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Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)
Published by Universitas Tadulako
ISSN : 24427284     EISSN : 24428744     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (E-ISSN: 2442-8744) (p-ISSN: 2442-7284), is an open access journal (print and e-journal) focusing on the scientific works in the field of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. The articles of this journal are published every six months, that is March and October (2 issues per year). This journal is developed by Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Tadulako University and has been identified in Crossref with the DOI Number : 10.22487/j24428744. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) has been accredited by Kemenristekdikti as Sinta 3 starting from Volume 5 No 1 2019.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)" : 10 Documents clear
Profile and Clinical Character of COVID-19 Patients at Zahirah Hospital, South Jakarta: Profil dan Karakter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Zahirah, Jakarta Selatan Nur Hasanah; Lela Kania Rahsa Puji; Nurwulan Adi Ismaya; Vini Irnia; Fenita Puranamasari Indah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15823

Abstract

Background: The rapid spread of COVID-19 makes people anxious and afraid of this outbreak. The government has implemented policies to prevent the spread of the corona virus. One of the implementations is Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This condition causes a considerable impact on several sectors, especially health, economy and education. Objectivity: this study was to determine the characteristics of COVID-19 patients receiving treatment at Zahirah General Hospital. Material and methode: Methode of the research is observational with a cross sectional design with a total sample of 328. Result: The results showed that the most cases of COVID-19 occurred at the age Late seniors (43%), male sex as much as 52%, experiencing fever (97%), the most comorbid disease was diabetes as much as 56%, treatment carried out by giving antivirals+supplements (79%), all patients were given supplements in the form of: Acetylcysteine, Vitamin C, B-complex, Zinc, Vitamin D. Avigan/ favipiravir was the most widely used antiviral (42%), the length of time the patient was treated for 14-21 days (41%), All COVID-19 patients with comorbidities show lymphocyte levels that are lower than normal limits. Conclusion: Late seniors, men are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection, diabetes is the comorbid disease that causes death and the most severe COVID-19 symptoms, and all COVID-19 patients with comorbidities have lower lymphocyte levels
Toxicity of Cisplatin and Herbal Medicine Complexed with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Folic Acid Nanoparticles as Anticancer Candidates: Perbandingan Uji Toksisitas Obat Cisplatin dan Obat Herbal Kombinasi Nanopartikel Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) dan Asam Folat Sebagai Kandidat Antikanker Ersalina Nidianti; Rizka Amalia; Nisrina Salsabila Firdaus
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15838

Abstract

The prevalence of cancer in Indonesia has increased by 8.8 percent in the last two years (2018 and 2020) in terms of adding new cases and mortality. Because of therefor cancer treatment becomes important in reducing the high number of additional new cases and mortality due to cancer patients. Intensive cancer treatment is by surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs used for cancer treatment include herbal plant-based cancer drugs (Cancer Fit) and cisplatin its buy from online shop. This study aims to compare the toxicity of herbal drugs (Cancer fit) with cisplatin, a combination of BSA nanoparticles and folic acid as anticancer candidates. The research method is through the synthesis of nanoparticles with the desolvation method, then characterization is carried out using XRD and FT-IR tests. After that proceed to the toxicity test with the BSLT method. The results obtained from XRD analysis on BSA and folic acid nanoparticles from cisplatin (As-NP-BSA-CP) showed a peak of 34.45 while BSA and folic acid nanoparticles from herbal medicine (As-NP-BSA-Oh) obtained a peak of 22.77. The purpose of XRD analysis was to determine the crystalline characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles and to analyze the crystalline index. FT-IR analysis on (As-NP-BSA-CP) showed that there are functional groups O-H alcohol, C-H, C-C, NO2 that play a role in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Meanwhile, (As-NP-BSA-Oh) showed that the functional groups were C-H alkene, C-O alcohol, and C-N amine/amide. The toxicity level of As-NP-BSA-CP LC50 is 69.14 ppm while the toxicity level of As-NP-BSA-Oh LC50 is 44.14 ppm. Nanoparticles consisting of a combination of bovine serum albumin (BSA), folic acid and cisplatin drugs or herbal drugs can be used as candidates for anticancer drugs.
Pharmacokinetic Profile and Antihyperlipidemic Effectiveness of Nanoemulsion and Ethanol Extract of Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata) Leaves: Profil Farmakokinetik dan Efektifitas Antihiperlipidemia Sediaan Nanoemulsi dan Ekstrak Etanol dari Daun Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata) Magfirah Magfirah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15842

Abstract

Background: Parang romang (Boehmeria virgata) has an antihyperlipidemic effect, but the use of herbs commonly has limitations with poor solubility in water, causing failure in the clinical phase due to low bioavailability. Bioavailability can be increased by nanotechnologies, one of them is nanoemulsion. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic profile and effectiveness of antihyperlipidemic activity of nanoemulsion preparation and ethanol extract of parang romang leaves. Methods: Pharmacokinetic study was done with 10 rats that each given 100 mg/kg BW of nanoemulsion and ethanol extract from parang romang leaves. The blood was taken at 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5; 4 hours to measure tmax, Cpmax, and AUC. Study of antihyperlipidemic was done with 30 rats divided into 5 groups with normal control group I given Na CMC suspension, group II negative control given high fat feed + streptozotocin, group III positive control given high fat feed + streptozotocin and simvastatin 0.9 mg/ kg BW, group IV given high fat feed + streptozotocin + ethanol extract of parang romang leaves 100 mg/kg BW and group V given high fat feed + streptozotocin + nanoemulsion of ethanol extract of parang romang 100 mg/kg BW. The blood was then taken on day 0,14,21, 28 and 35. Results: The results of the pharmacokinetic profile test showed that the values ​​of tmax, Cpmax, and AUC for nanoemulsions and extract were respectively; 0.5 hours, 96.68 g/ml and 297.57 and 1-hour, 15.44 g/ml and 93.53. The statistical results obtained a significant value (P < 0,05) which showed a significant effect between nanoemulsion and ethanol extract of parang romang to reduce cholesterol levels Conclusions: There are differences in pharmacokinetic profile and antihyperlipidemic effectiveness between nanoemulsion preparations and ethanol extracts from parang romang leaves.
Insulin Therapy Increases the Risk of Hypokalemia and Arrhythmia in Diabetic Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Retrospective Study in Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital: Terapi Insulin Meningkatkan Risiko Hipokalemia dan Aritmia pada Penderita Diabetes dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner: Studi Retrospektif di RSU Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hastuti Tajuddin; Elly Wahyudin; Yulia Yusrini Djabir; Firzan Nainu; Latifah Rahman
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15930

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often require insulin therapy to control hyperglycemia, yet, it is associated with the risk of hypokalemia and dysrhythmia. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and the risk of hypokalemia and arrhythmia due to insulin therapy in DM patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) comorbidity. Material and Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively based on medical record data from January 2021 to December 2021 in Wahidin Sudirohusodo general hospital. The inclusion criteria include the out-hospital patients diagnosed with DM with CHD comorbidity. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those who received insulin and those who received oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD). Hypokalemia was defined if an electrolyte characterized by a low serum potassium concentration with a normal range of 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L. Arrhythmia was defined if abnormal changes in a regular heartbeat, including an irregular heartbeat, a skipped heartbeat, a fast heart rate (tachycardia), or a slow heart rate (bradycardia). Results: The data were obtained from 322 patients’ medical record, 161 was treated with insulin, and 161 received OAD. The insulin-treated patients had a significantly lower blood potassium level compared to the OAD group. The insulin group had 63,40% incidents of hypokalemia, while in the OAD group only 16,80% experienced hypokalemia (p<0.05). The presence of arrhythmia was detected in 63,40 % of insulin-treated patients, while only 29,80% had arrhythmia in the OAD group (p<0,05). Conclusions: Insulin Therapy in DM patients with coronary heart disease can increase the incidence of hypokalemia, which may result in arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease.
Hematological Profile of Iron Overload in Rats Administered with Fruit Extract of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa): Gambaran Hematologi Tikus Model Besi Berlebih yang Diberi Ekstrak Buah Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) Fransisca Dela Verna; Ari Estuningtyas
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15936

Abstract

Background: Repeated blood transfusions lead to an accumulation of iron that exceeds the body's iron storage capacity. Free iron is able to catalyze the formation of hydroxyl radicals that cause oxidative damage and cell death. The use of iron chelating medicines for iron chelation therapy is limited by side effects. Mangiferin is a natural bioactive compound with iron chelating and antioxidant activity. Mahkota dewa is a plant native to Indonesia that contains mangiferin. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mahkota dewa fruit extract administration on hematological profile of iron overload rats. Material and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 6 groups: normal rats (N), iron overload rats (IO), iron overload rats rats given deferiprone (D), mangiferin (M), Mahkota dewa fruit extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (PM1), or 200 mg/kg BW (PM2). Rats were given injection of iron sucrose 15 mg every 3-4 days for 8 weeks. At week 8, rats were sacrificed. Hematological analysis was performed in this study. Results: Iron overload condition caused by iron sucrose injection did not cause statistically significant changes in the haematological profile. Likewise, the administration mahkota dewa fruit extract at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg BW did not cause changes in the hematological profile. Conclusions: The administration of mahkota dewa fruit extract did not alter hematological profile of iron oveload rats.
Immunosuppressive Effect of Methanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg] Leaves: Efek imunosupresif ekstrak metanol dan fraksi etil asetat daun sukun [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg] Dwi Hadi Setya Palupi; Andreanus A. Soemardji; Maria Immaculata Iwo
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15946

Abstract

Background: Artocarpus sp. contained a variety of flavonoids, some of which have been shown to reduce inflammation. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg) has been demonstrated. Chronic inflammation can occur when immune defence mechanisms are activated by inflammatory conditions. Objectives: This study examined breadfruit leaf methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction immunosuppressive effects. Material and Methods: The bioactive compounds in breadfruit leaves were extracted in methanol via maceration and fractionation in ethyl acetate via liquid-liquid extraction. The in vivo immunosuppressive effect was evaluated in male Swiss albino mice by humoral antibody titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity, and phagocytic index assays. Results: According to phytochemical screening, flavonoids and steroids were found in the extract and its ethyl acetate fraction. The breadfruit leaf extract and fraction showed an immunosuppressive effect through phagocytic index<1, and the thymus gland index was significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to control. The breadfruit leaf extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were able to inhibit the production of antibodies and DTH reactions, two types of immune responses. Conclusions: The extract of breadfruit leaves and the ethyl acetate fraction showed immunosuppressive properties.
Cost Analysis of Antipsychotics Schizophrenia of Inpatients in Mental Hospital West Java Province: Analisis Biaya Antipsikotik Pasien Skizofrenia Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Jawa Barat Indah Kurnia Utami; Melisa I. Barliana; Eli Halimah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15959

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that can affect behavior, emotions and communication. In the agitation phase ithe patient is acompanied by destructive or violent behavior. In these conditions, the patient must immediately calm down to avoid risk. Monotherapy Treatment in acute agitation schizophrenia is recommended than combination therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment costs and the factors that influence the total cost of schizophrenia patients at the Mental Hospital of West Java Province. This study was observational by cross sectional study design according to the hospital perspective. This method is retrospective data. The subject were inpatients aged 18-65 years with diagnosis of schizophrenia disorder and receiving antipsychotic therapy for at least 1 month. The results showed that average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) Rp.288.659/ 1 score PANSS EC with an average decrease score of 9,70. There is a difference in variant data compared because p-value = 0.011<0,05. ICER calculation of A to C = (Rp. 2.800.001–Rp. 2.593.821) / (9.70 - 8.57) = Rp. 182.460. The factors that influence the total cost found that the most significant are administration and room. The conclusion is atypical-atypical monotherapy recommended as a treatment for schizophrenic in agitation acute.
Oral Subchronic Toxicity Test of Yellow Root Ethanol Extract (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) In Rats (Mus musculus): Uji toksisitas subkronik oral ekstrak etanol akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) pada Mencit (Mus musculus) Rakhmadani Gadis Aprilianti; Tsaniaturrizqiah Permataningtyas; Fendi Yoga Wardana
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15961

Abstract

Background: Yellow root (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) is a native Indonesian plant that contains alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and berberine. This plant is proven to have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and anticancer activity. However, the effect on body weight, clinical symptoms and toxic symptoms has not been studied yet. Objectives: Accordingly, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of Arcangelisia flava Merr. extract with the multilevel maceration method on parameters of body weight, clinical symptoms and toxic symptoms in male rats. Material and Methods: A total of 16 male rats aged 6-8 weeks weighing 20-40 grams were divided into 4 groups. The control group was only given 1% sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), while the treatment group was given Arcangelisia flava Merr. extract at doses of 800, 900, and 1000 mg/kgBW orally for 28 days. At week 1 to week 4, body weight, clinical symptoms and toxic symptoms were observed for male rats. Result: Observations of toxic symptoms and symptoms showed that there were several symptoms that appeared in male rats and changes in body weight there were no significant differences from t0 to t1, t0 to t2, t0 to t3, and t0 to t4 for each treatment (p>0,05). Conclusions: The administration of Arcangelisia flava Merr. extract at doses of 800, 900, and 1000mg/kgBW for 28 days did not affect weight gain or loss, but these extracts did have an effect on symptoms in test animals such as straight fur and strange behavior.
Hepatoprotector Effect of Banana Peel (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum) on Paracetamol Induced Rats: Efek Hepatoprptektor Kulit Pisang Raja pada Tikus Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Jastria Pusmarani; Mus Ifaya; Risky Juliansyah Putri
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15968

Abstract

Background: Liver disease is generally still a high prevalence in Indonesia. One of drug-induced liver injury is paracetamol. Banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum) has flavonoid compounds that could increasing the production of glutathione enzymes in the liver. Objectives: This research aims to determine the activity of banana peel induced by paracetamol. This research is an experimental with pre and post test control group design method. Material and Methods: This research is an experimental with pre and post test control group design method. Group I was given 0.05% Na CMC as negative control, group II was given paracetamol 180 mg/kgBB as induction control group, group III was given banana peel extract at dose 700 mg / kgBB, group IV was given banana peel extract at dose 1400 mg/kgBB, and group V was given banana peel extract at dose 2100 mg/kgBW. Results: The liver damage can be measured by SGOT/SGPT serum levels of rats. SPSS data analysis with Paired sample T test obtained the value of p = 0.003 for SGOT (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) and p = 0.000 for SGPT. Conclusions: Both SGOT and SGPT values have p <0.05 which indicates that banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum) methanol extract has hepatoprotector effect on paracetamol-induced rats.
Clinical and Non-Clinical Predictors of Length of Stay in Indonesian hospitalized COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Patients: Prediktor Klinik dan Non-Klinik Lama Rawat Inap Pasien PPOK (Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis) di Rumah Sakit Matra Novalia Palipadang; Marianti A. Manggau; Muh. Akbar Bahar
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.16003

Abstract

Background: COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a chronic disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze potential predictors of length of hospitalization (length of stay/ LOS) of COPD patients in the Anutapura Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Material and Methods: This study is an analytical descriptive using a cross-sectional design. The data were collected from medical records of COPD patients at Anutapura Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province, during 2018-2021. Information about demographic data (age, gender, weight), clinical data (comorbidities, single/combination antibiotics, route of antibiotic administration, type of antibiotics, oxygen therapy, history of hospital admission due to pneumonia, with/without exacerbations), and non-clinical data (type of insurance and treatment class) were extracted. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify the predictors of LOS. Results: A total of 210 COPD patients were identified. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were several potential predictors of LOS in COPD patients (p < 0.25), namely: age (B: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.05), treatment class (B: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.01-2.33), exacerbation (B: 0.55, 95% CI: -0.24-1.35), comorbidities (B: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.25-1.12), and single/combination antibiotics (B: 1.43, 95% CI: 0.33- 2.54). The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that the older (B: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.06, p = 0.02) COPD patients and the more comorbidities (B: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.07-1.00, p = 0.02) that they had, the longer the LOS that they experienced. Conclusions: In this study, age and patient comorbidities are independent predictors of LOS in COPD patients in the Anutapura Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.

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