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Relation of Soil Physical Parameters and Dominant Vegetation with Infiltration Capacity in Latuppa Sub-Watershed Palopo Indonesia Witno Witno; Yumna Yumna; Abdul Rahim
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9, No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30580

The inflitration capacity is the soil’s ability to accommodate water that seeps into the soil, reducing surface runoff that will cause flooding, such as in the downstream area of Palopo city. This study aimed to determine the influence of dominant vegetation and soil physical characteristics on infiltration in the upstream area of the Latuppa Sub-Das, Mungkajang District, Palopo city. Data collection was carried out by direct observation in the 2yumnaunanda588@gmail.com field in a purposive manner in 10 plots, which represent the condition of vegetation in the upstream area of the Latuppa watershed, and each plot consisted of 3 replications to observe infiltration and soil samples. The data were analyzed via the rational method, the Horton method, and vegetation index analysis. Additionally, the data were analyzed via simple linear regression and multiple regression analysis to determine the influence of the dominant vegetation and physical characteristics of the soil on the infiltration capacity. The highest infiltration capacity was found in plot 10, with an infiltration capacity of 107.5 mm/minute (6,450 mm/hour) and an average infiltration rate of 0.4 mm/minute (24 mm/hour). The dominant vegetation cover is Cananga odorata, with a vegetation index value of 78.41%. Plot 10 has a height of 362.79 masl, a gentle slope, a crumbly soil structure, a clay sand texture, a very high soil density and 2.10% organic matter. Based on observations and data analysis, the factors that influence the infiltration capacity in the upstream area of the Latuppa subwatershed are vegetation conditions, altitude, slope and physical properties of the soil.

Screening Mycelium of Macrofungi Isolates in Tahura Djuanda Bandung As A New Candidate for Biomaterial Inneke Andita Putri Laoli; Asri Peni Wulandari; Ulyaa Rachmawati; Dwi Ramadhani Sukmana; Annisa Handayani Dewi; Nia Rossiana
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9, No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30021

Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. HTML Source code: Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. Chat GPT: Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Abstract</title><style> p { text-align: justify; }</style></head><body> Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. </body></html> Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. Abstract. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is considerably more prevalent than other forms (85–90%). The risk of type 2 diabetes is higher in women (53.2%). There is an urgent requirement for better and more affordable treatment options considering DM therapy is expensive and may have adverse health effects. The study's objective is to examine how acute toxicity, blood glucose levels, and body weight are affected by Moringa leaf ethanol extract (MLEE). Maceration was employed to eliminate the leaves of the moringa plant. Phytochemical screening was completed to assess the total flavonoid content and screen for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and tannins. Acute toxicity testing was performed following OECD guideline 423. Clinical symptoms of acute toxicity were observed every 30 minutes for the first 24 hours post-treatment, followed by observations every 24 hours up to 14 days. The estimated LD50 range was determined. Streptozotocin/ nicotinamide-induced female Mus musculus was administered to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of MLEE. Six groups of mice were utilized, which included a healthy control group (aquades not induced), a negative control group (induced aquades), a positive control group (induced glimepiride 0.8 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups with varying dosages of MLEE (induced; 0, 100, and 150 mg/kg BW). A semi-auto chemical analyzer was employed on days 0 through 31 to determine blood glucose levels. An analytical digital balance was utilized to calculate the body weight. With a total flavonoid concentration of 20.75%, MLEE incorporated alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and tannins. MLEE demonstrated a significant effect in lowering blood glucose levels at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (P<0.05). A significant positive correlation has been identified between body weight and blood glucose levels (P<0.05). Soil arthropods play an important role in nutrient cycling and maintenance of soil structure. Thus, their abundance and diversity can indicate the biological quality of the soil. Due to different soil management practices, arthropods are also very sensitive to environmental changes. This study aims to analyze the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and the environmental factors that support the abundance of soil arthropods in terrestrial of Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. The methods used to obtain samples of soil arthropods are pitfall trap. Soil arthropod data were analyzed to determine the Shannon diversity index (H'), Margalef richness index (R), and Evenness index (E). The effect of abiotic environmental factors was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 1263 arthropods were found in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, belonging to 11 orders, 24 families, and 32 morphospecies. The current work determined the scores of H'= 2.08, R = 3,08, and E = 0.72 of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. Results revealed that humidity is one such environmental parameter affecting the presence of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. This research can be used as a guide in validating and conservation of the habitat of soil arthropod species on West Java Obesity has a 15-fold higher risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. Microalga isone of the natural resources that potentially treat obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant, and anti-obesity properties of ethanolic extract of microalgae strain MRB-2. The TPC was determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and the anti-obesity was analyzed using an anti-lipase pancreatic assay. The morphology of microalga cells was also determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the TPC of ethanolic extract from the ultrasound extraction method was higher than the maceration method with the value of 2.75±0.26 mg GAE/g. While the scavenging activity toward DPPH radicals of ethanolic extract from the maceration method was higher than ultrasound, with a value of 38.92±1.94% at 0.8 mg/mL. The lipase inhibitory activity of extract from the maceration method was higher than ultrasound with a value of 20.81±2.24% at 0.38 mg/mL. Our results indicate that ethanolic extract of MRB-2 was potentially developed for anti-obesity foods and health-functional foods derived from new peatland microalgae. Talinum paniculatum Jacq (Gaertn), locally known as Javanese Ginseng, is an essential medicinal plant characterized by high flavonoid content with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Compared to other natural sources, a larger number of T. paniculatum leaves is required to obtain high amounts of flavonoid for drug development. In this context, in vitro culture can be used to increase flavonoid production in a controlled condition without reducing plant population. The concentration of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) is capable of influencing biomass and flavonoid accumulation in callus culture from several species. Despite these benefits, there is limited information about the optimal concentration of PGRs for flavonoid production from T. paniculatum callus culture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the optimum concentration of 2,4-D and kinetin for callus growth, as well as flavonoid production from T. paniculatum. The investigation was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD), where young leaves explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L and kinetin (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L for callus and flavonoid production. The results showed that the highest callus biomass of 0.105 g was produced from MS medium with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D and 1 mg/L of kinetin. Meanwhile, the highest total flavonoid content of 25.66 mg QE/g DW was produced from media supplemented with 1 mg/Lof 2,4-D and 2 mg/L of kinetin. These results showed that different combinations of 2,4-D and kinetin were required to increase biomass and flavonoid production. In conclusion, this study provided valuable information for the development of bioactive compounds through in vitro culture. The mistletoe (Scurrula ferruginea) is a parasitic plant obtaining nutrients and water from host plants at Nglinggo tea plantation, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Despite the numerous benefits of Scurrula ferruginea leaf, substantiation regarding its pharmacological activity is still lacking. Therefore, this research aimed to identify Scurrula ferruginea species and obtain secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity. The experiment was carried out by extracting Scurrula ferruginea leaf using maceration methods with 96% ethanol, followed by qualitatively and quantitatively phytochemical screening, inhibitory zone test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test. Several compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids, were identified in the mistletoe extract. The results showed total flavonoid, phenolic, and tannin levels were 7.41 ± 0.38 mg QE/mg, 1672 ± 50.99 mg GAE/g, and 1.43 ± 0.15 mg TAE/g, respectively. Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract showed the potential to form an inhibition zone against S. aureus in the moderate category at 525 mg/mL, but no significant activity was observed against E. coli. The MIC results of Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract against S. aureus were 0.6%, and the MBC was at 2.4%. Furthermore, the MIC value against E. coli was 14%, and the MBC value was 28%. Based on these results, it could be concluded that Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract showed high effectiveness in inhibiting and killing S. aureus bacteria compared to E. coli, with MIC and MBC values of 0.6% and 2.4%, respectively Grand Forest Park (Tahura) Ir. H. Djuanda, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia is a secondary nature conservation area rich in biodiversity, including macrofungi which has not been widely studied. The research aims to isolate, characterize its morphology and screen its potential as a biomaterial source based on the growth of macrofungal mycelium. The research was carried out using an exploration method at three sampling locations: Maribaya (trail area), Goa Jepang (cave area), and Curug Koleang (waterfall area). The obtained macrofungi were isolated and identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic morphological characteristics and coded based on the location and number of isolates. A comparative evaluation was carried out by one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the average mycelial growth of the macrofungal isolates for 9 days on PDA. The results showed that there was a total of 62 species of macrofungi from three locations: 22 isolates from the Maribaya (MB) area, 18 isolates from the Goa Jepang (GJP) area, and 22 isolates from the Curug Koleang (CK) area. The isolates that showed the highest mycelium length and represented each research area were shown by MB-07 (63.98 ± 1.21 mm), GJP-01 (81.47 ± 0.41 mm) and CK-13 (72.14 ± 1.20 mm). Isolate GJP-01 from the Goa Jepang area has the potential to become a superior fungus in its ability to expand mycelium should be developed for mycelium-based material applications. Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Stevia) is used in the commercial and health industries because of its steviol glycosides (stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C) and flavonoids. Polyploidy induction of stevia plants using oryzalin was held to increase the diversity and produce superior varieties. This research aims to obtain stevia diversity with different characteristics from its diploid. The Tawangmangu variety of stevia seedlings was experimentally designed using a completely random design. Nine combinations of oryzalin concentrations (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5μM) and immersion times (4, 6, and 8 hours) treatments were applied to 15 stevia seedlings each. Stevia without treatment was used as a control. Treatments were applied directly to the shoots on the second internode from the tip. Observations on target shoots included the number of survivors, morphological variables (height, number of internodes, internode length, leaf size, leaf thickness, stem diameter, and leaf color), stomata, and plant ploidy level. Data analysis on the number of live plants used frequency and descriptively. Morphological data consisting of plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and stem diameter were analyzed using boxplot graphs and descriptive to describe the diversity of M1 stevia treatment results. Leaf color and stomata were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that up to 3.5μM concentrations of oryzalin and 6 hours of immersion time were safe to use as a mutation agent with above 67% survival rate. Various oryzalin treatments of Tawangmangu stevia varieties yielded polyploidy morphological growth indications in height, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, leaf size, leaf thickness, leaf color, stomata, and stem diameter. In addition, there are growth variations such as chimeras, rosettes, and leaf splitting. However, further flow cytometry tests showed that oryzalin concentration and immersion duration directly on the vegetative material did not produce polyploid stevia individuals.

Spores Morphological Characteristics of Several Ophioglossaceae and Psilotaceae Fern in "Eka Karya" Botanical Garden - Bali Ni Kadek Rika Pramesti; Wenni Setyo Lestari; Eniek Kriswiyanti; I Made Saka Wijaya
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.29453

Ferns of Ophioglossaceae and Psilotaceae families can be found in the "Eka Karya" Botanical Garden, Bali as a collection or naturally growing in the botanical garden and those families are taxonomically classified as primitive ferns. The morphological characteristics of the family of Ophioglossaceae and Psilotaceae or even other types of ferns can be known through the morphological characteristics of the spores. This study aimed to characterize the spore morphology of the Ophioglossaceae and Psilotaceae fern of The "Eka Karya" Botanical Garden. Observation of the morphological characteristics of spores in the "Eka Karya" Botanical Garden was carried out by a simple method without acetolysis. The result of six types of fern plants from the family of Ophioglossaceae and Psilotaceae showed similarities to the spore unit, monads. Each family has unique characteristics that can be used to differentiate each other. The family Ophioglossaceae has a variety of spore colors, trilete spore types, mostly globose-shaped (except for one species the trilobate), the average polar diameter is 28.59±2.19 – 31.00±2.49 μm and the equatorial diameter is 32.85±1.74 – 37.55± 1.71 μm, the P/E ratio is 0.79-0.87, the shape based on the P/E ratio is suboblate, the spore size category is medium and has radial symmetry. For the family Psilotaceae, has a pale yellow-green spore color, monolete type, elongate-ellipsoidal shape, average polar diameter of 26.20±2.76 –29.81±2.96 μm and equatorial diameter of 52.98±2.55 – 63.31±4.65 μm, P/E ratio of 0.47-0.49, shape based on P/E ratio i.e. peroblate, large spore size category and has bilateral symmetry. Those characteristics are valuable taxonomic data that can be used as diagnostic characters for the identification of the families Ophioglossaceae and Psilotaceae.

In Silico Studies of Bioactive Compounds from Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91 in Inhibiting Candida albicans Rina Hidayati Pratiwi; Endang Sulistyaniningsih; Jumadi Jepri
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9, No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.32147

Futoamide, Gentialutine, Gentiabetine, 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-dec- adienoyl] pyrrolidine, Lycopodine, Dihydro-lycopodine are bioactive compounds that can be obtained Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91. Previous research results indicate that P. azotoformans extract- ed with dichloromethane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate have antican- didal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. C. albicans is considered to become an opportunistic pathogen and well-known as the main cause of candidiasis. This study aims to determine the mech- anism of inhibition of bioactive compounds from P. azotoformans UICC B-91 on the growth of C. albicans using the molecular docking method. Docking was carried out using the targeted (Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase and Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase) dock- ing method with an exhausted parameter of 50. The size of the grid- box was adjusted to the position of the amino acid residues based on predictions of binding sites using PrankWeb. The docking results were obtained in the form of binding affinity resulting from the inter- action of the compound with the protein. Results showed that the three sample compounds had the potential to form strong and stable bonds with both protein targets with only two ligands show a binding energy value of less than -7 kcal/mol. In addition, the speed and stability of the bond between the sample and the target protein cannot exceed control ligands, thus it can be predicted the structure of ligand. Fu- toamide, 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-decadienoyl] pyrrolidine, Lycopodine, and Dihydrolycopodine had binding potential with Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase. For Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase, only Fu- toamide had the potential to form stable and strong bonds that similar to the control. It can be concluded that the futoamide, one of ligand from P. azotoformans compounds has the potential as a multitarget inhibitor of the two C. albicans proteins, because it has various affini- ties and interaction stability for Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase and Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase.

The Vulnerable Fishing Cat Prionailurus viverrinus from Wonorejo Mangroves, Surabaya, Indonesia Based on Morphology and Molecular Data Sunu Kuntjoro; Dwi Anggorowati Rahayu; Widowati Budijastuti; Winarsih Winarsih
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.29425

The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is a protected animal. Currently, the population in nature is declining due to over-fishing and changes in environmental quality. The existence of this fishing cat is an interesting finding that must be immediately studied at the morphological and genetic levels for certainty of its species. This study aimed to identify fishing cat from Wonorejo Mangroves, based on morphology and Cyt b genes analysis. The results of Cyt b identification obtained a DNA sequence length of 398 bp with a similarity value of the five Prionailurus sp. samples between 96.75 to 98.97%. The identification using molecular data consisted of five variations of nucleotide bases, and the average value of the genetic distance with the ingroup was 1.0%., The Cyt b DNA markers analysis succesfully identified fishing cat from Wonorejo Mangroves as Prionailurus viverrinus.

Detection of Plantaricin-Encoding Gene and Its Partial Purification in Lactobacillus plantarum BP102 Elsa Mega Suryani; Yoga Dwi Jatmiko; Irfan Mustafa
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.27851

Lactobacillus plantarum BP102 isolated from garlic bulb tissue has probiotic properties, including producing bacteriocin called plantaricin. This study aimed to detect the gene encoding bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum BP102, and to evaluate the bacteriocin activity at each stage of partial purification. After the end of the log phase of L. plantarum BP102 was determined, and the bacteriocin-encoding genes were checked by PCR technique. Partial purification of bacteriocin was elucidated including pH-neutralized cell-free-supernatant (CFS), precipitation using 80% of ammonium sulfate, and dialysis (cut-off 10 kDa), then the bacteriocin activity in every partial purification stage was evaluated. The molecular weight of plantaricin was estimated using SDS-PAGE analysis. Lactobacillus plantarum BP102 harbored the gene encoding plantaricin (pln) biosynthesis, namely plnEF and plnK genes. The activity of crude bacteriocin was inactivated by the presence of proteinase-K enzyme. The protein concentration was gradually decreased along with the purification process. The bacteriocin activity was demonstrated at each step of the purification process (CFS, precipitation, and dialysis) against Bacillus cereus by 9.23 ± 0.20 mm, 7.86 ± 0.15 mm, and 7.6 ± 0.10 mm, respectively; while, Escherichia coli by 10.3 ± 0.55 mm, 7.4 ± 0.1 mm, and 6.86 ± 0.45, respectively. The molecular weight of partially purified bacteriocin BP102 was found to be approximately 15.9 kDa. The overlaid part of the gel showed a slight inhibition against E. coli due to a low protein concentration. This bacteriocin purification process should be further optimized to improve the bacteriocin activity that could be useful for food preservation.

Diversity and Abundance of Soil Arthropods in Terrestrial Area of Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia Bahana Aditya Adnan; Tiktiek Kurniawati; Manap Trianto
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9, No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.33980

Soil arthropods play an important role in nutrient cycling and maintenance of soil structure. Thus, their abundance and diversity can indicate the biological quality of the soil. Due to different soil management practices, arthropods are also very sensitive to environmental changes. This study aims to analyze the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and the environmental factors that support the abundance of soil arthropods in terrestrial of Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. The methods used to obtain samples of soil arthropods are pitfall trap. Soil arthropod data were analyzed to determine the Shannon diversity index (H'), Margalef richness index (R), and Evenness index (E). The effect of abiotic environmental factors was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 1263 arthropods were found in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, belonging to 11 orders, 24 families, and 32 morphospecies. The current work determined the scores of H'= 2.08, R = 3,08, and E = 0.72 of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. Results revealed that humidity is one such environmental parameter affecting the presence of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. This research can be used as a guide in validating and conservation of the habitat of soil arthropod species on West Java

Stevia Local Tawangmangu Generation M1 Result of Oryzalin Treatment Dian Susanti; Parjanto Parjanto; Sari Haryanti
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9, No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.31634

Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Stevia) is used in the commercial and health industries because of its steviol glycosides (stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C) and flavonoids. Polyploidy induction of stevia plants using oryzalin was held to increase the diversity and produce superior varieties. This research aims to obtain stevia diversity with different characteristics from its diploid. The Tawangmangu variety of stevia seedlings was experimentally designed using a completely random design. Nine combinations of oryzalin concentrations (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5μM) and immersion times (4, 6, and 8 hours) treatments were applied to 15 stevia seedlings each. Stevia without treatment was used as a control. Treatments were applied directly to the shoots on the second internode from the tip. Observations on target shoots included the number of survivors, morphological variables (height, number of internodes, internode length, leaf size, leaf thickness, stem diameter, and leaf color), stomata, and plant ploidy level. Data analysis on the number of live plants used frequency and descriptively. Morphological data consisting of plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and stem diameter were analyzed using boxplot graphs and descriptive to describe the diversity of M1 stevia treatment results. Leaf color and stomata were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that up to 3.5μM concentrations of oryzalin and 6 hours of immersion time were safe to use as a mutation agent with above 67% survival rate. Various oryzalin treatments of Tawangmangu stevia varieties yielded polyploidy morphological growth indications in height, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, leaf size, leaf thickness, leaf color, stomata, and stem diameter. In addition, there are growth variations such as chimeras, rosettes, and leaf splitting. However, further flow cytometry tests showed that oryzalin concentration and immersion duration directly on the vegetative material did not produce polyploid stevia individuals.

Pteridophytes Diversity and Distribution Along The Elevational Gradient of Mount Penanggungan's Hiking Trail, East Java, Indonesia Muhammad Asmuni Hasyim; Berry Fakhry Hanifa; Luhur Septiadi; Firman Firdaus; Yudha Setya; Rizki Mujahidin Mulyono; Caesar Rasendria Achmad; Mochammad Nur Izzul Haq
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.24938

Pteridophytes (ferns) are a fundamental element of tropical rainforests, which provide excellent microhabitats for their development. In addition, the sensitivity of pteridophytes to shifts in microclimate and anthropogenic disturbances makes them excellent environmental bioindicators. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and distribution of pteridophytes along the elevational gradient of two well-known hiking trails of Mount Penanggungan, East Java, Indonesia. Using a 10x10 m2 plot and transect line, we examined the composition, species diversity using Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), relative abundance, and distribution pattern using Morisita index of dispersion (Id) of ferns along an elevational gradient (700–1500 m above sea level) on the hiking trails of Mount Penanggungan, i.e., Tamiajeng and Kunjorowesi. As many as 14 species from 7 families living in both terrestrial and arboreal types were identified. Species composition along the elevation gradient revealed a pattern of predominating species. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') indicated a moderate level of diversity, where many pteridophytes species are found on the altitude gradient between (700-900 m dpl), and the Morisita index of dispersion (Id) indicated a clustered distribution pattern for most of the species. This pattern of diversity and distribution can be explained by changes in biotic and abiotic factors.

Effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on Biomass and Flavonoid Production of Talinum paniculatum Callus Culture Sarah Mega Pratenna Kaban; Ratih Restiani; Dwi Aditiyarini
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9, No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.33788

Talinum paniculatum Jacq (Gaertn), locally known as Javanese Ginseng, is an essential medicinal plant characterized by high flavonoid content with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Compared to other natural sources, a larger number of T. paniculatum leaves is required to obtain high amounts of flavonoid for drug development. In this context, in vitro culture can be used to increase flavonoid production in a controlled condition without reducing plant population. The concentration of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) is capable of influencing biomass and flavonoid accumulation in callus culture from several species. Despite these benefits, there is limited information about the optimal concentration of PGRs for flavonoid production from T. paniculatum callus culture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the optimum concentration of 2,4-D and kinetin for callus growth, as well as flavonoid production from T. paniculatum. The investigation was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD), where young leaves explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L and kinetin (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L for callus and flavonoid production. The results showed that the highest callus biomass of 0.105 g was produced from MS medium with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D and 1 mg/L of kinetin. Meanwhile, the highest total flavonoid content of 25.66 mg QE/g DW was produced from media supplemented with 1 mg/Lof 2,4-D and 2 mg/L of kinetin. These results showed that different combinations of 2,4-D and kinetin were required to increase biomass and flavonoid production. In conclusion, this study provided valuable information for the development of bioactive compounds through in vitro culture.

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Jawa barat

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