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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biodjati
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : 25481606     EISSN : 25414208     DOI : 10.15575/biodjati
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 482 Documents
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Genetic Variation of Structural and Functional Genes of SARS-CoV-2 Isolates Circulating in Banyumas (Indonesia) Anwar Rovik; Clearensia Ade Bina Noviani
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.25132

Abstract

Scientists are performing various measurements to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. The genomic mutations of SARS-CoV-2 can change their pathogenicity, infectivity, transmission, and antigenicity. This present study aimed to know a) the genetic variation of structural and functional genes of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Banyumas and b) the potential of the Cilacap’s Harbour as a human mobility portal on the genetic variations of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Banyumas, Central Java (Indonesia). Genomic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 isolates were taken from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) online platforms. A gene cut was carried out from Wuhan reference isolate, fifteen isolates from Banyumas, and two isolates from Cilacap (Central Java) using Unipro UGENE v. 33.0 software, considering the annotation of the Wuhan-1 isolate. Genetic variations were detected among SARS-CoV-2 isolates circulating in Banyumas. The structural protein (envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid) encoding gene and the RdRp gene were highly conserved to Wuhan reference genome (Wuhan-Hu-1). Meanwhile, the ORF and the spike-encoding genes were less identical to the Wuhan reference genome. This study also proposed that human mobility from outside Central Java through Cilacap’s Harbour did not affect the genetic variation of SARS-CoV-2 isolates circulating in Banyumas (Central Java).
Effective Combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed Extract on Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice Retno Susilowati; Ulfa Maynisa Rohmanningrum
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.19968

Abstract

High levels of free radicals in diabetic wounds often cause chronic inflammation. Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extracts are rich in antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory effects. Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extracts can also accelerate the reepithelialization process in wound healing. This study aimed to determine the combination of ethanol extract of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds on wound length and the number of neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts, and collagen density in the incision wound of diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin. T. This study used three types of controls, namely Normal (Normal mice,  HPMC 3%),  DM (Diabetic mice, HPMC 3%), and Iodine (Diabetic mice, Povidone Iodine 10%). Topical treatment with 70% ethanol extract ointment combined with Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum in various variations, namely N (20%:0%), T (0%:10%), NT (10%:5%), Observations of the wound healing process were carried out on 3rd, 7th and 14th day. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test. The study's results by observing the morphology of the wound length on day 7th day showed that the combination treatment of extracts of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum resulted in the shortest wound, which was significantly different from the wound in untreated diabetic mice. In addition, diabetic wounds without treatment showed infection, and on the contrary, the infection did not occur in wounds treated with a combination of extracts of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum. The results of wound histology observations showed that the combination treatment of extracts of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum showed a decrease in inflammation which was indicated by a significant decrease in the number of neutrophil cells, macrophages, and accelerated reepithelialization of wound healing as indicated by a significant increase in the number of fibroblasts and collagen density since the third day of treatment.
Age Structure, Growth, and Mortality of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus,1758) in Banten Bay Waters Imadiah Aulia; Muta Ali Khalifa; Ani Rahmawati; Muhammad Syauqi; Mila Wahyuningsih; Syifa Jihan Raimahua; Wilda Akmalia
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.22884

Abstract

Blue swimming crab (BSC) (Portunus pelagicus) is the main fisheries commodity in Banten Bay, with the highest catch of catch occurring in the west monsoon. Increased fishing efforts have reduced the catch, as indicated by a decrease in the average size of carapace width. Overfishing might influence the life cycle and population structure of the BSC. This research aims to analyze the growth and mortality of the Blue Swimming Crab in Banten Bay, especially in the west monsoon. Blue swimming crab samples were obtained from the catch of fish trap and gillnet fishermen with landing sites around the Karangantu Archipelago Fishing Port. Growth, age, and mortality were predicted based on the measurement of total carapace width and body weight. Data were analyzed using Fisat II and Microsoft Excel. The frequency distribution of carapace showed one mode class which normally was distributed consisting of only one age structure group (cohort). The relationship between carapace width and weight of males or females resulted in a slope value (b>3) and was positive allometric, indicating that both sexes had a faster weight gain than the increase in carapace width. Growth parameters resulted asymptotic length (L∞); male 176.75 mm and female 176.46 mm. The growth was relatively fast, with a growth coefficient value of more than one. The mortality showed that the fishing mortality value (F);in males was 3.47 /year and in females 2.69/year was greater than the natural mortality value (M); males 1.25/year and females 1.22/year. Blue Swimming Crabs in Banten Bay had overfished as shown by the high fishing mortality value and there were still many BSC that were caught below the legal size allowed. Thus, catches should be controlled to keep the population and for sustainable fisheries.
Endemic Bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) of the Lesser Sunda Islands I Putu Gede P. Damayanto; Himmah Rustiami; Miftahudin Miftahudin; Tatik Chikmawati
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.25015

Abstract

More than 40 species of bamboo were known from the Lesser Sunda Islands (LSI), including several endemic species. Endemic species are often highly specialized, found in limited geographical areas, and vulnerable to extinction if their habitat is destroyed. This study aimed to provide an account of endemic bamboo species on the LSI. Fieldwork involved collecting samples of bamboo in the LSI. Herbarium specimens of bamboo deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense (BO), collected from the LSI were examined, and endemic LSI species were recorded. The conservation status followed the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list categories and criteria. The conservation status of unassessed species was evaluated using IUCN red list categories and criteria. A spatial analysis was also conducted. Data were analyzed and presented descriptively. There are 10 endemic bamboo species in the LSI, namely Bambusa ooh Widjaja & Astuti from Bali (conservation status: endangered), Chloothamnus reholttumianus (Soenarko) Widjaja from Sumba (vulnerable), C. schmutzii (S.Dransf.) Widjaja from Sumbawa and Flores (near threatened), Dinochloa kostermansiana S.Dransf. from Sumba and Flores (near threatened), D. sepang Widjaja & Astuti from Bali (vulnerable), Fimbribambusa rifaiana Widjaja from Alor (near threatened), Gigantochloa aya Widjaja & Astuti from Bali (vulnerable), G. baliana Widjaja & Astuti from Bali (vulnerable), G. taluh Widjaja & Astuti from Bali (vulnerable), and Schizostachyum purpureum Damayanto & Widjaja from Sumba (data deficient). They can be found at an altitude of 20–1700 m in various habitats, including forests, bamboo forests, villages, botanical gardens, along a road, slopes, valleys, riverbanks, and around a lake.
Leaf Anatomy Profile of Begonia Section Platycentrum Sphenanthera Group From Java and Sumatera, Indonesia Intani Quarta Lailaty; Muhammad Efendi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.20190

Abstract

Anatomical studies have been used in the classification and identification of Begonia species. However, the research on Indonesian native Begonia is still limited. This study focused to evaluate the importance of leaves’ anatomy character for the identification and classification purpose of the Sphenanthera group in Java and Sumatra. A total of six individuals of four Begonia species used in this study, namely Begonia multangula, B. longifolia, B. pseudoscottii, and B. robusta. This study aimed to describe the anatomical characters of the leaves that are useful in the identification and grouping of Begonia section Platycentrum–Sphenanthera. The anatomical preparations used the paraffin method for the cross-section of leaves and the semi-permanent method for paradermal observations. In general, the epidermal cells of paradermal Begonia leaves are polygonal in shape. Consistently, Begonias have single-type stomata with an anisocytic type which are only present on the abaxial leaves. Begonia Sphenanthera group has a thin cuticle (less than 2 µm), both in the abaxial and adaxial surfaces. The lower epidermis cells are smaller than the upper epidermis cells. The mesophyll is differentiated into palisade and spongy tissue. The number and form of mesophyll tissue are varied, therefore useful for diagnosing an important character in the grouping of Begonias from this section.
The Relationship of Sweet Potato Germplasm Based on Morphological Characters Wiwit Rahajeng; Joko Restuono; Febria C. Indriani
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.19331

Abstract

Information about the morphological and genetic characteristics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is important in the variety development program. This experiment aimed to determine the diversity and genetic relationship of sweet potato accessions from NTT based on morphological character data. The research was carried out at Kendalpayak Research Station, Malang, East Java  from April - September 2019. The materials used were seventy-one sweet potato germplasm from the ILETRI collection (collected from NTT). Each accession was planted on a 1 m × 5 m plot size, with a spacing of 100 × 20 cm (single row). Fertilization was carried out using a dose of “100 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 + 200 kg KCl ha-1”. The observed characters were the vines length, growth type, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size, leaf bone color, leaf shape, leaf characteristics, lobes number, lobe shape, mature leaf color, shoot color, pigmentation of petiole, young stems pigmentation (dominant and secondary color), young leaves feathers, tuber skin color, tuber flesh color, weight of canopy, number of tubers perplot, weight of tubers perplot, number and weight of tubers perplot. Cluster analysis was carried out using the Minitab 17 program. There was morphological diversity in seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm from NTT. Principal component analysis resulted in seven main components with the proportion of diversity 76.3%. cluster analysis, seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm were divided into fifteen accession groups on the basis of 80% degree. Characteristics of shoot color, mature leaf color, leaf size, petiole pigmentation, and leaf bone color contributed greatly to the total diversity.
Growth, Food Efficiency, and Enzyme Activities in Yellow Rasbora (Rasbora lateristriata) at Different Feeding Frequencies Untung Susilo; Yulia Sistina; Eko Setio Wibowo; Hanan Hassan Alsheikh Mahmoud; Hana Hana; Farida Nur Rachmawati
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.25029

Abstract

Many studies have been conducted on the feeding frequency in fish, but there is no information on R. lateristriata. Therefore, this study aimed to determine yellow rasbora growth performance, feed efficiency, and digestive enzyme activity at different feeding frequencies. This research was conducted experimentally with four treatments and three replications. The treatments include: P1 fish were fed two times/day; P2 fish were fed three times/day; P3 fish were fed four times/day; and P4 fish were fed five times/day. In this experiment, 420 two-month-old yellow rasboras were used. The experimental results showed that body weight gain, RGR, SGR, CF, FCR, PER, body lipid & protein levels, protein and lipid retention, protease, and amylase activity were not significantly different (p>0.05) between different feeding frequencies. However, lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities differed significantly among the different feeding frequencies. Growth performance, feed efficiency, protease activity, and yellow rasbora amylase are not affected by feeding frequency between two to five times a day. Still, the highest lipase and alkaline phosphatase activity were achieved at the feeding frequency four times a day, but no effect on growth. So, feeding twice a day is considered quite efficient for the culture of yellow rasbora. The results of this study can contribute to the development of fish farming, especially the yellow rasbora, in the future.
Gastropods on Marine Debris at Mangrove Ecosystem Nanda Radhitia Prasetiawan; Ratna Amalia Kurniasih; Putri Milenia Damayanti; Muhammad Agus
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.20634

Abstract

The mangrove ecosystem is one of the accumulation areas for various marine debris including plastic and also the habitat for gastropods. This condition allows direct contact between gastropods and debris which can be an entranceway for contamination in biota. This study aimed to know the species of gastropods in the marine debris in the Bulaksetra mangrove ecosystem in Pangandaran. The method used was stratified random sampling with a transect line of 100 m. Gastropods and debris in the 1 m x 1 m square in the 10 m x 10 m plot were collected, identified, counted, and determined in composition. There were 22 types of marine debris in the Bulaksetra mangrove ecosystem which were dominated by plastic. 16 species of gastropods were found in the area around the debris and 15 species were found attached to the debris. Gastropods can be found on the top, middle, or bottom surfaces of plastic waste. Faunus ater and Terebralia palustris dominate in the surrounding area and the debris. Treefauna gastropods utilize stuck debris to move from one part to another part of the tree. Plastic waste has become part of the mangrove habitat and there are interactions with gastropods that use it as a living medium.
Lactic Acid Bacteria from Mangrove Sediment Produce Bacteriocins Active Against Gram-Positive and Negative Bacteria Dyah Fitri Kusharyati; Fira Julian Ariaputri; Hendro Pramono; Anwar Rovik
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.24856

Abstract

Mangrove is a unique ecosystem. Only a few studies have explored the presence of lactic acid bacteria and their roles in mangrove ecosystems. From mangrove sediments at Logending Beach in Jawa Tengah (Indonesia), the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolates LG-50, LG-107, and LG-114 were discovered. They produce bacteriocins. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of LAB isolates, antimicrobial activity, and physicochemical properties of bacteriocins. LAB isolates were characterized by morphology, physiology, and biochemistry. The production of bacteriocin was performed by salting-out method, followed by testing its antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Isolates LG-50, LG-107, and LG-114 are thought to be in the Lactobacillus group. The crude bacteriocin can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The average inhibition zones against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 16.67 mm and 22.17 mm, respectively. The crude bacteriocin tested positive for ninhydrin. It confirmed the crude bacteriocin was a protein and sensitive to the proteolytic enzyme. SDS-PAGE analysis presented the molecular weight of crude bacteriocin was 38 kDa. This present study supports the potential use of bacteriocin in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Effect of Mercury Stress on the Growth and Lipid Content of Euglena sp. and Echinodorus palaefolius Wisnu Eka Wardana; Dea Hastaning Tantri; Marshanda Nur Roosyana Afifah; Hasna Nur Aini; Dwi Umi Siswanti; Khusnul Qonita Maghfiroh; Tia Erfianti; Ria Amelia; Dedy Kurnianto; Eko Agus Suyono
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8, No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.23764

Abstract

One way to reduce the adverse effects of the heavy metals mercury in the aquatic environment are using organisms to break down or convert toxic substances into non-toxic forms, either by phytore- mediation or phycoremediation. This research aimed to analyze the growth and lipid content of Euglena sp. after mercury exposure. This research also aimed to analyze the growth of E. palaefolius which is associated with Euglena sp. In this study, the bioremediation ability of Euglena sp. and Echinodorus palaefolius through treatment with mercury concentrations of 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, and 20 ppm, as well as association and non-association treatments. The parameters are the growth of Euglena sp. and the association between Euglena sp. andE. palaefolius measurement and lipid content. The result of the growth of Euglena sp. experienced a significant increase. Lipid content in Euglena sp. was also seen high at 10 ppm mercury concentration. In E. palaefolius, the ability to adsorb heavy metals was also shown by the large diameter of the stems and also the plant growth which has  optimal growth in the treatment of 10 ppm mercury stress.

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