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Task-Oriented Training In Rehabilitation of Gait After Stroke: Systematic Review Vijay ghag, Dr. Shweta; Shyam ganvir, Dr. Suvarna
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

TITLE-Task-oriented training in rehabilitation after stroke: systematic review. AIM- The aim of the present study is to provide an overview of the evidence in the literature on task-oriented training to improve balance and gait of stroke survivors. BACKGROUND- Stroke is the second leading cause of death and one of the leading causes of adult disability in the Western world.One of the major purpose of the rehabilitative process it to help patients achieve as high a level of functional independence as possible within the limits of their particular impairments.Task related training (TRT) is a rehabilitation strategy that involves the practice of goal-directed, functional movements in a natural environment to help patients derive optimal control strategies for alleviating movement disorders. DATA SOURCES- A range of databases was searched to identify papers addressing taskoriented training in stroke rehabilitation, including Pubmed Papers published in English between English between April 2000 to 2015 were included. There were 5 papers in the final dataset, including. REVIEW METHOD- The selected randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews were assessed for quality. Important characteristics and outcomes were extracted and summarized. CONCLUSION- Generally, task-oriented rehabilitation after stroke has proved to be effective and relevant for stroke practice. The possible mechanism for effectiveness of task related training may be attributable to an enhancement of presynaptic inhibition of the hyperactive stretch reflexes in spastic muscles, decrease in the cocontraction of spastic antagonists, and disinhibition of descending voluntary commands to the motoneurons of paretic muscle.

A Comparative Evaluation of The Practice of Self Medication In A Town of Western Maharashtra Maria, C.; A. Pratinidhi, Dr. Shilpa
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

Background: Medical professionals are nowadays facing an increased trend of their patients finding a cure to their illnesses by themselves. This has been on the rise since past few years with the advancements in technology and information available to all about everything. Self-medication, if practiced in an uncontrolled pace can cause serious ill-effects as well as fatalities in the population.Objectives: To study the prevalence of the practice of self-medication in the rural and urban population of a small town in western Maharashtra and assess its features, frequency, etc. and also to correlate it with the patientâs education, occupation, opinion and reasons.Study Design: A total of 100 participants with 50 eachin the two groups - urban and rural population, were selected on a random basis from amongst the OPD visitors of Dr. Bhausaheb Sardesai Talegaon Rural Hospital, Talegaon Dabhade, Taluka Maval, pune. Study questionnaire was distributed to them and collected back with their responses. Responses were recorded and analysed to obtain the results.Setting: Out-Patient Department (OPD) of Dr. Bhausaheb Sardesai Talegaon Rural Hospital attached to MIMER Medical College, Talegaon Dabhade, Pune.Data Sources and Analysis: Data was obtained from the questionnaire responses and tabulated in Excel 2010. Further, analysis was done to estimate the prevalence and other features of self-medication.Results: 72.34 % of the urban participants and 70.73 % had the practice of self-medication. The various reasons for it include high fees charged in medical facilities, time-consuming visits, recurring minor illnesses and a lot more. Many considered this practice as a cheap, efficient and time-saving mode of treatment.Conclusion: There is an increasing trend of self-medication. If not controlled adequately, this can lead to a further rise in adverse drug reactions and drug resistance among the growing population which poses a serious threat to the medical professionals as well as the human inhabitants all over the world.

TYPE 1NEUROFIBROMATOSIS AND EFFECTS ON THE STOMATOGNATIC SYSTEM Cardoso, InÃƒÂªs Lopes; Noronha, Anariely
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

Neurofibromatosis is a systemic hereditary disorder that mainly affects the skin and nervous system. It was identified for the first time by Friedrich Von Recklinghausen, being called the Von Recklinghausen syndrome. Some of the clinical symptoms can be visible since birth, however, most of them start to show up during childhood and adolescenceand, in women, phenotype becomes evident during pregnancy, due to the severe hormonal changesthat occur. The goal of this research was to understand the way type I neurofibromatosis can affect the oral cavity and how the dental doctor can help. For that, several papers were selected from the search on the websites Pubmed, Elsevier andUptoDateusing the following keywords: neurofibromatosis, oral health, neurofibroma, oral cancer, GTP, type 1 neurofibromatosis. Concerning clinical features at the oral cavity, more than one fourth of patients with this disorder can show neurofibromas in the mouth, usually isolated.Phenotype can include increased fungiform papillae, head and neck polyps, nodules in the posterior portionof the back of the tongue, dental mobility caused by lesionsin the gingival-dental-alveolar complex, changes in the number of teeth, molar retention, dental calculus, aplasia of the second bottom molarsandadvanced periodontal disease. Bone changes can be present like subperiosteal erosion, hyperplasia, hypoplasia, dysplasia in the wings of the sphenoidandshortsize.Concerning therapeutic strategies, some studies suggest that proteins of the mTOR pathway (mammalian target of rapamycin) can be the target for therapyof this disease in case of malignant transformation.

Hip Election Radiographic Plane In Total Hip Prostheses With Femoral Neck Preservation A, Palermo; A, Casabella; M, Formica; L, Molfetta
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 5 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

Background: In the preoperative planning of the hip prosthesis the radiography of the pelvis on which to plan the surgery remains the routine exam which helps the surgeon to make a correct implant; however, in some institutes, there are 2D-3D instruments and computerized navigators, which are able to plan the surgery. Dedicated radiographs can show the neck, on which to plan the level of subcutaneous resection (isthmus), the size of the component, the correction of the leg lenghtening.Material & Method: the Hip Election Radiographic Plane (HERP) of the hip is a particular radiographic projection âdedicatedâ to the best view of femoral neck, important for a correct planning of the implant with neck preservation. The x-ray, performed with a device that links the pelvis and not only the lower limb with the rigid hip, allows the entire femoral neck to be extracted in its chosen plane. A sample of 20 patients underwent standard X-ray and HERP X-ray, and then compared the planning data with the implant.Results: the result concerning preoperative planning on standard X-ray and on HERP X-ray highlights the greater reliability of the second about the identification of the isthmus and the choice of the size.Conclusions: the research of the HERP is the âdedicatedâ planning for the wnp prostheses, but useful for every other type of prosthetic femoral component, to make a plant as correct as possible

Seronegative Visceral Varicella Zoster Infection â A Not So Benign Skin Infection Tumma, Abishek; Shah, Darshan; Seo, Shiney
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 5 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection is usually a self-limiting cutaneous childhood disease typically occurring due to impaired cell-mediated immunity. One manifestation of VZV is a visceral infection accounting for less than 15% of all VZV infections. We describe a severe case of visceral varicella infection several months following an autologous stem cell transplant for a high-grade B-cell lymphoma. The patient initially presented with abdominal pain accompanied by severe hepatitis which preceded the cutaneous manifestation. Initial serological testing was negative due to significant hypo gamma globulinemia following previous chemotherapy. However, the diagnosis was confirmed on VZV DNA PCR analysis of the vesicles. The patient developed further visceral complications including encephalopathy, gastritis, hiccups, colonic pseudo-obstruction, normocytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia. The infection responded well to intravenous acyclovir and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. This is the first reported case report of seronegative VZV infection with an extensive visceral involvement likely caused by the underlying immunoglobulin deficiencies.

Effects of Co-Administration of Lycopene and / or Zinc on Serum Electrolyte In Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Wistar Rat A.D.T, Goji; K.A, Muhammed; J.A, Tende; I, Aisha
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 6 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

Background: The incidence of diabetes is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium(K+) and chloride (Cl-). This work was designed to study the effects of co-administration of Lycopene and/or Zinc onSerum Electrolyte in Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Wistar Rat.Material and Methods: Healthy albino rats weighing between 150g and 200g were used. The rats were randomlyallotted into six groups, each containing five albino rats respectively. Five of the groups ( II,III IV V and VI) were inducedwith diabetes by single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of freshly prepared in 0.1 mol/L citrate buffered solution (pH 4.5)of streptozotocin (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. Control (vehicle) rats wereinjected with equal volume of 0.1 mol/L citrate buffer. Four days after Alloxan injection, diabetes induction was confirmedby measuring fasting blood glucose level in a tail vein blood samples using ACCU-CHEK compact plus glucometer(Roche, France). Rats with glucose level of 200 mg/dl or higher were considered as diabetic. After the induction ofdiabetes the rats were treated using the Lycopene and Zinc separately and in combination respectively according togroup daily, whereas, the other group (I) was not given any treatment and this served as the normal control, providinga baseline data.Results: The diabetic treated groups had significantly (P < 0.05) higher serum Na+ concentration than the diabeticcontrol group. The diabetic treated groups had significantly (P < 0.05) lower serum K+ concentration than the diabeticcontrol. Also, the diabetic treated groups had significantly (P < 0.05) higher Clô concentration than the diabetic controlgroup. The diabetic treated group had significantly (P < 0.05) lower HCO3ô concentration than the diabetic controlgroup. The diabetic treated groups had significantly (P < 0.05) lower serum urea concentration when compared to thediabetic control. The diabetic treated groups showed significantly (P < 0.05) decrease in serum creatinine concentrationas compared to the diabetic control group.Conclusion: These anomalies were all ameliorated to about normal values after four weeks of treatment withLycopene+Zinc. This suggests the synergistic beneficial effects of lycopene acid and zinc against alloxan-induceddiabetes in Wistar Rats.

Riboflavin Is Ineffective For Maternally Inherited Mitochondrial Disease Finsterer, MD, PhD, Josef; Mahjoub, PhD, Sinda Zarrouk
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 6 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

With interest we read the article by Darin et al. about 13members of a family carrying the m.3250T>C mutation inthe tRNA(Leu) gene on the mitochondrial DNA1. Two ofthese patients were systematically treated with riboflavin butwithout a beneficial effect1. We have the followingcomments and concerns.

Mitochondrial Multiorgan Disorder Syndrome (Mimods) Due To Mutations In The Slc25a46 Gene Finsterer, MD, PhD, Josef; Zarrouk-Mahjoub, PhD, Sinda
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 6 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

In a recent article, Braunisch et al. reported about 4 patients(VI-5, VI-4, II-3, II-4) with pontocerebellar hypoplasia(PCH) due to mutations in the SLC25A46 gene1. We havethe following comments and concerns

Total Ischemic Time Versus Door-To-Balloon Time As An Outcome Predictor In St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Sigal, MD, Adam; Rajagopalan, MD, Priya; Fadahunsi, MD, Opeyemi; Koslow, MD, Michael; Wasser, PhD, Tom; Mengel, RN, Vanessa Cambria; Barbera, MD, Charles
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 6 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

BACKGROUNDAcute Coronary Syndrome is a common presenting condition to the emergency department and early reperfusiontherapy for patients with an ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention is therecommended treatment. The American Heart Association / American College of Cardiology has a 60 minutes goal forrestoration of coronary flow from the time of patient arrival.OBJECTIVETo review the impact of rapidly identifying STEMI patients and expediting transfer to the interventional cardiology suiteon restoration of blood flow times and metrics of cardiac injury, such as peak troponin and ejection fraction. To reviewthe impact of total ischemic time on similar metrics.METHODSWe conducted a single site retrospective review on STEMI patients undergoing the expedited process for reperfusioncompared to standard process.RESULTSExpedited transfer of patients to the cardiac catheterization suite resulted in significantly lower door-to-balloon times forpatients undergoing the âdrive-byâ process (mean 31.03, SD 4.05 vs mean 68.72, SD 45.09, p < 0.001), compared tousual care. The improved times, however, did not translate into improved metrics of peak troponin value or LVEF. Therewas a significantly lower peak troponin level (mean 57.14, SD 86.51 vs 97.73, SD 152.43, p=0.017) and a greater LVEFpercent at six months (56.41, SD 10.46 vs 52.56, SD 11.93, p = 0.039) for those with < 4 hour symptoms than thosewith 4 hours of symptoms.CONCLUSIONSymptom onset to balloon time has a greater impact on cardiac morbidity than door-to-balloon time.

Diabetes Type 2 And Dysautonomies: Prospective Study Over 5 Years About 300 Cases HALIMA, Pr BENJELLOUN; YASSINE, Dr ERRAHALI; JAD, Dr ISSOUANI; SANAE, Dr CHAKDOUFI; SOUAD, Dr MOUSSAOUI; GHIZLAINE, Pr BELMEJDOUB; AHMED ANAS, Dr GUEBOUB
Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences Vol 6 No 6 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences

Rational - Diabetes is by far, the leading cause of vegetative neuropathy in the world. Dysautonomia is one of the major complications of diabetes, it is responsible for very diverse manifestations that can, in advanced forms, be responsible for major dysautonomia affecting several organs. Nevertheless, it has been suggested recently, that a sympathetic hyperactivity would be predictive of the onset of type 2 diabetes. Our goal was to examine the relationship between type 2 diabetes and dysautonomia.Patients and methods - This is a prospective descriptive study that took place over 5 years from June 2013 to June 2018, involving 300 non-hypertensive diabetic patients recruited at the endocrinology department of diabetology Mohammed V military hospital in Rabat.Results â The association between sympathetic hyperactivity and type 2 diabetes in non-hypertensives diabetics was confirmed in our study (pâ¤0.05). Male subjects were found to develop more sympathetic hyperactivity than female subjects (pâ¤0.05). Also, there was a significant correlation between vagal impairment and the age of diabetes (pâ¤0.05). Conclusion â The responsibility for sympathetic dysfunction in the genesis or aggravation of metabolic disorders is currently confirmed.

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