Husein Alatas; Natalina Soesilawati; Bambang Madiyono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 9-10 (2001): September 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

To obtain the basic data of congenital uronephropathy pattern and the affecting factors in children, we conducted a cross-sectional study at the Department of Child Health Cipto Mangunkusumo (CM) Hospital Jakarta from 1995 to 1999 and 9 teaching hospitals throughout Indonesia. During the study period 134 patients were obtained, 116 patients from the CM Hospital and 18 patients from other teaching hospitals. Most patients (48.8%) were below 1 year of age; male were affected more than female (2.4:1). The disorder was classified into two groups, i.e., congenital nephropathy and uropathy. There were 10 children with nephropathy, i.e., 4 with unilateral renal hypoplasia, 3 with polycystic kidney, and 3 with renal agenesis. In the uropathy group, 43 were with hypospadia, 22 with primary reflux vesicoureter, 18 with neurogenic bladder, and 17 with ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The complications found were urinary tract infection (71.2%), chronic renal failure (15.7%), hypertension (3.7%), and acute renal failure (1.5%). Consanguinity, familial disorders, maternal diseases, x-ray exposure and abortion efforts were found in a small proportion of patients. History of drug or herbs use in the first trimester of pregnancy was found in a large proportion of patients, mostly took analgesics (especially acetaminophen). In conclusion, uropathy disorders were much more common than congenital nephropathy. The most common complication was urinary tract infection, followed by chronic renal failure, hypertension, and acute renal failure.

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