Paediatrica Indonesiana
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Articles
2,118 Documents
Cranial Ultrasound Screening of Low Birth Weight Infants
Immanuel Mustadjab
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 5-6 (1996): May - June 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.5-6.1996.98-101
Cranial ultrasound examination was performed on 9 L low birth weight inÂfants to determine the occurence of cerebral hemorrhage with or without ventricu- lomegaly. In very low birth weight infants cerebral hemorrhage was found in 35%, while the hemorrhage plus ventriculomegaly was found in 18% of the infants. In all low birth weight infants cerebral hemorrhage was found in 17%, while hemorrhage plus ventricuÂlomegaly was found in 8% of the infants. In dysmature infants, cerebral hemorrhage wasfound in 10%. Severe asphyxia was associated with hemorrhage or hemorrhage plus ventriculomegaly, where the incidence was 45% and 17%, respectively.
Diagnostic Value of Plain Chest Roentgenogram in Rheumatic Mitral Valvular Disease
Bambang Madiyono;
Indra Sugiarno;
Sukman T. Putra;
Sudigdo Sastroasmoro;
Widhodho T. Karyomanggolo;
Hariarti S. Pramulyo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 5-6 (1996): May - June 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.5-6.1996.102-8
Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are still important commuÂnity health problem in developing countries. The aim of this diagnostic test was to deterÂmine the diagnostic role of plain chest roentgenogram in patients with rheumatic mitral valvular disease. Subjects were patients with rheumatic mitral disease without other valÂvular lesions, congenital heart disease, or anemia, who visited the out-patient clinic, DeÂpartment of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, between June and August 1995. There were 52 subjects enrolled to this study. Determination of type valve lesions, the presence of left atrial dilatation, and cardio-thoracic ratio (CTR) were perÂformed from plain chest film by 2 pediatric radiologists using a semiquantitative table. The results were compared with échocardiographie findings used as gold standard. The chest plain roentgenogram accuracy in determining valvular lesion was 77% (090%; 67.4%-86.6%). Chest plain roetgenogram diagnostic index in discovering left atrial dilataÂtion gave excellent result (>80%). The correlation between CTR and left ventricular mass (LVM) was 0,63 (p<0.001) in all rheumatic mitral valvular lesions. We conclude that plain chest roentgenogram still has its place in determining type of rheumatic mitral valvular lesion, and it has some help in the management of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease.
Evaluation of Neurological Deficit in Hospital Discharged Encephalitis
Lubuk P. Saing;
Robert MJ. Simanjutak;
Manihar D. Marbun;
Iskandar Z. Lubis;
Bistok Saing
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 5-6 (1996): May - June 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.5-6.1996.109-15
A study was done on 30 encephalistis patients treated and discharged from Dr. Pimgadi Hospital Medan in the year 1990-1991, The study was conducted cross sec- tionally. The aim of the study was to find out the type and percentage of neurological deficits, including factors associated with the sequelae. Eight patients (27%) developed neurological deficit, only (3%) patient developed neurological deficits after being disÂcharged until the period of evaluation. The neurological deficits encountered mostly were epilepsy, paraparesis, and right hemiparesis, each of which in 2 cases (7%), and monoÂparesis of the right limb and aphasia, each in 1 case (3%). The was no significant assoÂciation of neurological deficit with prognostic factor.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in an Asphyxiated Premature Infant
Sunarka Sunarka;
Hamid S.;
Sudaryat S.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 5-6 (1996): May - June 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.5-6.1996.126-31
A case of NEC in a six days old asphyxiated premature infant was reported. The diagnosis was based on predisposing factors including low weight infant, severe ash- pyxia, her mother sufferef from fever and premature rupture of the amniotic membrans more than 24 hours. Clinical features include abdominal distention with discoloration of the abdominal wall, vomiting bloody stool, sclerema, temperature instability, jaundice, and respiratory distres. Plain abdominal X ray examination showed significant intestinal distention, and hiponatremia. The patient was treated with supportive therapy and surÂgical intervention was not done because the poor condition of the patient. The prognosis of NEC depend on the severity of disease, with mortality rate varies from 0 to 64%. The prognosis of our case is not good and on January 28, 1904 she died.
The Advanced Medical Science and Technology: A Challenge to The Higher Education in Developing Countries
I.G.N. Gde Ranuh
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 7-8 (1996): July - August 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.7-8.1996.127-36
Indonesia's second stage of the National Long-Term Development Plan is a determinant factor for the shape of the country by the year 2020. A new era of develÂopment in the next 25 years will be of an unprecedented magnitude and far reaching significance for the future of the country as well as for South East Asia. Health developÂment as one of the essential components, will play a significant role as it is the founÂdation for the well-being of the society without which development and progress will not be accomplished. On the other hand, a promising health development will depend on the availability of the human resources with a proper scientific background in the field of medical sciences. Therefore, health research is an effective way to solve many health problems encountered in the country. This condition in turn depends on on the adÂvancement of the higher education to participate in the development. The WHO straÂtegy for UFA by the Year 2000 specifically states that health research and development policies are the essentia] components of national health. An effective mechanism, coorÂdination of research activities, the use and dissemination of its results should be estaÂblished. The unique situation in Indonesia is described, in regard to geographical posiÂtion, multiethnic, sociocultural traditional beliefs, health situation and services availÂable. Facing two patterns of diseases, the commonly established infectious diseases and the new emerging diseases as a consequence of industrialization, the access to the advanced medical science and technology that develop rapidly are the challenge to the higher education to solve those problems effectively and efficiently in the years to come.
Child Health Trends in Central and Eastern Europe
Bruno Jacques Martin
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 7-8 (1996): July - August 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.7-8.1996.137-45
Overall Health ConditionsThe well-known events that resulted in worsening economic and social conditions all over Europe after 1989, led to a parallel decline in health, which deteriorated only mo¬derately in central and some parts of eastern Europe1 during transition, but suffered a decline as severe as has never been witnessed in times of peace in other countries and especially in Russia and Ukraine. The dramatic rise in mortality recorded since 1989 has been selective, sparing women more than men, affecting the young and the eld¬erly only moderately but taking a severe toll especially among men of working age. Deaths of males aged 20 to 39 in Russia rose by no less than 70% between 1989 and 1993, and by over 50% in the 40 to 59 group. The rise in Ukraine was a uniform 30% for both groups over this period. It was smaller, though still significant, elsewhere, for example about 11% overall in Bulgaria, 15% in Romania, 8% in Poland.
Pulmonary Function of Patients with Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus
Torel Ergtir Ayga;
Onarlioglu Turhan;
Baskin Esra
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 7-8 (1996): July - August 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.7-8.1996.155-9
In this study, respiratory functions were applied on 20 patients (10 boys and 10 girls) with juvenile diabetes mellitus and 20 healthy subjects (10 boys and 10 girls) followed up for 2.5 (SD 1.2) years on the average. Vital capacity (VC), maximal voluntary ventilation (MW), forced volume in 1 second (FEV1) and mean forced expiraÂtory flow during the middle half of the FVC (FEF 25-75) parameters were evaluated. No significant difference was observed in the ages, heights and weights of diabetic and healthy children. A statistically significant decrease was observed in the VC (1.90, SD 0.13) and FEV1 (1.62, SD 0.54) parameters in diabetic boys and MW (42.10, SD 5.16) and FEV1 (1.55, SD 0.43) parameters of diabetic girls when compared with those of the control group. These results suggested a restrictive process in patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus.
Tuberculin Test on Infants and Children Who Had Been Given BCG Vaccination During Neonatal Period
Fauzah Fauzah;
Riza I. Nasution;
Ansarudin Nasution;
Ridwan M. Daulay;
Helmi M. Lubis;
Zakaria Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 7-8 (1996): July - August 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.7-8.1996.160-8
On one hundred and seven children 3 months to 5 years old who had received BCG vaccination during neonatal period were reviewed with tuberculin test. This study were conducted at the children's and maternity Hospital Sri Ratu Medan for 4 months. They comprised 61 males and 46 females with moderate to well nouÂrished. Tuberculin test was seen at 72 hours after the injection. Tuberculin test was said positive if the induration was >5 mm was found. Positive tuberculin test were found on 58 children (54.2%), out of which 49 children (84.5%) were <1 year old and 9 children (15.5%) were 1 year old. Significant difference was found in positive tuberÂculin test between child group of <1 year old compared to those of >1 year old (p <0.001). Diameter of induration was between 0-10 mm. Most of the children (51 = 47.7%) were having diameter of 5-9 mm. Median diameter of induration of tuberculin test was significant difference between child group of <1 year with those of >1-2 years, >2-3 years, >3-4 years and >4-5 years old respectively (p<0.01). BCG scar did not show significant relationship with tuberculin test result and age.
Ischiopagus Tetrapus Conjoined Twins
Nartono Kadri;
Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo;
Darmawan Kartono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 7-8 (1996): July - August 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.7-8.1996.169-76
We report a case of ischiopagus tetrapus conjoined twins with one pasÂsageway (cloaca type) and bom at term by spontaneously vaginal dcliveiy, with a combined birth weight of 5000 grams. There was no history of twin in the family. DurÂing hospitalization, the conjoined twins suffered from sepsis due to ascending infection from cloacal portion, At the age of 17 days, an exploratory laparatomy and divided coÂlostomy was performed. The postoperative complications were bleeding and sepsis. The bleeding could be properly handled only in 4 days after the treatment, whilst sepsis could not be overcome. Even in the 16th day after the operation, a peritonitis occurred followed by intestines prolapse from the edge of operative incision (on the 19th postÂoperative day) resulting in the death of the conjoined twins.
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy in Children with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection
Taralan Tambunan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 36 No 11-12 (1996): November - December 1996
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi36.11-12.1996.239-47
We reviewed clinical and laboratory findings of patients with recurrent urinary Uact infections (UTI) to detect the presence of vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) or reflux nephropathy (RN). Only patients with evidence of more than 2 bouts of UTI's treated at the Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the period from October 1, 1992 to September 30, 1993 were studied. There were 30 paÂtients (15 boys, 15 girls) ranging in age from 2 months to 16 years (mean age = 5.5 years). RN as detected on dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scanning was found in 21 patients (12 unilateral, 9 bilateral). Mictiocyctourography (MCU) was done in 22 patients, revealing VUR in 14 patients, 10 of them showed renal scarring on DMSA scanning. Most of die patients has the duration of illness of less than 2 years. Clinical symptoms and signs (hypertension, proteinuria, increased plasma urea / creatinine) alone or in combination were more commonly found in patients with RN than in those without RN. The high prevalence of VUR and RN in patients with recurrent UTI in our senes (63% and 70%, respectively), should draw our attention to detect UTI in its earliest stage, to be able to treat the patient promptly in order to prevent RN which eventually progresses into renal failure.