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Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25497316     EISSN : 25497324     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications (cited as J. Phys.: Theor. Appl.) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal, which is published twice a year by Physics Department, Sebelas Maret University. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and other interested in theoretical and applied physics.
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Articles 64 Documents
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The nuclear matter test of variational effective interactions Isaiah Ochala; Joseph O. Fiase; Joshua T. Majekodunmi; Friday Egbunu
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.85147

Abstract

This paper presents the nuclear matter test of seven variational effective interactions derived on the basis of lowest order constrained variational approach (LOCV). Three of these effective interactions, derived from the matrix elements of the Reid93 potential and named N3Y-Fetal, N’3Y-Fetal and N∗3Y-Fetal based on nuclear systems A = 16, 40 and 90 respectively, are primarily studied and compared with the first set of four effective in- teractions, derived from the matrix elements of the Reid68, consisting of the B3Y-Fetal, B′3Y-Fetal, B∗3Y-Fetal and B†3Y-Fetal effective interactions based on nuclear systems A = 16, 24, 40 and 90 respectively. The results of this study have revealed that the binding energies EA0 = -8.6, -12.3 and -7.7 MeV of the cold symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) respectively produced by N3Y-Fetal, N′3Y-Fetal and N∗3Y-Fetal effective interactions at the saturation density, ρ0 = 0.17fm−3 clearly reflect their mass dependence, but do not satisy the saturation condition, EA0= -16.0±1 MeV, meaning they have failed to repro- duce the saturation properties of nuclear matter. Comparing these effective interactions with the B3Y-Fetal, B′3Y-Fetal, B∗3Y-Fetal and B†3Y-Fetal effective interactions with the binding energies, EA0 = -15.2, -14.5, -11.2 and -8.2 MeV respectively for SNM at the saturation density, the findings of this study have established the B3Y-Fetal, out of the seven variational effective interactions presented herein, as the most viable with the highest predictive power, followed by the B’3Y-Fetal effective interaction. Following this, a review of the performance of the B3Y-Fetal effective interaction in nuclear matter and nuclear reactions in its DDM3Yn, BDM3Yn and CDM3Yn density dependences, leading to the presentation of the new B3Y-Fetal-based CDM3Y-K parametrizations and the DDB3Y1-Fetal and BDB3Y1-Fetal curves of equation of state in this work, has so far shown it to be in excellent agreement with the M3Y-Reid and M3Y-Paris effective interactions. These findings indicate the possibility of its successful application in α-nucleus elastic scattering, nuclear fusion, α- and cluster-radioactive decay in future research efforts.
Optimizing high-order harmonic generation with two-color fields, polarization gating, and static electric fields Duke Onsure Nyangau; Kebwaro Jeremiah Monari; Rurimo Kihara; Njoroge Stephen Maina
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i1.99996

Abstract

The optimization of high order harmonic generation process under the combination of a plasmonic enhanced two color field with modulated polarization gating and a static electric field was investigated in this study. Through investigating the harmonic spectrum yields by numerical solution of the one-dimensional time dependent Schrödinger equation, it is shown that the inhomogeneity of the local fields, polarization angle, confinement of the electron movement through the use of two color and static electric fields plays an important role in the HHG process. It is further observed that when the three schemes are used together a high harmonic yield, broadened harmonic plateau and a significantly increased harmonic cutoff point up to 600th order are obtained confirming an improved harmonic conversion efficiency.
Thermal and nonthermal behaviors of electron–H2O in presence of laser field Harish Bohara; Saddam Husain Dhobi; Kishori Yadav; Santosh Kumar Das
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.108563

Abstract

Electron–water (H2O) molecule scattering under the influence of laser and thermal fields is a fundamental process in atomic and molecular physics, with significant implications for radiation chemistry, photonics, and quantum control. The interaction of electrons with H2O in the presence of an external laser field modifies the scattering dynamics by introducing additional energy and momentum channels, while thermal effects influence electron oscillations and resonance behavior. Understanding these combined effects is essential for accurately predicting differential cross-sections (DCS) and controlling scattering probabilities in experimental and applied settings, including laser-assisted spectroscopy, nanostructure interactions, and thermally tunable quantum devices. The aim of this work is to study the nature of electron-H2O in presence of laser and heat using scattering technique. For this we desing a theorical model which include thermal wave function, potential of water molecules, S-matrix, Besel function and Kroll-Watson approximation for DCS. The developed model was computed used temperature (293–300 K), scattering angles (0.057°–57°), momentum transfer (0.3–1 eV), distance separation (1–1.5 Å), field strength (0.3–5 a.u.), relative field strength (0.5–2.5 a.u.), electron conductivity (0.1–15 a.u.), polarization (linear, circular, elliptical), and Bessel function order. The computed result shows thermal effects enhance DCS compared to non-thermal conditions (0 K), with resonances observed at specific energies (0.25–1 eV). Higher scattering angles produce larger DCS, while lower angles generate sharper resonances with damping-like behavior. Elliptical polarization yields the highest DCS, followed by circular and linear. Distance separation and electron conductivity modulate constructive and destructive interference patterns, whereas higher-order Bessel functions stabilize DCS, indicating equilibrium between electrostatic interaction and particle rest energy. These findings suggest that controlled temperature and field parameters can manipulate scattering probability in thermal systems.
Object distance analysis using convolutional neural network (CNN) method based on stereo vision B. Hilda Nida Alistiqlal; I Wayan Sudiarta; Susi Rahayu
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i2.86069

Abstract

Blind or semi-blind people require additional devices or assistants such as a cane or a guide dog to navigate in their daily activities. In robotic or automation technology such as self-driving cars also require knowing objects in front of them accurately. The purpose of this paper is to study the use of stereo cameras as a distance measuring device and to determine the optimal camera configuration and its accuracy. The method used to determine distance is the convolutional neural network (CNN) method based on stereo vision. For training and validation data, we recorded images of a ball in random positions in front of the stereo cameras. This test uses two steps, the first is to recognise the camera object using the CNN method, then the second is to measure the stereovision-based object with an input image of 1350 image pairs. With 160 images used as CNN training data and the remaining 40 images as CNN validation data, the entire dataset is also taken to be used as training data for ball distance. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the model successfully predicted the image with 97% accuracy. The accuracy of the optimal distance measurement results at a distance between cameras of 11 cm is found to be 68.03% within a distance of 1 m, for a distance between cameras of 15 cm is found to be 94.63% within a distance of 2 m, and for a camera distance of 19 cm is found to be 99.61% for a distance of 3 m objects.
Analytical solutions of relativistic quantum harmonic oscillators Koffa Durojaiye Jude; O. Ogunjobi; I. Odesanya; E.O Enock; F. Ahmed-Ade; M.M Gwani; I.E Olorunleke
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.106236

Abstract

We present analytical solutions for relativistic quantum harmonic oscillators using a Hermite polynomial series approach. Our method yields closed-form energy eigenvalues and normalized eigenfunctions accurate to order , providing improved precision beyond existing first-order relativistic treatments. Through numerical validation, we demonstrate that relativistic corrections become substantial for systems where particle velocities approach appreciable fractions of the speed of light. The theoretical framework offers a foundation for investigating quantum phenomena in relativistic regimes with potential applications to high-energy physics and astrophysics.
Concentrations of the Terrestrial Radionuclides and Their Radiological Risk at Wadi Nugrus, South Eastern Desert, Egypt Abdel-Razek, Yassin A.; Bakhit, A. F.; Abdel-Wahab, M. M.; El-Anwar, N. I.
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.80571

Abstract

Fourteen samples were collected from a minor tributary at Wadi Nugrus, SED, Egypt. The average values of the activity concentrations of the terrestrial radionulclides U-238 and Th-232 in the studied samples were 325 and 277 (Bq/kg) much higher than the worldwide averages. The average value of K-40, 820 (Bq/kg), is comparable to the worldwide average concentration of this radionuclide. Four samples have safe values for the hazard indices Raeq, Hex and Hin. This represented a contradiction with values of the absorbed dose rate D which has a minimum value of 110 (nGy/h) exceeding the worldwide average of 60 (nGy/h). At the announced safe unity for both Hex and Hin, the total annual effective dose appears to have more than the value of 6 (mSv/y) which far exceeds the worldwide average effective dose rate of 1.5 (mSv/y). The effective dose approach established by UNSCEAR is reliable since the effective dose reacts directly with the dose limits recommended by the radiation protection regulations.
Radiological hazard assessment of natural radionuclides in soils of Udege Mbeki Mining Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria Osas, Eghaghe Stephen; Jude, Koffa Durojaiye; James, Eneye; James, Rabba Anthony; Vivian, Obaje Onechojo; Emmanuel, Echioda; Joseph, Aremu; Nafiu, Aliu Sadiq
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.84723

Abstract

Mining involves excavating soil with radioactive materials, which may enter the food chain and harm humans. This study evaluated the risks of exposure to ionizing radiation from radium-226, potassium-40, and thorium-232 in Udege Mbeki mining area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Twenty-one (21) soil samples were randomly collected in the mining site. The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the samples ranged from 12.7462-430.8147 Bq/kg, 38.4147-725.4748 Bq/kg, and 22.3092-395.5596 Bq/kg respectively. The estimated effective dose in the Udege mined site soil samples was 19.7538-330.3428 mSvy-1, with an average of 148.8091 mSvy-1 in the dump, 67.1197 mSvy-1 in the farmland, and 121.4909 in the surface soil. These values exceed ICRP's recommended reference level of 1mSvy-1 for public exposure and 20 mSvy-1 for workers. Thus, the mine is hazardous for both the public and workers. It is recommended that the implementation of a routine monitoring be implemented on the radiation levels in the mined tailings on a periodic basis, so as to keep track of the rise and fall in the radioactivity levels. This is necessary for a sensitization scheme to be put in place in order to educate the inhabitants of the area on the need for self-protection from the hazards of ionizing radiation as well as educating the workers on the necessity to follow the right procedure and use the necessary protective gears.
Prototype of an alcohol monitoring for raw water supply pumps control system Dhimas Widhy Surya Brata; Artono Dwijo Sutomo; Agus Supriyanto
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i1.100250

Abstract

Monitoring of alcohol waste that could potentially enter the raw water intake pump of the Semanggi Water Treatment Plant (WTP) on the Bengawan Solo river is still done manually, with officer watching near the pump for 12 hours per shift. A prototype alcohol monitoring system designed to make more efficient device than manual method that needs 34,7 s to turn off the pump and finding the optimal distance between the sensor and the water pump. The working principle is automate pump control, so the water pump can automatically turn off when alcohol is detected by the sensor and turn on again when no alcohol is detected. The reaction time to turn off the pump is calculated from the time the 2 ml alcohol container is placed under the sensor until the pump turns off, while the time to turn the pump back on is calculated from the time the pump turns off until the pump turns back on. The reaction time of turning off the pump and restarting the pump at 7% alcohol percentage is 1.80 s and 0.72 s, while at 24% alcohol percentage is 0.87 s and 1.90 s. The Bengawan Solo river velocity ranges from 0.04 m/s to 0.27 m/s. Thus, this device turn off water pump time is faster by 94,8% than manual method and the optimal distance between the sensor and the water pump is more than 0.28 m and less than 0.39 m.
Green composite Fe₃O₄/CaO (0.5 g) for biodiesel production with preliminary structural, functional and morphological characterization Sri Rahmawati; Sri Wahyuni; Fernando Putra Moestiono
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v9i2.108611

Abstract

The development of environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalysts is crucial to support sustainable biodiesel production. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly Fe₃O₄/CaO (0.5 g) composite synthesized from local iron sand of Tulungagung as the Fe₃O₄ source and waste eggshells as the CaO source for potential catalytic applications in biodiesel production. The synthesis was carried out through a simple method while maintaining sustainability aspects by utilizing natural resources and agricultural waste. The composite was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to identify the crystal structure, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate functional groups, and Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray Mapping (SEM–EDX Mapping). The results showed that the obtained composite consisted of two dominant phases, namely Fe₃O₄ as the magnetic phase and CaO as the active basic phase, with average crystallite sizes of 10.08 nm and 31.07 nm, respectively, indicating a high degree of crystallinity. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic Fe–O and Ca–O functional groups at the wavenumber range of 500–600 cm⁻¹, while SEM images revealed an agglomerated oval-spherical morphology with an average particle size of 57.36 ± 0.85 nm. EDX analysis further confirmed the presence of Fe, O, and Ca elements, with Ca distribution, though relatively small, remaining consistent as active basic sites. The combination of crystalline properties, nanometer-scale morphology, and elemental composition supports the role of Fe₃O₄/CaO as a heterogeneous catalyst that is not only easily separable by a magnetic field but also potentially enhances catalytic activity in transesterification reactions. Therefore, this material demonstrates strong prospects as an environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalyst derived from local resources to support sustainable biodiesel production.
In-situ measurement of outdoor absorbed dose rates at Itagumodi and Iperindo Gold Mining Sites in Osun State, Nigeria Kugbere Emumejaye; Solomon Akpore Uriri; Morohunfoluwa Adeola Adeola Olaoye; Amidu Olalekan Mustapha; Adewole Micheal Gbadebo
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i2.85188

Abstract

The extraction and usage of natural resources, such as gold, contribute to the variability of ambient radiation levels in the natural environment. The study involved measuring the absorbed dose rate at the Itagunmodi and Iperindo gold mining sites in Osun State, Nigeria, using the BlueGeiger-15 dosimeter. The recorded absorbed dose rate (DR) varied between 0.15 and 0.27 microgray per hour. The annual effective dosage (Deff) was assessed to be between 0.22 and 0.33 millisieverts per year for the Iperindo mine and between 0.18 and 0.27 millisieverts per year for the Itagunmodi mine. The mean values annual effective dose for Iperindo and Itagunmodi were 0.28 ± 0.05 and 0.21 ± 0.03 millisieverts per year, respectively. The study also calculated the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) for the Iperindo and Itagunmodi mines, with average values of 9.68 x 10-4 and 7.16 x 10-4, respectively. These values are above the global average of 2.9 x 10-4, suggesting that individuals and workers in the region may have an increased risk of developing cancer during their lifetime.

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