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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 25806777     EISSN : 25806785     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
International Journal on Language, Research and Education Studies (IJLRES), published by English Language Center, Faculty of Education and Teachers Training, State Islamic University (UIN) of North Sumatra, Medan - Indonesia is an open access journal that can be used as the medium of interaction for all scholars in the range of Language, Research and Education Studies.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 164 Documents
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Juridical Analysis of Legal Protection for Land Deed Officials (PPAT) Undergoing Investigative Proceedings by the Supervisory and Advisory Council of PPAT Mirza Tri Liestina; Tunggul Anshari; Endang Sri Kawuryan
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.28996

Abstract

Land Deed Officials (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah or PPAT) play a central role in the Indonesian land law system because they are authorized to issue authentic deeds concerning land rights transactions. In practice, deeds made by PPAT may become disputed or linked to alleged criminal offences, placing PPAT in the investigation process. This study examines the legal protection available to PPAT during investigations and analyses the position and limits of the Supervisory and Guidance Council for PPAT within that framework. Using a normative juridical method with statutory and case approaches, this study analyses primary and secondary legal materials through grammatical and systematic interpretation. The findings show that legal protection for PPAT has been recognized through supervision, guidance, and legal assistance. However, the current regulatory framework does not yet provide clear procedures on the summons of PPAT, the limits of professional confidentiality, the use of deeds and official documents in investigations, and the forms of institutional assistance available. The Supervisory and Guidance Council for PPAT therefore remains important in institutional supervision, but has not been clearly formulated as a procedural control mechanism in the investigation stage. Stronger regulation is needed to ensure greater legal certainty and a more balanced relationship between investigative authority, official duties, and legal protection for PPAT.
Jurisdictional Ambiguity over Corruption Crimes Committed by Military Personnel under Indonesia’s New Criminal Law Framework Agustinus Purnomo Hadi; Prastopo Prastopo; Maya Sri Novita; Ridwan Ridwan
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.29436

Abstract

The enactment of Indonesia’s National Criminal Code raises a new legal issue concerning the jurisdictional position of corruption crimes committed by military personnel. The problem lies in determining whether the competent court should be based on the offender’s military status or on the special nature of corruption crimes, which involve state financial losses, abuse of public authority, institutional integrity, and public trust. This study uses normative juridical research with statutory, conceptual, and institutional approaches. The analysis examines the relationship between the National Criminal Code, anti-corruption legislation, military justice law, and selected court decisions involving corruption crimes committed by military personnel. The study finds that judicial practice still relies on military courts and connected-case mechanisms in handling such cases. However, these mechanisms have not fully resolved the ambiguity between offender-status-based jurisdiction and offense-based jurisdiction. This article argues that jurisdiction should be determined through a functional approach by considering the offender’s status, the nature of the offense, the object of loss, the lex specialis principle, public accountability, and the institutional purpose of anti-corruption adjudication. Military courts should remain relevant for offenses directly related to military discipline and command, while corruption crimes that harm state finances and public integrity should retain their special character within the national criminal justice system.
Doubts about the Strength of Financial Intelligence Documents as Evidence in Money Laundering Crimes Ade Putra R; Yuliati Yuliati; Yenny Etta Widyanti; Milda Istiqomah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.29336

Abstract

Based on the principle of legality, valid evidence in handling money laundering cases in Indonesia is one of them in the form of documents. The financial intelligence document issued by the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) is one of the documents that has been regulated in the provisions of the legislation which is a valid evidence. Recently, cases of Money Laundering Crimes (TPPU) that have occurred in Indonesia, such as cases involving insurance corporations, namely the case of PT Jiwasraya Insurance and PT Asabri Insurance, which used the capital market as a means to launder money from the predicate crime. This study aims to demonstrate by explaining the valid evidence in handling money laundering cases in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical based on legal analysis and cases, this study found legal ambiguity related to the provisions of Article 73 of Law Number 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering Crimes (PPTPPU Law). This study provides the conclusion that the harmonization of regulations that are open to multiple interpretations is needed so that law enforcement officers do not hesitate in applying these rules.
Independence of Penal Mediators: Efforts to Realize Impartial Restorative Justice in Indonesia I Wayan Prema Ardhaxena; Prija Djatmika
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.28949

Abstract

Keadilan restoratif di Indonesia bertujuan untuk menggeser paradigma hukum dari retributif ke restoratif, menekankan rehabilitasi daripada sekadar pemenjaraan. Namun, implementasinya saat ini masih terhambat oleh kurangnya regulasi spesifik mengenai kualifikasi dan independensi mediator pidana. Studi ini menganalisis urgensi mediator pidana independen dan merumuskan alternatif regulasi untuk memastikan imparsialitas dalam sistem peradilan pidana. Dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan legislatif, konseptual, dan komparatif, studi ini meneliti kesenjangan hukum antara regulasi sektoral yang ada dan standar internasional. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik saat ini, di mana petugas penegak hukum sekaligus bertindak sebagai mediator, menciptakan konflik peran yang mengancam netralitas dan kepercayaan publik. Tidak seperti standar komprehensif dalam mediasi perdata, mediasi pidana di Indonesia kurang memiliki sertifikasi dan pengawasan profesional yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembentukan model untuk mediator independen bersertifikat sangat penting. Model ini harus diintegrasikan ke dalam revisi Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana) untuk mencegah campur tangan kelembagaan dan memastikan bahwa proses keadilan restoratif mencapai penyembuhan sejati bagi korban, pelaku, dan masyarakat sambil tetap menjunjung tinggi prinsip pengadilan yang adil.
Meaning of Unlawful and Unjust Termination of Employment in Labor Law: A Perspective from International Law and National Law Achmad Jaka Mirdinata; Abdul Rachmad Budiono; Budi Santoso; Amelia Sri Kusuma Dewi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.29741

Abstract

This article examines the legal protection and justice for workers/laborers for unlawful termination of employment through a comparison between Indonesian labor law and international labor law standards. The main problem lies in the absence of an explicit normative definition of unlawful layoffs and the absence of a special compensation standard for workers/laborers who are terminated without valid reasons or without proper procedures. This study uses normative legal research methods with legislative, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches. The analysis focused on Indonesia's labor regulations, industrial relations dispute resolution mechanisms, the Government Regulation on layoffs, ILO Convention No. 158, the discourse on international labor rights, and court rulings related to unlawful layoffs. The results of the study show that Indonesian law has regulated layoff procedures and workers' rights, but has not explicitly distinguished between legal layoffs and unlawful layoffs as a separate legal category. In contrast, international labor law emphasizes the principles of legitimate cause, fair procedure, human dignity, and effective remedies as the standard of protection against unjust layoffs. This article argues that unlawful layoffs need to be constructed as a specific violation of a law that demands restorative justice, certainty of compensation, and access to effective dispute resolution.
Reach and Weaknesses of Asset Forfeiture Policy in Corruption Crimes in Indonesia Arizon Mega Jaya; Maroni Maroni; Ahmad Irzal Fardiansyah; Muhammad Akib
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 9, No 2 (2025): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v9i2.29901

Abstract

This article discusses the reach and weaknesses of the policy of asset forfeiture of corruption crimes in Indonesia. The main problem lies in the lack of optimal ability of the legal system to change the normative basis of asset confiscation into real state loss recovery. This research uses normative juridical methods with legislative, conceptual, and institutional approaches. The analysis is directed at the ability of asset forfeiture policies to reach hidden assets, assets transferred through third parties or nominees, assets located abroad, and assets that have been disguised through money laundering crimes. The results of the study show that the asset forfeiture policy in Indonesia has a normative reach through the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, the Money Laundering Law, mutual legal assistance mechanisms, and international cooperation. However, its effectiveness is still limited by the dominance of the conviction-based confiscation approach, the lack of clarity of proportionality parameters, weak beneficial ownership arrangements, the lack of strong third-party protection, limited asset tracing, the suboptimal execution of replacement money, and institutional coordination that has not been integrated. This article confirms that the renewal of the asset forfeiture policy needs to be directed towards a more integrated model, oriented towards asset recovery, and still guaranteeing the protection of rights within the principle of the rule of law.
A Comparative Study of Class Action Procedures in France and Lithuania as a Solution to the Legal Vacuum in Indonesia’s Administrative Courts Jeremiah Jung Liah; Shinta Hadiyantina; Sudarsono Sudarsono
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.29509

Abstract

Research on the absence of a class action mechanism in Indonesia’s Administrative Courts (PTUN) is crucial given the massive impact of government policies on groups of citizens. This study aims to analyze the legislative rationale behind current regulations, the legal implications of the regulatory vacuum, and to formulate an ideal class action framework for the PTUN through a comparative study with France and Lithuania. The research method employed is normative legal analysis using legislative, conceptual, comparative, and case-based approaches. The findings reveal that the absence of explicit rules leads to legal uncertainty and disparity in judicial decisions, as current procedures rely on civil procedural law that is incompatible with the public law characteristics of the PTUN. Based on the French and Lithuanian models, this study proposes redefining the legal subject as “members of the public” and integrating a standalone class action procedure into the PTUN Law. In conclusion, this transformation is crucial for realizing the principles of speedy and cost-effective adjudication, to ensure collective rights are protected from administrative arbitrariness in accordance with the ideals of the Indonesian welfare state.
Reformulation of Law Enforcement for the Transfer of LP2B Functions Based on a Community Empowerment Participation Model Rani Nurin Anjes Shinesti; Rachmad Syafa'at; Herlindah Herlindah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.29801

Abstract

Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LP2B) menghadapi tantangan signifikan akibat perluasan pariwisata komersial, seperti konversi lahan ilegal menjadi objek wisata di Desa Pandesari, Kabupaten Malang. Studi sosial-hukum ini, dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologis-hukum, bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penegakan hukum, implikasi yang ditimbulkannya, dan merumuskan model ideal untuk penegakan hukum di masa mendatang. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum administratif terhenti pada tahap peringatan tertulis, sementara jalur peradilan pidana lumpuh total karena tidak aktifnya Unit Khusus Kepolisian Nasional (PPNS). Implikasi hukum dari konversi penggunaan lahan ini mengakibatkan semua izin komersial yang dikeluarkan di dalam zona perlindungan sawah menjadi batal demi hukum ( nietigheid van rechtswege ). Secara non-hukum, terjadi penurunan besar dalam produksi hortikultura (kubis turun 35,8% dan wortel 44,8%) dan kegagalan regenerasi petani, meskipun di sisi lain, hal ini meningkatkan pendapatan daerah, memicu dilema fiskal bagi birokrasi. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa mekanisme penegakan hukum represif konvensional telah gagal membendung konversi lahan secara bertahap. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan agar penegakan hukum direformasi melalui “Model Pemberdayaan Partisipasi atau Kontrol Warga ”. Model ini mengintegrasikan sanksi hukum dengan lima elemen masyarakat yang responsif sebagai pengawas aktif untuk menggeser posisi masyarakat dari tingkat manipulatif non-partisipatif menuju kerangka kemitraan murni dalam LP2B.
Reconstruction of Bank Secrecy Legal Liability for the Use of Consent Combined in Bancassurance Salsabila Athamira; Sukarmi Sukarmi; Patricia Audrey Ruslijanto
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 1 (2026): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i1.29889

Abstract

The practice of bundling consent in bancassurance partnerships triggers legal uncertainty and the risk of customer personal data leaks due to the incompleteness of pre-contractual norms in the Banking Law in conjunction with the PPSK Law, which conflicts with the PDP Law. This normative legal research uses a legislative, conceptual, and case-based approach with a qualitative method of legal material analysis. The research findings indicate that the validity of bundled consent in standard clauses is conditional because it contains a defect of consent resulting from abuse of circumstances (misbruik van omstandigheden). Such bundled consent is null and void as a basis for bank secrecy exceptions unless the business entity provides separate clauses (granular consent) and a genuine right to opt-out for customers. This study concludes that there is a need to reformulate legal liability through the application of strict liability for banks as the primary data controllers and joint liability with insurance companies. This reformulation is essential to shift the legal function toward early prevention to ensure the protection of customer privacy.
Integration of the Authorities of APIP and BPK in Calculating State Financial Losses Murad Fadirah; Moh Fadli; Shinta Hadiyantina
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Inpress
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v10i2.30317

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal implications of the differences in the positions and sources of authority of the APIP and the BPK in calculating state losses against the evidentiary value of audit results in corruption cases, as well as to analyze the integration model of the APIP and BPK authorities to avoid potential differences in audit results in determining the amount of state financial losses. The research method used is normative juridical legal research. The approaches used are the statute approach, the conceptual approach, and the case approach. The results of this study indicate that the positions and sources of authority of the APIP and the BPK have implications for the evidentiary strength of audit results in corruption cases. The integration of authority between the APIP and the BPK can be done through a single gate authority mechanism that positions the BPK as the supreme audit institution that must be coordinated by law enforcement officials to avoid differences in audit results in calculating state losses.

Page 16 of 17 | Total Record : 164

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