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Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25497316     EISSN : 25497324     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications (cited as J. Phys.: Theor. Appl.) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal, which is published twice a year by Physics Department, Sebelas Maret University. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and other interested in theoretical and applied physics.
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Articles 64 Documents
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Profile of students' concept understanding in kinematics Handhika, Jeffry; Widiyaningrum, Saristi; Denata, Sukma Ayu Aprillia
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.79536

Abstract

This research aims to profile the understanding of physics concepts in kinematics material. Teachers need information on understanding physics concepts in designing their learning. The profile of understanding the concept of kinematics is revealed by administering a concept understanding test. The total number of tests for understanding the concept of kinematics is 30 items. The concept understanding profile is categorized into five indicators: (1) interpretation, (2) classifying, (3) inference, (4) comparing, and (5) explaining—the test applies to 49 students at SMA and MA in Madiun. Based on the profile description analysis results, it was obtained that students had a good percentage of the concept understanding indicator component (39.54%) and the smallest percentage of the interpretation indicator (17.60%). These results can be used as recommendations for facilitators and researchers in determining the learning model that will be applied and the concept of understanding the research topic that will be carried out.
Photoacoustic imaging of oil-treated tissues for the potential support of halal product identification Putut Giri Tulus Widodo; Mitrayana Mitrayana
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.108090

Abstract

Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI) has successfully demonstrated its capability as a non-destructive method for distinguishing biological tissues based on oil absorption characteristics. Chicken meat samples were soaked in coconut oil, sesame oil, and lard for 10 minutes, 60 minutes, and 24 hours. The PAI system employed a 532 nm green laser, condenser microphone, and a two-dimensional scanning stage to capture spatial images. Grayscale and pseudocolor images were analyzed to extract numerical features including mean intensity, standard deviation, and entropy. Results showed that tissues treated with lard consistently exhibited higher values of numerical feature, particularly after 24 hours, compared to samples with vegetable oils. These variations are linked to stronger optical absorption and increased structural complexity caused by oil infiltration. The study demonstrates that PAI can effectively detect oil-specific changes in tissue, suggesting its potential role in supporting halal product verification.
Microwave-assisted roasting time on Ilmenite Bangka Belitung extraction using hydrometallurgical method Mutakin, Ikbalul; Suryana, Risa; Septiani, Eka Lutfi; Arutanti, Osi; Widiyandari, Hendri
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.90259

Abstract

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) was extracted from Bangka Ilmenite through a hydrometallurgical process employing the microwave-assisted method using a 20% HCl solution. The highest crystallinity percentage in XRD result, reaching 75%, was achieved after a roasting duration of 25 minutes, with a corresponding crystallite size of  35.57 nm at the TiO2-Anatase phase's peak intensity of 25.24°. Analysis of the extracted ilmenite revealed alterations in its compound composition, notably an increase in TiO2 content. The most substantial increase in TiO2 content, rising to 69.7% from 33.76%, was observed after 25 minutes of roasting. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed an energy band gap of 2.329 eV.
Synthesis of bimetallic Ag-Cu nanoparticles using chemical reduction method as antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli Ceria Sitorus; Makmur Sirait; Rita Juliani; Motlan Motlan; Eva Marlina Ginting; Nurdin Siregar; Rafles Sinaga
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.104323

Abstract

Bimetallic nanoparticles offer enhanced antibacterial properties due to synergistic effects between different metal ions. In this study, Ag-Cu nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical reduction method with NaBH₄ as the reducing agent and PVP as a stabilizer. The resulting nanoparticles showed a greenish-black color and an average particle size of 308.8 nm with narrow distribution. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was tested using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The results showed a concentration-dependent increase in inhibition zones, with a maximum average of 7.8 mm. Although lower than the positive control, the findings confirm the potential of Ag-Cu nanoparticles as alternative antibacterial agents. Further optimization is recommended for biomedical applications.
Bound state solution of schrodinger equation with modified Hylleraas plus inversely quadratic potential using parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method Mohammed, Imrana Habibat; Yabagi, Jibrin Alhaji; Akusu, Patrick Ovie; Ubaidullah, Ahmad; Ladan, Muhammad Bello; Babakacha, Ndanusa
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.80582

Abstract

In this work, an approximate bound state solution to Schrodinger equation with modified Hylleraas plus inversely quadratic potential was obtained using the parametric form of the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. Applying the elegant approximation to deal with the centrifugal term for arbitrary orbital angular quantum number, the energy spectrum and the corresponding wave function was obtained.
Gamma passing rate evaluation for IMRT and VMAT techniques based on gantry angles Ummu Mar'atu Zahro; Fatimatuz Zahroh; Fiki Hurum Maqsuroh; Wahyu Edy Wibowo
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.109109

Abstract

Introduction: The accuracy of radiation dose delivery in advanced techniques such as Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is highly dependent on the consistency of gantry angle performance. This study aims to evaluate the effect of gantry angle variations on the gamma passing rate (GPR) in IMRT and VMAT treatment plans. Methods: IMRT and VMAT plans were created using the Monaco Treatment Planning System on a homogeneous slab phantom and delivered within a range of gantry angles, including 90°, 180°, 270°, and 360°. Measurements were performed using the 2D array PTW Octavius 1500 that delivered by Linac Elekta Synergy and analyzed with the Verisoft software, applying a 2%/2 mm gamma index with a 10% threshold and a 97% gamma passing rate criterion. Results: All plans achieved GPR above 97%. VMAT demonstrated higher GPR values than IMRT at gantry angles of 90°, 180°, 270°, with the largest difference of 0.8% observed at 270°. IMRT showed a slightly higher GRP value than VMAT at range gantry 360° with a difference of 0.1%.  Conclusion: The higher GPR value observed in VMAT indicates greater stability in relation to gantry angle variations. Although, IMRT performed slightly better at 360°, the difference was minimal. In general, gantry angle dependence was observed in both techniques, but the variation was not clinically significant.
The motion of spinor in the vicinity of spherical star and the magnetic field of non-homogeneous spherical bodies Minister, Samson Adigizi; Chifu, Ebenezer Ndikilar
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.81819

Abstract

In this article, we developed the spinors connections from Schwarzschild metric and make use of the spinor connections in geodesics in order to obtain the equation of spinor in the vicinity of spherical star. The gravitational scalar potential for non-homogeneous spherical body was use to developed the magnetic field of different regions of some non-homogenous spherical bodies.
Design of an X-ray plane prototype with Android-based absorption dose estimation calculation Ari Firmansyah; Afdhal Muttaqin
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i2.94800

Abstract

The development of an android-based radiation dose estimation system for X-ray plane, which incorporates tube voltage and tube current settings, is anticipated to reduce costs and minimize radiation doses.  This prototype employs an X-ray tube with a single tank low-frequency specification and a tube current capability at high tension transform (HTT) of 10 mA, an exposition time of 0.1 s, and variations in tube voltage generated by 45 kV, 50 kV, and 60 kV. The prototyping phase encompasses the design of the hardware components, including the x-ray tube generator, voltage divider circuit, power supply, and Arduino Nano, which serves as the data processing unit. The software design employs the Skript programming language for deployment on Android and ESP32 devices. This involves the initial installation of the Blink application on Android via the Play Store. The prototype underwent a series of tests, including hardware testing, reproducibility testing, and peak voltage testing. Irradiation time testing and dose in microGray with the amount of CV passing at 0.05 (0.016) were also conducted. Additionally, software testing was performed to assess the accuracy, reproducibility, linearity, and dose estimation capabilities of the tube voltage settings.
Evaluation of the physical, electrical, and magnetic properties of iron sand and its potential applications for advanced technology Sony Hidayat; Agus Yulianto
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.108101

Abstract

This study examines the physical, electrical, and magnetic properties of iron sand from Bayuran Beach to evaluate its potential as a functional material in advanced technology applications. Iron sand samples with particle sizes between 100 and 300 mesh were analyzed using the two-point method, LCR meter, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD results indicate that the samples are dominated by the magnetite phase (Fe₃O₄). The 150 mesh sample showed the highest resistivity of 3.38 × 10⁹ Ω·m and a maximum capacitance of 0.16 nF. The magnetic susceptibility value reached 3.34 × 10⁻⁴ m³/kg, with a magnetic mineral content of 79.80% and a density of 2.52 g/cm³. These findings indicate that Bayuran iron sand has strong potential as a soft magnetic material for inductor cores and magnetic field sensors, microwave absorbers for electromagnetic applications, and dielectric substrates in electronic systems. The capacitance variation between dry and wet conditions also indicates its potential as a humidity sensor. Furthermore, the presence of the Fe₃O₄ phase opens up opportunities for further development as an electrode material in supercapacitors or other energy storage devices through morphological engineering. Overall, this local iron sand is a promising candidate for development into a natural resource-based functional material.
Dose implications of X-ray beam alignment in some radiological facilities in Abuja, Nigeria Charles Unomieta; Samson D. Yusuf; Ibrahim Umar; Idris M. Mustapha
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i2.80581

Abstract

In this study, the percentage misalignment of X-ray beam and patient radiation dose of chest X-ray examination in radiographic X-ray equipment in some selected centres in Abuja were investigated. Beam alignment test was carried out in order to determine the working status and possible contribution to population radiation dose. The tools used were the beam alignment and collimator test tool Model 161A and Model 161B respectively. A total of four functional X-ray machines in four radio-diagnostic centres labelled in code for ethical reasons were recruited for the study. Results indicate that the beam alignment test conducted, 50% shows positive misalignment beyond the normal limit of 2% while 50% shows beam alignment within the normal limit. The percentage misalignment value ranged from 1.6% to 3.4% and 1.4% to 2.6% across and along the cassette respectively. Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) was calculated for patients undergoing chest X-ray examination in two selected diagnostic centres and was found 273.1 µGy and 491.6 µGy which appears to be lower and higher respectively to the recommended limit by international regulatory bodies. Increase in patients’ radiation dose is expected due to the beam misalignment in most of the diagnostic centre studied. It is therefore recommended that regulatory agencies should monitor compliance with quality assurance tests in all radio-diagnostic centres in Abuja.

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