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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 2,127 Documents

96 97 98 99 100

A Comparative Study of Caries Formation in Breast-fed and Bottle-fed Children Dahrul Aldy; Zakaria Siregar; Helena Siregar; Sani Gary Liwijaya; Srinita Tanyati
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 19 No 11-12 (1979): November - December 1979
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

One hundred under five children have been examined in the Childâ€™s Policlinic at General Hospital Medan December 1977. Fifty four children suffered from dental caries of which 48 had caries similar to bottle caries. Among those 48 children 35 was fed with breast milk continued by bottle milk and got bottle milk only.

Pediatric Cardiology in The Past, Present, and Future: Its Role in The Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease Bambang Madiyono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 1-2 (1998): January - February 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Â The title mentioned above is chosen in a consideration that we are now entering the Second Stage Long-Term Development Plan (or PJP-II), even the Sixth Five-Year Development Plan is being passed in part. This is a stage of quality and productivity improvement of our human resources for the sake of developmental success to achieve a fair and wealthy society based on the Pancasila and the Constitution of 1945. In his presidential speech before the General Meeting of People's Advisory Assembly or MPR on Friday, Aug. 16, 1996, President Soeharto declared that: "The service of public health has been continuously improving. Various efforts in the medical sector has already reduced the infant mortality, increased the life expectancy, reduced the population growth, and improved the quality of other physical and spiritual life."On the other side, cardiovascular disease, according to the Indonesian Household Health Survey of 1996, has become a major problem, with high morbidity and mortality. It is this critical condition that made a starting point to this discussion. I hope that this following discussion can be seen as a contribution in the development of pediatrics, especially in pediatric cardiology, for the benefit of our nation progress in raising the quality of our human resources in order to face the era of globalization.

Nutritional Status in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Prevalence and Its Associated Factors Rafner lndra; Tina Christina L Tobing; Ahmad Dian Siregar; Abdullah Afif Siregar; Endang D Hamid; Iskandar Z Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 1-2 (1998): January - February 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A cross sectional study was undertaken on 58 children (age range 4 months-15 years) With congenital heart disease (CHD) and in controls of 58 subjects without CHD. The study was performed by anthropometric examination, history of acute respiratory tract infection, dietary intake, simple laboratory examination and type and severity of CHD were recorded. There were significant differences in: 1. Nutritional status between patients With CHD and without CHD (p<0.001). 2. Frequency of acute respiratory tract infection between patients with CHD and without CHD (p<0.001). 3. Duration of each episode of acute respiratory tract infection between patients with CHD and without CHD (p<0.05). 4. Calorie and protein intakes between patients with CHD and without CHD (p<0.005). Type of CHD (cyanotic and non-cyanotic) was significantly associated with nutritional status based on height for age among patients with CHD (p<0.01). However, there was no siignificant association between the presence or absence of heart failure with nutritional status among patients with CHD. In conclusion, there were Significantly differences of nutritional status, frequency/duration of acute respiratory tract infection, calories and protein intake between patients with CHD and without CHD. Type of CHD (cyanotic and non-cyanotic) was significantly associated with nutritional status based on height for age.

Relationship Between Incidence of Hyaline Membrane Disease and Maternal Hypertension During Pregnancy Lasmida Nazir Nuriman; Dadang Sjarif Hidajat
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 3-4 (1998): March - April 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

There have been controversies over the eiTect of hypertension in pregnancy on the incidence of type I neonatal respiratory distress syndrome or hyaline membrane disease (HMD). We investigated the relationship between the incidence of HMD and maternal hypertension during pregnancy in 91 infants at 34 weeks gestation or less. This retrospective cross sectional study included all live born babies between May 1, 1994 and April 30, 1995 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Maternal hypertension during pregnancy was diagnosed in 38 mothers of91 infants studied. The incidence of HMD (5%) in the maternal hypertension during pregnancy group was significantly lower than the 62% in the normotensive group (p<0.01). There was a negative correlation between the occurence of HMD and hypertension during pregnancy. We conclude that the risk of developing HMD in infants born to hypertensive mothers is significantly lower than those born to normotensive mothers.

Physical Growth and Echocardiographic Findings in Children with Down Syndrome Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Mathilda Y. lnkiriwang; Bambang Madiyono; lsmet N Oesman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 3-4 (1998): March - April 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

We compared the physical growth, nutritional status, and echocardiographic findings in children aged 3-7 years with Down syndrome who had no congenital heart disease. Thirty such patients who consecutively referred to the Division of Cardiology, Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, were compared with sex and age matched controls consisted of normal children attending the Department. It appears that growth and nutritional status of children with Down syndrome tended to be retarded when compared to those of the controls. However, no significant difference were found on the M-mode echocardiographic values of the left ventricle, except that the left ventricular posterior wall thickness in study subjects was more that that of the controls. We concluded that although the pulmonary architecture of patients with Down syndrome is thought to be less developed than that of normal children, it does not affect the left ventricular measurements and function as measured by M-mode echocardiography.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infections in Neonatal Unit Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar Suartawan Suartawan; Hamid HA
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 3-4 (1998): March - April 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The rate of morbidity due to infection including nosocomial infection during neonatal period is higher than that due to other causes. The purpose of this study was to know the incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infection. This study was conducted on all babies treated at the neonatal unit, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar during the period of April-June 1995. Chi square test was used to compare nosocomial infection between birth weight groups and mode of deliveries. The incidence of nosocomial infections in this study was 6%, with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Skin infections were found most frequently. This occurrence of nosocomial infection was significantly related to the birth weight and mode of delivery, in which the risk of nosocomial infection was greater in babies with low birth weight and delivered by cesarean section or other obstetric procedures.

Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Normal Children Suspected of Having Cardiac Disease Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Nuraini Irma Susanti
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 3-4 (1998): March - April 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The definite diagnosis of cardiac disease in infants and children usuallycannot be made on the clinical evidence alone; in most instances supportingexaminations are required. lt is understandable, therefore, that non-cardiologists might suggest that normal subjects are thought to have cardiac problems; the reverse is also true: infants and children with cardiac disease may be ignored. This study aimed to examine the clinical and laboratory findings of normal infants and children who were initially suspected to have cardiac disease. Of 3601 patients referred to our OPD of the Division of Cardiology, Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia, from January 1983 to December 1992; in 1782 patient (49.5%) no cardiovascular problems were detected. Most of them (66.2%) were of the age of less than 1 month. Most of the referring physicians (66.3%) were general practitioners. The referring diagnoses were congenital heart disease (286), cardiomegaly (197), rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease (110), and syndromes with cardiac involvement (104). The diagnoses were based on dyspnea, cyanosis on crying, chest pain, joint pains, and easy fatiguability. Murmurs found on examination were systolic in 355 patients (19. 9%), and continuous in 6 patients (0,33%). No diastolic murmurs were noted. The final diagnoses were normal (including innocent murmurs and sinus arrhythmias) in 85.8%, mild cardiomegaly in 10.4%., breath holding spells in 2.0%, sinus tachycardia in 0.9%, polyarthritis in 0.2% and other in 0.7% of all cases. More practice in cardiac physical examination is needed for medical students to reduce the unnecessary referrals.

Prevention of Hypothermia of Low Birth Infants Using The Kangaroo Method Anna Alisjahbana; Ali Usman; Suzi lrawaty; Atte Triyati
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 9-10 (1998): September - October 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Hypothermia is a common problem in neonates and an important contributory factor to neonatal mortality and morbidity. The results of an evaluation involving several health facilities and health personnel showed that thermal control practices were frequently inadequate in the following areas: ensuring a warm environment at the time of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding and contact with mother, bathing, checking the baby's temperature, thermal protection of low birth weight babies, and care during transportation. During kangaroo method (K-M) the infant is in skin to skin contact with the mother. A pilot study conducted on LBW infants discharged from the General Hospital in Bandung, and follow-up for 4 consecutive weeks showed the skin temperature to be well maintained. Weight increase was more stable compared to the control group and there were no re-hospitalization within the observation period. K-M has a simple and natural appeal, cold stress can be avoided; perhaps the most important benefit of K-M is improvement of lactation. In developing countries especially rural areas, temperature regulation and maintenance of lactation using K-M may be lifesaving for very low birth infants.

Acceptance of The Kangaroo Care Method by Mothers in Rural Area Rulina Suradi; lmral Chair; Ridwan M. Thaha
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 9-10 (1998): September - October 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

We evaluate the acceptance of Kangaroo Care Method (KCM) among ruralmother giving birth to LBW infants in the rural health centers of 3 provinces in Indonesia, from June 1 through November 30, 1997. All mothers giving birth to LBW infants (birth weight 1500-2500 grams) seen by the rural team on the first day with no morbidity requiring hospitalisation were included in this study. One hundred and sixteen mothers fulfilled the criteria, most of them (62.1%) were between 20-29 years of age. Birthweight between 2000-2500 grams was found in 86.2%, of infants, and 67.3% are fullterm small for date babies. Most respondents accepted the KCM because they were interested in a new and practical method showed by the midwife; 11.8% accepted it because it resembled the local habit. All the mothers in the three locations had a positive perception on the benefit of KCM; 90% found that their babies were more calm, 92.7%, said that their babies slept more and 85.4% said that their babies breastfed more often. As for their feelings, everyone said that they felt happy. As many as 86.4% of mothers practiced the use of KCM during the 28 days, but only 40% of them used them for a total of more than 5 hours a day. More than 80% of the mothers had support from the family and more than 60% had a substitute for the KCM. We conclude that KCM was feasible and acceptable among the rural community.

Immunological Aspects of Persistent Hepatitis B in Children Harsoyo Notoatmojo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 9-10 (1998): September - October 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

We studied the immunological status of 203 children having persistent Hepatitis B (positive HBsAg) ranging in age from 6 to 14 years in Semarang Municipality. All patients showed negative results of humoral immunity (IgM anti-HBc), excluding the possibility of acute hepatitis B (HB). Cellular immunity examination using CMI skin test showed positive result in 64.9% of persistent and 65.2%, ln non-persistent HB (p>0.05). T cell examination shows significant statistical difference (p<0.01) between persistent and non-persistent HB, and there was a significant difference (p<0.01) on CD4 cell examination; indicating a difference on immunoregulation function and response repression of anti-virus between the two groups. There was no significant differences on CD4/CD8 ratio between persistent and non-persistent HB. The specific function of cytotoxic T cell also shows no significant difference between the two groups.

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