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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biodjati
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : 25481606     EISSN : 25414208     DOI : 10.15575/biodjati
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 497 Documents
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Lactic Acid Bacteria from Mangrove Sediment Produce Bacteriocins Active Against Gram-Positive and Negative Bacteria Kusharyati, Dyah Fitri; Ariaputri, Fira Julian; Pramono, Hendro; Rovik, Anwar
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.24856

Abstract

Mangrove is a unique ecosystem. Only a few studies have explored the presence of lactic acid bacteria and their roles in mangrove ecosystems. From mangrove sediments at Logending Beach in Jawa Tengah (Indonesia), the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolates LG-50, LG-107, and LG-114 were discovered. They produce bacteriocins. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of LAB isolates, antimicrobial activity, and physicochemical properties of bacteriocins. LAB isolates were characterized by morphology, physiology, and biochemistry. The production of bacteriocin was performed by salting-out method, followed by testing its antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Isolates LG-50, LG-107, and LG-114 are thought to be in the Lactobacillus group. The crude bacteriocin can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The average inhibition zones against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 16.67 mm and 22.17 mm, respectively. The crude bacteriocin tested positive for ninhydrin. It confirmed the crude bacteriocin was a protein and sensitive to the proteolytic enzyme. SDS-PAGE analysis presented the molecular weight of crude bacteriocin was 38 kDa. This present study supports the potential use of bacteriocin in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Growth, Food Efficiency, and Enzyme Activities in Yellow Rasbora (Rasbora lateristriata) at Different Feeding Frequencies Susilo, Untung; Sistina, Yulia; Wibowo, Eko Setio; Mahmoud, Hanan Hassan Alsheikh; Hana, Hana; Rachmawati, Farida Nur
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 1 (2023): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i1.25029

Abstract

Many studies have been conducted on the feeding frequency in fish, but there is no information on R. lateristriata. Therefore, this study aimed to determine yellow rasbora growth performance, feed efficiency, and digestive enzyme activity at different feeding frequencies. This research was conducted experimentally with four treatments and three replications. The treatments include: P1 fish were fed two times/day; P2 fish were fed three times/day; P3 fish were fed four times/day; and P4 fish were fed five times/day. In this experiment, 420 two-month-old yellow rasboras were used. The experimental results showed that body weight gain, RGR, SGR, CF, FCR, PER, body lipid & protein levels, protein and lipid retention, protease, and amylase activity were not significantly different (p>0.05) between different feeding frequencies. However, lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities differed significantly among the different feeding frequencies. Growth performance, feed efficiency, protease activity, and yellow rasbora amylase are not affected by feeding frequency between two to five times a day. Still, the highest lipase and alkaline phosphatase activity were achieved at the feeding frequency four times a day, but no effect on growth. So, feeding twice a day is considered quite efficient for the culture of yellow rasbora. The results of this study can contribute to the development of fish farming, especially the yellow rasbora, in the future.
The Effects of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma Longifolia Jack) Product on Liver Histology of Wader Pari (Rasbora Lateristriata Bleeker, 1854) Jihan Restu Buana; Bambang Retnoaji
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.47944

Abstract

Eurycoma longifolia Jack (commonly known as pasak bumi) is a medicinal plant that contains various bioactive compounds such as eurycomanone, saponins, sterols, and isoprenoids, which are known to exert multiple physiological effects, including on the liver as an organ. This study aimed to examine the effects of pasak bumi root product on liver histology in yellow rasbora (Rasbora lateristriata) as an animal model and to compare the effects between continuous and cyclic (5 days ON, 2 days OFF) administration methods. The experiment lasted 2 weeks, with three treatment groups: control (no extract), continuous administration (P1), and cyclic administration (P2). Observed parameters included liver tissue structure, such as the central vein and hepatocytes arrangement, as well as histological features of hepatocytes. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test. The results showed that pasak bumi administration affected the histological structure of the liver in R. lateristriata, with observable cellular damage including pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and necrosis. Continuous treatment (P2) caused more severe damage than cyclic treatment (P1), which showed tissue structures more similar to those of the control group. Therefore, cyclic administration is considered safer and tends to induce milder liver damage in fish than continuous administration
Enhanced Lipid Production from Zygosaccharomyces siamensis AP1 by UV Mutagenesis and Cerulenin Selection Miftahul Ilmi; Chris Elian Beryl Setiady
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.51921

Abstract

Yeast-derived single-cell oils (SCOs) are promising renewable lipid sources for biodiesel and high-value bioproducts. Among oleaginous yeasts, Zygosaccharomyces siamensis AP1, isolated from Indonesian wild bee honey, demonstrates significant potential for lipid production; however, further improvement is needed for industrial-scale applications. This study aimed to enhance lipid accumulation in Z. siamensis AP1 via ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis, followed by selective screening with cerulenin and ethanol/hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) stress. The yeast underwent repeated UV exposure to achieve 60% lethality. The surviving cells were then screened on media with increasing concentrations of cerulenin (5–160 µmol/L) or ethanol/H₂O₂ (2–4% v/v, 1–2 mmol/L). Lipid-producing mutants were characterized for growth kinetics, lipid content, and fatty acid profiles. Among the 43 mutants obtained, the cerulenin-resistant strain CR15 exhibited superior performance, reaching 28.6% lipid content after 96 hours, an increase from 24.6% at 72 hours. At the same, the wild type and the oxidative-stress mutant (MT19) showed reduced lipid accumulation over time. The wild-type lipid content decreased from 22.86% at 72 hours to 18.53% at 96 hours, while lipid content from strain MT19 decreased from 24.64% at 72 hours to 20.09% at 96 hours. Gas chromatography analysis revealed that CR15 produced a diverse fatty acid profile with both even- (arachidonic acid (16%), eicosadienoic acid (5.88%), gondoic acid (18.70%), linoleic acid (26.63%), palmitoleic acid (11.89%) and odd-chain (margaric acid (14.46%)) fatty acids, suggesting mutations in fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzyme function. In contrast, MT19 primarily produced linoleic acid (45.75%) as an adaptive response to oxidative stress. These results indicate that UV mutagenesis coupled with cerulenin selection can effectively enhance lipid biosynthesis and alter fatty acid composition in Z. siamensis. The CR15 mutant represents a promising candidate for advancing sustainable microbial oil production. Further transcriptomic analysis is suggested to clarify the genetic basis of these metabolic changes.
In Silico Evaluation of Drug-Likeness, ADMET Profile, and Toxicity of Antimalarial Compounds from the Bark of Alstonia scholaris Mohammad Zakki Aqimul Haq; M. Raffi Fahriza; Gilang Taufan Insani; M. Fauzan Putra Rahmatullah; Seagames Waluyo; Anggi Tias Pratama; Nurul Bahiyah Abd Wahid; Poppy Rahmatika Primandiri; Agus Muji Santoso
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.53359

Abstract

Malaria remains a major global health problem, particularly in tropical countries, highlighting the need for new antimalarial agents with favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. This study aimed to evaluate the drug-likeness, ADMET properties, and toxicity of six bioactive compounds derived from Alstonia scholaris bark using an in silico approach.  Computational analyses were performed using SwissADME, pkCSM, AdmetSAR, and ProTox-3.0 to assess absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity parameters, as well as Lipinski’s Rule of Five. The results showed that four compounds met all Lipinski criteria, while two exhibited logP values greater than 5, suggesting potential limitations in lipophilicity. Predicted VDss values suggested moderate and variable systemic distribution, and none of the compounds were predicted to interact with CYP2D6. Toxicity analysis indicated generally low toxicity, with α-Amyrin classified as non-toxic (LD₅₀ = 70,000 mg/kg; toxicity class VI). Among the compounds, Spirost-8-en-11-one demonstrated the most favorable pharmacokinetic profile, with high gastrointestinal absorption and the highest total clearance. In conclusion, the evaluated compounds exhibit promising pharmacokinetic and safety profiles as potential antimalarial candidates. These findings provide preliminary computational evidence supporting further in vitro and in vivo validation to confirm their efficacy and safety.
Effect of PGRs and Immersion Time on the Growth of Green Jordan Fig Cuttings (Ficus carica L.) Liberty Chaidir; Alma Shera; Budy Frasetya Taufik Qurrohman
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.53999

Abstract

The Green Jordan variety of fig (Ficus carica L.) is widely propagated through stem cuttings in Indonesia. Selecting the appropriate plant growth regulator (PGR) and determining the optimal immersion time for cuttings is essential to enhance their growth. This research aimed to study the interaction and determine the most effective combination of PGR and immersion time. The research was conducted from March to August 2023 at the Horticulture Seed Center in Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency, West Java. The research used a completely randomized design with two factors: PGR (control, shallot extract, and NAA). The second factor was immersion time (15 minutes and 30 minutes). The results showed no interaction between PGR and immersion time on cutting growth. Independently, shallot extract PGR increased the number of shoots (47.4%) and leaves (212.5%, or 2 times) compared with water-only immersion, while NAA increased root volume by 22%. A 30-minute immersion time influenced shoot emergence time, shoot number, leaf number, and root volume. Shallot extracts, with a 30-minute immersion time, were the most effective treatment for enhancing the growth of Green Jordan fig cuttings.
Screening of Indigenous Trichoderma sp. for Remazol Red Decolorization and Phytotoxicity Assessment Juanita Hibatullah; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.54096

Abstract

The expansion of the batik industry has increased wastewater production, posing significant environmental challenges due to its complex organic composition and potential toxicity. Environmentally sustainable treatment strategies are required to mitigate the adverse impacts of batik effluents. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate indigenous fungal strains from batik wastewater environments in Surakarta for their ability to decolorize Remazol Red through enzymatic and biological processes. Fungal isolates were obtained from contaminated soil, sludge, and wastewater samples and screened for ligninolytic potential, followed by morphological characterization and enzyme activity assessment. The most effective isolate was further evaluated for decolorization efficiency under different dye concentrations and incubation periods, with concurrent analysis of fungal growth and changes in medium conditions during treatment. The environmental safety of the treated effluent was assessed using a plant-based phytotoxicity bioassay. The results indicated that Trichoderma sp. 1 exhibited the highest enzymatic performance, resulting in effective dye decolorization and reduced phytotoxicity compared to untreated effluent. The treated wastewater supported normal seed germination and early plant development, confirming successful detoxification. These findings suggest that locally sourced fungi represent a cost-effective and environmentally compatible solution for batik dye wastewater treatment and provide a scientific basis for developing fungal-based bioremediation strategies for textile effluent management.
Effects of Corn Cob Biochar and Plant Density on Zinc Uptake and Growth of Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) in Leachate-Contaminated Landfill Soil Muhammad Luthfi Fachrezi; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Yulita Nurchayati
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.54277

Abstract

Leachate contamination from landfill waste can increase zinc (Zn) concentrations in soil beyond permissible limits. This study evaluated the effects of corn cob biochar and plant density on Zn uptake and growth of vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) grown in leachate-contaminated landfill soil. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial scheme and three replications. The first factor was biochar application (without biochar and with biochar), and the second factor was plant density (1 plant and 3 plants per planting bag). The results showed that neither biochar nor plant density, nor their interaction, had a significant effect on soil Zn concentration, root bioconcentration factor (BCF), shoot BCF, and translocation factor (TF). Biochar treatment was associated with lower residual soil Zn concentrations (48.33 mg/kg), higher root bioconcentration factor (BCF) (1.21), and lower shoot BCF (0.78) and translocation factor (TF) (0.70) compared to the treatment without biochar. Similarly, higher plant density showed comparable trends, with lower residual soil Zn concentrations (47.92 mg/kg), higher root BCF (1.33), and lower shoot BCF (0.85) and TF (0.85) compared to lower plant density. However, biochar significantly increased root length, while higher plant density significantly increased shoot dry weight, root biomass, leaf number, and tiller number per planting bag, but decreased plant height per planting bag. Fresh shoot weight per planting bag did not differ significantly among treatments.  There was an interaction between biochar and low plant density that increased plant height. The absence of an unplanted control limits the interpretation of Zn reduction. Overall, biochar application and higher plant density were associated with improved growth performance of vetiver grass and may contribute to enhanced Zn uptake characteristics under leachate-contaminated conditions.
Comparative Efficacy of Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl, 2,4-D, and Penoxsulam on Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) Denny Kurniadie; Muhammadiyah; Milwan Fatya Cholis; Pauline Elisabeth
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.54412

Abstract

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) is one of the most problematic invasive aquatic weeds, causing severe ecological and economic damage in tropical regions. Herbicides are often considered the most efficient approach for managing aquatic weeds compared to mechanical or biological control methods. However, conventional herbicides such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) require high application rates and may pose environmental risks. Therefore, new herbicides with greater efficacy at lower doses and improved environmental safety are required. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of florpyrauxifen-benzyl, a novel auxin-mimicking herbicide, compared with 2,4-D and penoxsulam in suppressing the growth of E. crassipes. The experiment was conducted from April to June 2022 under greenhouse and open-field conditions using a randomized complete block design with ten treatments, each with three replications, namely Florpyrauxifen-benzyl (FB, 10 g a.i./ha), Penoxsulam (P, 12.5 g a.i./ha), and 2,4-D (400 g a.i./ha). The parameters observed included phytotoxicity symptoms, water loss, dry weight, and damage percentage. The results revealed that florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 15–20 g a.i./ha provided growth suppression comparable to 2,4-D at 600 g a.i./ha, while penoxsulam exhibited lower efficacy. In conclusion, florpyrauxifen-benzyl demonstrates strong potential as a low-dose, environmentally safer, and sustainable herbicide for the management of water hyacinth under tropical conditions in Indonesia, offering practical benefits in reducing chemical inputs for aquatic weed control programs
Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Rhizome-Based Kombucha Nur Kusmiyati; Elok Zubaidah; Elvira Aulia Rahma; Ihab Tewfik
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v11i1.54436

Abstract

Kombucha is a fermented beverage produced through the symbiotic activity of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts within a SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast). This study aimed to evaluate the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of kombucha produced from various rhizomes, namely turmeric (Curcuma longa), white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria), aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), with black tea kombucha used as a control. Fermentation was conducted for 12 days using black tea kombucha as the starter culture. The analyzed parameters included pH, total acidity, total sugar, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity determined using the DPPH radical scavenging method. Data were analyzed descriptively, and the best treatment was selected using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach with the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) technique. The results demonstrated that rhizome-based kombucha fermentation decreased in pH and total sugar content, accompanied by increases in total acidity, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Among the tested treatments, white turmeric kombucha exhibited the best overall performance, with a pH of 3.75, total sugar content of 3.11%, total phenolic content of 117.8 µg GAE/mL, and antioxidant activity of 72.97%. Nevertheless, the antioxidant activity of white turmeric kombucha remained lower than that of black tea kombucha as the control. These findings indicate that rhizomes, particularly white turmeric, have potential as alternative substrates for functional kombucha production, although further optimization is required to enhance their antioxidant capacity

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