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JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 2302609X     EISSN : 23026081     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35800/jpkt
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Tropis merupakan terbitan berkala ilmiah yang bertujuan menjadi sarana penyebarluasan hasil penelitian dan ilmu pengetahuan dalam bidang Perikanan dan Kelautan di daerah Tropis. Hasil penelitian akan diutamakan untuk diterbitkan. Namun demikian, redaksi juga menerima ulasan ilmiah berupa tinjauan teori, ulasan buku baru, komunikasi singkat dan karya ilmiah lainnya. Artikel bisa ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 2 (2013)" : 7 Documents clear
IDENTIFIKASI Bacillus sp. PADA BEBERAPA TAHAPAN PENGOLAHAN FROZEN TASTELESS SMOKED TUNA Onibala, Hens
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.516 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.7338

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan Bacillus sp. pada produk frozen tasteless smoked tuna dan menganalisa karakteristik Bacillus sp dengan uji mikrobiologi yang berhubungan dengan spesies-spesies yang potensial sebagai pembusuk dan patogen. Sampel yang digunakan berupa ikan tuna yang diambil dari PT. Sari Tuna Makmur Bitung pada tahapan proses pengolahan yaitu bahan baku, daging tuna yang telah diberi Karbon monoksida (CO) dan produk akhir. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali. Pengujian mikrobiologi meliputi pewarnaan Gram, pewarnaan spora, motility, fermentasi karbohidrat, katalase, indol, methyl red, vogues proskauer, sitrat, oksidase, H2S dan gelatin. Uji karakteristik pertumbuhan yaitu suhu, pH dan NaCl. Uji karakteristik patogenitas yaitu aglutinasi dan hemolisis. Hasil analisa total Bacillus pada beberapa tahapan proses pengolahan frozen tasteless smoked tuna yang tertinggi ditemukan pada daging tuna yang diberi CO yaitu 1,1 x 105 cfu/gr, yang diikuti oleh bahan baku 2,5 x 104 cfu/gr dan terendah pada produk akhir 1,9 x 104 cfu/gr. Berdasarkan hasil uji biokimia telah teridentifikasi 2 spesies yang diduga Bacillus yaitu B. cereus yang bersifat patogen bagi manusia dan B. coagulans yang potensial sebagai pembusuk. Kata kunci: Bacillus, Tuna, Karbon monoksida (CO).   This study aimed to identify the occurrence of Bacillus sp. on the products of frozen tasteless smoked tuna and to analyze the microbiological characteristics of Bacillus sp. including its pathogenic characteristics. Samples were tuna taken from PT. Sari Tuna Makmur Bitung, on processing phases, raw material, tuna meat treated with Carbon monoxide (CO) and final product. All Samples were taken on three times. Microbiological analyses, such as Gram-staining, spore staining, motility, fermentation of carbohydrates, catalase, indol, methyl red, Vogues Proskauer, citrate, oxidase, H2S and gelatin were done. The growth characteristics of isolated Bacillus were also done on some ranges of temperature, pH and NaCl, while the pathogenic analysis was done with agglutination and hemolysis test. Total analysis of Bacillus on all samples of frozen tasteless smoked tuna showed that the highest in tuna meat treated with CO, approximately 1.1 x 105 cfu/gr, followed by raw material, 2.5 x 104 cfu/gr, and then final product, 1,9 x 104 cfu/gr, respectively. According to biochemical test, two 2 species of Bacillus were identified, B. cereus which is potensial as human pathogen and B. coagulans as spoilage bacteria. Keywords: Bacillus, Tuna, Carbon monoxide (CO).
NEMATOSIT DARI TIGA SPESIES KARANG SCLERACTINIA, GENUS POCILLOPORA Paruntu, Carolus; Rifai, Husen; Kusen, Janny D
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (389.305 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4177

Abstract

Nematosit dari tiga spesies karang Scleractinia, yaitu Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi dan Pocillopora verrucosa yang mendiami terumbu karang di kawasan Pantai Malalayang, Manado, Pro­vinsi Sulawesi Utara diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Dari 25 tipe nematosit utama yang dikenal dalam filum Cnidaria, dua tipe di antaranya dijumpai pada ketiga spesies ini. Dua tipe utama nematosit, yaitu holotrichous isorhizas (HI) dan microbasic p-mastigophores (MpM) teramati pada P. eydouxi dan P. woodjonesi, dan hanya satu tipe, yaitu microbasic p-mastigophore (MpM) diamati pada P. verrucosa. Komposisi nematosit pada P. eydouxi serupa dengan P. woodjonesi, tetapi sangat berbeda dari P. verrucosa. Ukuran HI adalah berbeda antara P. eydouxi dan P. woodjonesi, dan juga ukuran MpM berbeda antara P. verrucosa dan P. eydouxi atau P. woodjonesi. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa komposisi dan dimensi nematosit cenderung bervariasi di antara ketiga spesies ini, walaupun berada dalam satu genus.   Perbedaan-perbedaan dalam nematosit ini diusulkan untuk dapat digunakan dalam klasifikasi karang. Kata kunci: Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi, Pocillopora verrucosa, nematosit, holotrichous isorhizas (HI), microbasic p- mastigophore (MpM).   Nematocysts of three Scleractinian corals, i.e., Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi and Pocillopora verrucosa occurring in the reef of the coastal area of Malalayang, Manado, North Sulawesi Province were studied. Of the 25 major types of nematocysts recognized in the phylum of Cnidaria, two types were encountered in these three corals. Two major types of holotrichous isorhizas (HI) and microbasic p-mastigophores (MpM) were observed in P. eydouxi and P. woodjonesi, and only one type of microbasic p-mastigophore (MpM) was observed in P. verrucosa. The nematocyst composition of P. eydouxi was similar to that of P. woodjonesi, but markedly different from that of P. verrucosa. The size of HI was different between P. eydouxi and P. woodjonesi, and also the size of MpM was different between P. verrucosa and P. eydouxi or P. woodjonesi. The present observation showed that nematocyst composition and dimension might be varied among these three corals. It is suggested that the differences in the nematocysts could be used in the classification of corals. Keywords: Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi, Pocillopora verrucosa, nematocysts, holotrichous isorhizas (HI), microbasic p- mastigophore (MpM).
RANCANGAN AWAL KAPAL PUKAT CINCIN 115 GRT Halim, Suryadi; Masengi, Kawilarang WA; Pamikiran, Revols DCh
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.713 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4178

Abstract

Merancang kapal merupakan tahapan dalam pembuatan kapal penangkap ikan, termasuk kapal pukat cincin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memetakan tahapan pem­buatan kapal pukat cincin 115 GRT yang dimulai dengan perancangan awal. Informasi cara perencanaan untuk pembuatan kapal baru sulit didapatkan. Untuk itu diperlukan beberapa hal yang perlu dijawab antara lain bagaimana cara mendesain baru kapal pukat cincin berkapasitas 115 GRT, kecepatan 11 knot dan jumlah pendega 10 orang, serta memberikan alternatif pengem­bangan terhadap desain kapal pukat cincin menjadi kapal yang lebih efisien guna memperlancar pengoperasian alat tangkap pukat cincin khususnya di Sulawesi Utara. Berdasarkan hasil peneli­tian maka diperoleh rancangan awal kapal ikan pukat cincin yang memiliki Lbp 27,23 m, Lwl 27,78 m B 6,10 m, D 2,95 m dan d 2,51 m, displacement 300,03 ton, daya angkut 145,02 ton dan daya muat ruang ikan 115,00 ton. Kata kunci: kapal, pukat cincin, rancangan, Sulawesi Utara.   Designing is a stage in the manufacturing of fishing vessels, including purse seiner.  This study was conducted with the aim of mapping the stages of manufacturing a 115 GT purse seiner.  Basic  requirements set for the newly designed purse seiner were as follows: has capacity of 115 GRT, speed of 11 knots and manned by 10 crews, as well as able to provide an alternative for the development of purse seiner vessel design for more effi­cient purse seine fishing in North Sulawesi. This study has resulted in a preliminary design of a purse seiner that has dimensions of  Lbp 27.23 m, Lwl 6.10 m 27.78 B, D 2.95 m and d 2.51 m; displacement of 300.03 tons, carrying capacity of 145.02 tons and load capacity of 115.00 tons of fish.Keywords: vessel, purse seine, design, North Sulawesi.
PENGGUNAAN DAYA MESIN PENGGERAK KAPAL PUKAT CINCIN KM. MAESTRO Pamikiran, Revols DCh
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (291.565 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4171

Abstract

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas dan efisiensi adalah penggunaan tenaga mesin (HP) dalam kegiatan penangkapan ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara mesin utama (HP) dan kecepatan kapal (v), mengestimasi kekuatan pendorong berdasarkan ukuran dan kecepatan kapal, serta menentukan kategori berdasarkan kecepatan kapal.  Penelitian terhadap kapal motor (KM) Maestro purse seine di Desa Kema III, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara memperlihatkan bahwa hubungan antara tenaga mesin (HP) dan kecepatan kapal (knot) mengikuti model persamaan matematis sebagai berikut: v (knot) = 13,05-6322 * exp (-0,000117 * (HP) ^ 1.715). dan (2). Hasil estimasi di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan kapal (knot) berdasarkan jumlah putaran mesin (rpm) dan tenaga mesin (HP) yang mengkategorikan kapal kecepatan tinggi. Kata kunci: mesin, horse power, kecepatan, kapal pukat cincin.   One of the factors that influence the effectiveness and efficiency of fishing activities is the use of power of the engine (HP) in fishing activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the main engine (HP) and speed of the vessel (v), and to estimate of propulsion power based on size and speed of the ship, as well as to identify the category based on her speed. The study on the Maestro purse seiner in Kema III village, North Minahasa regency, North Sulawesi, showed that the elationship between the power engine (HP) and speed of the ship (knots) followed a mathematical equation model: v (knots) = 13.05-6322 * exp (-0.000117 * (HP) ^ 1,715), and (2). The estimation in the field showed that ship speed (knots), based on the amount of the engine speed (rpm) and power engine (HP), could be categorized as high speed. Keywords: engine, horse power (HP), speed, purse-seiner.
SEBARAN SUHU DAN SALINITAS DI TELUK MANADO Kalangi, Patrice NI; Mandagi, Anselun; Masengi, Kawilarang WA; Luasunaung, Alfret; Pangalila, Fransisco PT; Iwata, Masamitsu
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (329.11 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4179

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sebaran suhu dan salinitas di Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Pengukuran suhu dan salinitas secara vertikal dilakukan di delapan tempat di teluk. Profil vertikal suhu dan salinitas memperlihatkan keberadaan pelapisan kolom air. Secara horizontal, kontur suhu dan salinitas di permukaan memiliki dua “kolam” massa air, yakni kolam yang bersuhu tinggi tapi bersalinitas rendah di bagian timur teluk dan kolam yang bersuhu rendah tapi bersalinitas tinggi di bagian barat teluk. Pada lapisan dalam, kontur suhu dan salinitas cenderung sejajar dengan garis pantai bagian timur. Kata kunci: suhu, salinitas, air sungai, Teluk Manado.   The objective of this research is to describe temperature and salinity distribution in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi.  The vertical measurements of temperature and salinity were done at eight locations in the bay.  The vertical profiles of temperature and salinity shows the existence of water column stratification.  Horizontally, temperature and salinity contours of the surface layer have two pools, i.e. a pool of high temperature but low salinity in the eastern part of the bay and a pool of low temperature but high salinity in the western part of bay.  In a deeper layer, the contours of temperature and salinity tend to be parallel to eastern coastline. Keywords: temperature, salinity, river discharge, Manado Bay.
DAERAH PENANGKAPAN IKAN TUNA (Thunnus sp.) DI SANGIHE, SULAWESI UTARA Tamarol, Joneidi; Wuaten, Julius F
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (304.384 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4172

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dan menginventarisir hasil tangkapan pancing tangan di Perairan Sangihe pada sembilan lokasi penangkapan ikan. Penangkapan ikan tuna di Perairan Sangihe terutama dengan menggunakan pancing tangan (tuna handline) yang oleh nelayan lokal dinamakan latage. Sarana tangkap yang biasa digunakan adalah perahu katir tipe pelang 3–5 HP; perahu katir tipe pumpboat 150 HP; kapal tipe lambut 150 HP. Hasil tangkapan perahu pelang yaitu tuna sirip kuning 2 ekor; perahu pumpboat yaitu cakalang 100 ekor dan panitang 402 ekor; kapal lambut yaitu madidihang 102 ekor; tuna mata besar 2 ekor. Madidihang paling tinggi tertangkap pada posisi geografis 3º47'N–125º19'E (ponton Marcopolo 03), sedangkan cakalang paling tinggi tertangkap pada posisi geografis 3º39'N–125º12'E (ponton Kendahe). Kata Kunci: tuna, penangkapan ikan, pancing tangan, latage, posisi geografis This study aims to map and to inventory the hand fishing catches in the waters of the Sangihe at nine fishing locations. Tuna fishing in the waters of the Sangihe mainly uses handlines (tuna handline) which is called latage by local fisherman. Fishing vessels used to catch tuna were pelang type 3–5 HP outrigger boats, pumpboat type 150 HP outrigger boat and lambut type 150 HP boats. The fish catches by each boat types were 2 yellow fin tunas by the pelang boats; 100 skipjacks and 402 panitangs by the pumpboat boats; and 102 yellow fin tunas and 2 big eye tunas by lambut boats. Highest number of yellowfin tunas was caught in the geographical position of 3º47'N–125º19'E (Marcopolo 03 pontoon) and while the highest number of skipjacks was caught in the geographical position of 3º39'N–125º12'E (Kendahe pontoon). Keywords: tuna, fishing, handline, latage, geographical position
SIPUT GASTROPODA PADA ALGA MAKRO DI TANJUNG ARAKAN DAN PULAU NAIN, SULAWESI UTARA Nono, Davidson R; Boneka, Farnis B; Gerung, Grevo S
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4173

Abstract

Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Taman Nasional Bunaken yakni Pantai Pulau Nain dan Tanjung Arakan pada bulan Februari 2012. Penelitian dimulai dengan menyusuri pantai pada pagi hingga siang hari saat air sedang surut dengan menggunakan alat snorkeling. Penelitian ini berhasil menemukan 15 jenis siput dari 9 famili dan 5 jenis alga makro dari 3 famili.  Komunitas siput gastropoda di kedua stasiun penelitian memiliki nilai indeks kesamaan sebesar 63%. Sedangkan komunitas alga makro memiliki nilai indeks kesamaan sebesar 75%. Hal tersebut menyatakan bahwa siput gastropoda dan alga makro di kedua stasiun penelitian relatif memiliki kesamaan dalam komposisi jenis. Untuk siput jenis Strombus labiatus, Strombus sp 1, Strombus urceus, Pyrene scripta, Cerithium rostratum, Cymatium vespacium, Phasianella solida, Vexillum vulpecullum, Gyrineum bituberculare dan Clanculus atropurpureus lebih cenderung memilih alga makro jenis Halimeda opuntia sebagai habitatnya. Relung ekologi Pyrene scripta di Tanjung Arakan dan Pulau Nain memiliki nilai yang tertinggi (maksimum). Hal ini menandakan bahwa siput Pyrene scripta merupakan siput yang generalis karena tersebar pada hampir seluruh jenis alga makro. Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Bunaken, gastropoda, alga makro, kesamaan komunitas, relung ekologi.   Samples were collected from Nain Island and Arakan Cape in Bunaken National Park area, in February 2012. The collection was conducted by snorkeling along the coastline in the morning, when the tide was low. This study found 15 species of slugs from nine families and 5 species of macro algae from three families. Communities of gastropod snails in both research stations have similarity index value of 63%, while the macro algae communities have similarity index value of 75%. This indicated that the gastropod snails and macro algae from both study sites were relatively similar concerning their species composition. Some slugs such as Strombus labiatus, Strombus sp 1, Strombus urceus, Pyrene scripta, Cerithium rostratum, Cymatium vespacium, Phasianella solida, Vexillum vulpecullum, Gyrineum bituberculare and Clanculus atropurpureus were more likely to choose the Halimeda Opuntia macro algae as their habitat. Ecological niche of Pyrene scripta on the Arakan Cape and Nain Island showed the highest value (maximum). This indicated that Pyrene scripta are generalized species that lived on nearly all types of macro algae.Keywords: Bunaken National Park, gastropoda, macro algae, similarity community, ecological niche.

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