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Sulawesi utara
INDONESIA
EUGENIA
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The aims of this journal is to provide a venue for academicians, researchers and practitioners for publishing the original research articles or review articles. The scope of the articles published in this journal deal with a broad range of topics, including: Agronomi, Protection, Soil, Forestry, Agroecotecnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 198 Documents
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APLIKASI PUPUK DAN MULSA JERAMI PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI TERHADAP SERANGAN HAMA DAN PRODUKSI Rimbing, J.; Pelealu, J.; Sualang, D.
EUGENIA Vol 21, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.21.1.2015.11804

Abstract

ABSTRACT   The research was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD), with 10 treatments and 3 replications. To get the active insects pests, net sweepings were done for the flying insects, while other pests were observed directly on the plants. Collecting data of plant damages were made by systematic diagonal lines, except for viruses, census was conducted on each experimental plot.  The results of this experiment documented 12 species of insect pests attacking soybean plants. Soybean pest populations were relatively low, except for Aphis glycine that was quite high. In all treatments, plant damage caused by sucking pest Piezodorus sp and Riptortus linearis were relatively low of 1.53 % to 1.94 %; it indicated an insignificant effect to decline the production. Crop damages by virus showed a significant effect. The lowest virus attacks found on compost of 5 tons per ha with 43 plants infected per treatment, the highest virus attack showed on combination of 5 tons compost per ha + inorganic fertilizer + mulch, in which there were 274 infected plants per treatment. Apparently virus attacks gave impact on soybean production. The highest production were documented on treatment of 5 tons compost per ha with production of 0.55 tons per ha, while the lowest production was found on combination of 5 tons compost per ha + inorganic fertilizer + mulch, in which the production was 0.22 tons per ha. Keywords:  fertilizer, mulch, insect pest, production
PENDUGAAN POTENSI PRODUKSI GANDUM (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) DI SULAWESI UTARA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK SHIERARY WHEAT VERSI 2.0 Rogi, Johannes E. X.; Frans, Siska J.
EUGENIA Vol 17, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.17.1.2011.101

Abstract

The demand of wheat increases yearly in Indonesia. Therefore, Indonesia has imported wheat fromoverseas. Agronomically, wheat could be cultivated in Indonesia. Simulation model using ShieraryWheat ver 2.2 software developed by Handoko (1992) will be used in this studi. This software has beenvalidated by Rogi (1996) in several areas in Indonesia. This model has daily resolution which explainsinteraction between growth and development of wheat. Model inputs include weather elements such asradiation, temperature, humidity, wind and rainfall. Soil physical field capacity (water condition in thesoil), characteristic such as field capacity, wilt permanent point, and evaporation together with pH, totalnitrogen were incorporated in the model. Agronomical inputs such as irrigation, nitrogenous fertilizer,ground water and total nitrogen were used as hypothetical data. The research was aiming to assessthe best location and time for cultivated wheat ini North Sulawesi. The result showed that planted timein August had potential high yield followed by January, March, April, May, and Septemnber respectively.The suitable lacations for cultivated wheat in North Sulawesi were Tondano, Langowan, Tompaso,Tompaso Baru, and Kotamobagu. The best potential high yield was found in areas which had optimal ofair temperature and rainfall.Keywords : Wheat, Agronomically, Simulation model, Shierary Wheat Ver 2.0 ABSTRAKKebutuhan gandum yang terus meningkat setiap tahun di Indonesia dipenuhi dengan cara mengimpor,padahal secara agronomis gandum saat ini dapat dibudidayakan di daerah tropis dengan produksi yanglebih tinggi dan waktu panen yang lebih pendek. Penentuan daerah-daerah pengembangan Gandum diIndonesia seperti di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara penting untuk dilakukan dengan menggunakan modelsimulasi. Perangkat lunak Shierary Wheat Ver 2.0 yang dikembangkan Handoko tahun 1992 diMelbourne Australia dan divalidasi oleh Rogi (1996) dan telah dikalibrasi pada berbagai tempat diIndonesia. Model ini mempunyai resolusi harian yang menjelaskan proses interaksi antaraperkembangan dan pertumbuhan tanaman gandum. Input model terdiri dari unsur-unsur cuaca beruparadiasi matahari, suhu udara, kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, dan curah hujan, sedangkan sifatfisik tanah (kapasitas lapang, titik layu permanen dan parameter evaporasi), serta sifat kimia tanah (pH,nitrogen total). Input agronomis berupa irigasi, pupuk nitrogen, kondisi awal berupa kadar air tanah dannitrogen total menggunakan data asumsi. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan waktudan lokasi tanam yang terbaik untuk Tanam Gandum di Sulawesi Utara. Hasil penelitian mendapatkanbahwa Waktu tanam 1 Agustus mempunyai potensi hasil paling baik kemudian berturut-turut Januari,Maret, April, Mei dan September dengan lokasi yang sesuai adalah Tondano, Langowan, Tompaso,Tompaso Baru, dan Kotamobagu.
HAMA-HAMA PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH (ORYZA SATIVA L.) DI KELURAHAN MAKALONSOW KECAMATAN TONDANO TIMUR KABUPATEN MINAHASA Manueke, J.; Assa, B. H.; Pelealu, E. A.
EUGENIA Vol 23, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.23.3.2017.18964

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to know  the pest species in wetland rice crops at Makalonsow Village of East Tondano Distric in Minahasa Regency. The study used a descriptive obsevational method that is observing directly the pests found in rice paddy fields by means of sweeping with insect net and observing directly on paddy fields plaot and paddy fields clumps. The identified pests were identified and made in accordance with the results of identification for each species of pest.  The results showed that 11 species of pests and 4 spesies of natural enemies found in paddy fields of wetland rice at Makalonsow Village of East Tondano District in Minahasa Regency.  The pests are White Rice Stem Borer (Tryporyza innotata), Rice Cherry Stem Borer (Chilo suppressalis), Purple Rice Stem Borer (Sesamia inferens), White Pest (Nymphula depunctalis), Brown Planthopper (Nephotettix virescens), Green Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), Paddy Stink Bug (Leptocorisa acuta), Black Lady Bug (Pareaucosmetus sp.), Rice Weevil   (Sitophilus oryzae), Golden Snail (Pomacea caniculata), Hous and Tre Sparow (Passer spp.), and Rice-field Rat (Ratus argentiventer.). Natural enemies are Worship Grasshopper (Mantis sp.), Dragonflies (Sympetrum flaveolum), Coccinelid Beetle (Coccinella septempunctata), and Spider Hunters (Pardosa sp.).Keywords : plant pest, wetland rice crops,  natural enemies of pest ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui jenis-jenis hama pada tanaman padi sawah di Kelurahan Makalonsow Kecamatan Tondano Timur Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian menggunakan metode obsevasional deskriptif yaitu mengamati langsung hama yang ditemukan pada areal tanaman padi sawah dengan cara penyapuan dengan net serangga dan mengamati langsung pada petakan sawah dan rumpun tanaman padi sawah. Hama-hama yang ditemukan diidentifikasi dan dibuat deskripsi sesuai dengan hasil identifikasi untuk setiap jenis hama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 11 jenis hama dan 4 jenis musuh alami padahabitat tanaman padi sawah di Kelurahan Makalonsow Kecamatan Tondano Timur Kabupaten Minahasa. Hama-hama tersebut yaitu Penggerek batang padi putih (Tryporyza innotata), Penggerek Batang Padi Bergaris (Chilo suppressalis), Penggerek Batang Padi Ungu (Sesamia inferens), Hama Putih (Nymphula depunctalis), Wereng Coklat (Nephotettix virescens), Wereng Hijau (Nilaparvata lugens), Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa acuta), Kepik Hitam (Pareaucosmetus sp.), Bubuk Beras (Sitophilus oryzae), Keong Emas (Pomacea caniculata), Hama Burung Padi Sawah (Passer spp.), dan Hama Tikus Sawah (Ratus argentiventer).  Musuh alami yaitu  Belalang Sembah (Mantis sp.), Capung (Sympetrum flaveolum), Kumbang Coccinelid (Coccinella septempunctata), dan Laba-Laba Pemburu (Pardosa sp.).Kata kunci : hama tanaman, tanaman padi sawah, musuh alamiah hama
NILAI NUTRISI JERAMI JAGUNG VARIETAS HIBRIDA BISI 2 DAN MANADO KUNING YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN EM4 Langoy, Wanda; Kaunang, Charles; Najoan, Marie
EUGENIA Vol 18, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.18.1.2012.4148

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional value of corn straw yellow Manado and hybrid varieties fermented with effective microorganisms (EM4). The study was conducted in Kawangkoan Bawah Village, West Amurang District. The analysis was performed at the Laboratory of Chemical Industry Research and Standards (Baristand) Ministry of Industry, Manado. This study used an experimental design methos, a Completely Randomized Factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor was using varieties of hybrid maize straw Manado Kuning and Bisi 2; The second factor was using corn straw (P0), fermented corn straw material without the fermentation process ( P1) and fermented corn straw (P2). The results of variance analysis showed that the varieties, and different level of fermentation were highly significant (P <0.01) in affecting crude fiber, crude protein, and energy. While the interaction variety and fermentation showed a significant difference (P <0, 01) to the content of crude fiber and protein, their interaction gave no significant difference (P>0,05) to the energy level. Further analysis indicated that fermented corn straw gave a significant (P<0,01) results compared to corn straw and fermented corn straw without fermentation on protein content, crude fiber and energy level. Keywords : Straw, crude fiber, crude protein, and energy ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan nilai nutrisi jerami jagung varietas hibrida dan manado kuning yang difermentasi dengan effective microorganisms (EM4). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Kawangkoan Bawah Kecamatan Amurang Barat dan Analisa Laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium kimia Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri (Baristand) Departemen Perindustrian Manado, dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap dasar pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor : faktor pertama varietas terdiri dari jerami jagung hibrida bisi 2 dan manado kuning; faktor kedua Fermentasi terdiri dari jerami jagung (B0), jerami jagung bahan fermentasi tanpa proses fermentasi (B1) dan jerami jagung yang difermentasi (B2). Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa varietas, dan fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kandungan serat kasar, protein kasar, dan energi, sedangkan interaksi varietas dan fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01)  terhadap kandungan serat kasar dan protein, dan berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kandungan energi. Uji lanjut menunjukkan bahwa jerami jagung fermentasi (JJF) memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan jerami jagung (JJ) dan jerami jagung bahan fermentasi tanpa proses fermentasi (JJTF), demikianpun JJTF memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan JJ terhadap kandungan protein, serat kasar dan energi.  Eugenia Volume 18 No. 1  April 2012 Kata Kunci : Jerami jagung, serat kasar, protein kasar dan energi
PEMBERIAN KOMPOS PADA TANAH BEKAS TAMBANG DENGAN INDIKATOR TANAMAN SAWI (BRASSICA CHINENSIS L) Karamoy, Theffie Lientje; Kumolontang, W. J.N.; Rondonuwu, J.
EUGENIA Vol 21, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.21.2.2015.9711

Abstract

ABSTRACT   This research aimed to determine the effects of compost applications on ex-mining lands by using chinese cabbage as indicator. The experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture greenhouse and the soil and compost analysis were done at the Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory for a duration of two months. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design method with 5 treatments repeated 3 times to get 15 experimental units. The analysis on ex-mining soil revealed that it contained only trace amounts of soil nutrients N, P, and K. The laboratory analysis on the compost sample resulted in a C/N ratio of 11.87 which suggested that the compost was mature and ready to be used. The Analysis of Variance on research data showed that compost applications did not affect plant height between treatments at each weekly observation, and similarly did not affect leaf quantity and fresh weight at harvest time.  However, the research found that the compost applications tended to improve plant height, leaf quantity, and fresh weight of plants at harvest time.  The minimal effect of compost applications between treatments suggested that the plants did not utilized the nutrients supplied by the compost in their early stages of development.  Moreover, it was also suspected that the compost applications had not been sufficient in supplying the soil nutrients needed by the plants to ensure proper growth which ultimately affected the fresh weight of the plants at harvest time. Keywords: compost, ex-mining land
BEBERAPA KARAKTER MORFOLOGIS TANAMAN SALAK (Salacca zalacca (Gaert) Voss) DI KAMPUNG BAWOLEU, KECAMATAN TAGULANDANG UTARA, KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SIAU TAGULANDANG BIARO Pulakiang, Andrew R.; Polii-Mandang, Jeany Sh.; Sompotan, Saartje
EUGENIA Vol 23, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.23.2.2017.16776

Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to  know the whether thete is a difference the nature of morphological characters local bark and bark butter who grewup in the slums Bawoleu, Tagulandang subdistrict north, Districts of the Siau Tagulandang Biaro Archipelago. This research has been conducted the Village Bawoleu, Tagulandang subdistrict north, Archipelagic Districts Siau Tagulandang Biaro. Research activities implemented starting in November 2016 until Januari 2017. Research conducted using the survey method by means of sampling selected that is Village Bawoleu which is a central plant snake fruit. Samples were taken from the Village Bawoleu and have determined the yard barking plant, many samples of local plants and snake fruit butter set 20 plants were taken by purposive sample, of each plant sample was taken mother longest petiole and fifteenth child leaves. In addition to any plant samples were taken of the bunches and each taken four bunches of fruits to be observed. Based on research results from some plants morphological characters barking in the the Village Bawoleu there are similarities and some differences in morphological characters.Keywords : bark fruit, morphological characters, Tagulandang
ANALISIS VEGETASI HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG TUMPA Kainde, Reynold P.; Ratag, Semuel P.; Tasirin, Johny S.; Faryanti, D.
EUGENIA Vol 17, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.17.3.2011.3547

Abstract

ABSTRACT   This research was carried out in the Mount of Tumpa Protection Forest from February to March 2003, aiming to asses Important Value (IV) Index.  Simple random sampling with plot was used to collect species data. The observation for collecting specie data was  number individual of each species, trees, poles diameter and species presence.  The data were analysed for density, relatif density, frequency, relatif frequency, dominancy, relatif dominancy and Important Values (IV) The results showed that at seedling level, Important Value of Tepu was the highest  (41,83%) and lowest was Calophyllum soulattri (10,03 %).  The highest Important Value at  the sapling level was Calamus sp (38,73%) and the lowest was Knema latericia (10,11%). The highest  Important Value at the pole level was Spathodea campanulata (74,01%) and the lowest was Dracontomelum mangiverum (10,05%).  The highest Important Value at tree level was Spathodea campanulata (88,86%) and the lowest was Calophyllum soulattri (10,22%). Keywords : Important Value Index, Vegetation Analysis
MODELING TUTUPAN LAHAN di DAS TIKALA BERDASARKAN KAPASITAS SALURAN SUNGAI TIKALA Telah, Heinsy A.J.; Rombang, J. A.; Walangitan, H. D.
EUGENIA Vol 24, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.24.2.2018.22805

Abstract

ABSTRACT Tikala river is the main channel of Tikala watershed. Tikala watershed covers an area of 9215,89 km² and the length of the main river is 23,73 km. The decline in Tikala watershed quality is marked by high fluctuations of river debit, the increase of erosion and sedimentation rates, and destructive flood. Comparing to floods caused by other rivers in Manado city, flood caused by Tikala river on the 15th January 2014 was the worst case. For this reason, research was conducted to analyze the capacity of river channels in three sampling spots, chosen through purposive sampling methods, and to model types of landuse suitable to the capacity of river channels. Results of river channel capacity analysis at 3 sampling spots using Manning's equation were 45,29 m3/s, 131,58 m3/s, and 36,39 m3/s. Five models of landuse were carried out for Tikala Watershed and the most suitable landuse model is the 4th type in which open area, dry agriculture, and 4.099 ha of dry agriculture mixed with shrubs were converted into an agroforestry system.Keywords: watershed, river capacity, modeling
ANALISIS DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI BERAS PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA TAHUN 2013 – 2030 Hosang, Peter Rene; Tatuh, J.; Rogi, Johannes E.X.
EUGENIA Vol 18, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.18.3.2012.4101

Abstract

ABSTRACT   Climate change has caused in the decreasing of rice production worldwide which affects food security condition in North Sulawesi. Therefore, efforts need to be done to anticipate this issue. A combination of numerical and spatial models was chosen in this study. Paddy rice numerical simulation model described relationships between crops’ physical environmental conditions and physiological condition in the forms of mathematical equations. Model inputs included climatic components, such as: light, temperature, humidity, wind speed and rainfall; soil physical components including: soil capacity, permanent wilt point, soil evaporation parameter; soil chemical variables including: pH and total nitrogen; agronomical input including: crop varieties, seed growth rate, irigation and nitrogen fertilizer; initial conditions including: ground water concentration, mineral nitrogen (NH4 and NO3) from various soil layers. Model output can be determined based on the purpose of the study. This research concluded that (a) rainfall pattern change and temperature’s increase affected paddy rice production, (b) 141,677 ton of rice shortage will be occurred in 2030. Strategics to anticipate this condition should be formulated. It is recommended to conduct a further research on compiling climate change data in North Sulawesi. Also, it is crucial to produce best paddy rice varietas resistant of climate change through biotechnology. Keywords : climate change, produce   ABSTRAK   Perubahan iklim mengakibatkan terjadi gangguan dalam produksi tanaman padi yang mempengaruhi kondisi ketahanan pangan di Sulawesi Utara sehingga perlu adanya langkah-langkah mengantisipasinya. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang mengintegrasikan model numerik dan spasial. Model numerik simulasi tanaman padi menjelaskan hubungan antara kondisi fisik lingkungan dengan kondisi fisiologis tanaman dalam bentuk persamaan-persamaan matematis.  Input model terdiri dari unsur-unsur cuaca berupa radiasi surya, suhu dan kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin dan curah hujan; sifat fisik tanah (kapasitas lapang, titik layu permanen dan parameter evaporasi tanah); sifat kimia tanah (pH, nitrogen total); input agronomis (varietas, laju penggunaan benih, irigasi, pemupukan nitrogen); serta kondisi awal berupa kadar air tanah dan nitrogen mineral (NH4 dan NO3) dari berbagai lapisan tanah.  Sedangkan untuk output dapat disesuai dengan tujuannya. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa (a) perubahan pola curah hujan dan kenaikan suhu udara mempengaruhi produksi tanaman padi, (b) prognosa ketersediaan beras pada tahun 2030 mengalami defisit sebesar 141,677 ton, sehingga diperlukan langkah strategi untuk mengantisipasi. Eugenia Volume 18 No. 3  Desember 2012 Kata kunci : perubahan iklim, produksi
IDENTIFIKASI DAN POPULASI LALAT BUAH Bactrocera spp. PADA AREAL TANAMAN CABE, TOMAT, DAN LABU SIAM Kaurow, Hetsi A.; Tulung, Max; Pelealu, Jantje
EUGENIA Vol 21, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.21.3.2015.9692

Abstract

ABSTRACT Improvements to the identification techniques adapted to the latest determination key, requires socialization, so that the farmer can determine which plant pests have damaged many crops and causing losses. This study were conducted to determine species of fruit fly Bactrocera spp. and to determine the population of Bactrocera spp. attacking commodities chili, tomato and pumpkin siam. Research carried out by direct surveys on the area which is the center of the fruit and vegetable crops in Tomohon. Each stretch of the plants fruit vegetable crops of chili, tomato and pumpkin siam was laid trap.  The number of traps on each observation plots of vegetables or fruit per plant commodities were 5 (five) traps. The bottle trap was placed in the middle of planting vegetables fruit by a diagonal way. Traps of steiner models made of plastic bottles of 1.5 liters of mineral water and a perforated plastic funnel fitted as entrance fruit flies was used in this experiment. The tool is also equipped with a wire as a binder between the traps and wood enforcement to be put in planting fruit vegetables. Cotton was rolled with a diameter of about 3 cm and then tied with thread and put Methyl Eugenol (ME) of 0.25 ml and Cue-Lure (CL) as much as 0.25 ml by using the syringe and then hung in the middle of the bottle trap. Keywords : identification, population, Methyl Eugenol, Cue-Lure

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