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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 459 Documents
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A cross-sectional study to assess the barriers to teleconsultations among doctors in Chennai Nagarathinam, Supraja; Umadevi, R.; Grace G, Angeline; Saravanan, Raghul
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.29.34

Abstract

Background: A doctor's communication and interpersonal skills encompass gathering information to facilitate accurate diagnosis, counsel appropriately, give therapeutic instructions, and establish caring relationships with patients. While face-to-face consultations have been the norm, tele-consultations and enrolment in telemedicine apps have become necessary. Tele-consultations have been on the rise significantly during the COVID-19 lockdown. This study aims to assess the barriers to tele-consultations among doctors in Chennai. Methodology: This study uses a cross-sectional design to assess the barriers to tele-consultations among doctors in Chennai using a convenience sampling technique. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results: 81.6% of the participants feel that teleconsultations have reduced face-to-face consultations. Only about 6% of the study participants preferred teleconsultation in the future. About a third of the doctors in the study could not treat/manage chronically ill patients through teleconsultations. About 70% of the doctors could follow up with their patients through telecommunication, but 70% failed to follow up. Conclusion: From this study, we conclude that only about 6% of the study participants would prefer teleconsultation in the future. Treating medical emergencies and assessment of surgical patients were considered as top 2 important barriers in this study with about half of them facing this barrier during their telecommunication.
Prevalence and awareness of text neck syndrome and text thumb syndrome in young adult population B, Senthil Kumar; Khaleeluddin, Kouser Banu; Jayakumar, Saikarthick; K, Ezhil Vendhan
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.22.28

Abstract

Background: The term "text neck" can be defined as repetitive strain injury and pain due to excessive viewing and texting on a smartphone for a prolonged duration. Long-term untreated text neck results in inflammation of ligaments and muscles, which can lead to permanent arthritic changes. Many smart phone users experience thumb/wrist pain, but some people who develop pain are smart phone addicts. The present study checks the prevalence and awareness of text neck and thumb text syndrome in young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 volunteers between 18-25 years age who have been using mobile phone in the last 5 years. A structured questionnaire was created, validated, and used for the study. Descriptive statistics was used to assess responses received from participants. The prevalence of text neck syndrome and thumb text syndrome has been established. Results: About 50.3% of the participants were unaware of text neck syndrome and 57.1% of text thumb syndrome. Maximum mobile phone usage included texting and calls. About 45.2% of the participants use their right thumb and index finger to text. 33% of people have a head forward posture when using mobile phones. An analysis of pain, discomfort, and duration during mobile phone use was done and will be presented at a forum. Conclusion: The prevalence of text neck and thumb text syndrome in the young adult population indicates the need to plan future pain management strategies and increase user awareness
Comparative study of bone mineral density, phenotypes of emphysema in patients with or without established diagnosis of chronic airway disease Reddy, M Chandra Sekhar; Sushmita, G Laxmi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.65.70

Abstract

Background: Bone thinning and emphysema are established diseases caused by tobacco-related products proven beyond doubt. A paucity of literature available to establish the association between them. Objectives: To explore the association between the different emphysema subtypes and the presence of low bone mineral density among a population of active or former smokers with and without an established diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: 100 active and former smokers with chronic airway disease attending the Pulmonology Outpatient Department were identified, and they were administered clinical questionnaires, pulmonary function tests, chest computed tomography, and DEXA scans. Appropriate statistical tests were performed to analyze the association between the different emphysema subtypes, low bone mineral density, and smoking in the study participants. Results: Out of 100 samples, 80 % of the patients had low BMD (25 had osteoporosis, and 55 had osteopenia). Emphysema was more frequent and severe in patients with osteoporosis (63.2 vs. 36.8%, p=<0.01). For analyzing significant co-factors, a multivariable analysis was done, which yielded Body Mass Index (Odds ratio of 0.89 with a 95% Confidence Interval of 0.67–1.23) and the presence of centrilobular emphysema as most commonly associated with osteoporosis. (Odds ratio of 35.25, with a 95% confidence interval of 3.23 to 401.63). Conclusion: Patients having increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and the presence of centrilobular emphysema are having osteoporosis irrespective of their smoking status, which implicates BMI, and centrilobular emphysema has to be considered while evaluating COPD patients.
Retrospective comparative evaluation of airway management with different techniques of fiberoptic intubation in patients undergoing surgery for temporomandibular joint ankylosis Kumar Saini, Varun; Saini, Priyanka; Soni, Priyanka; Khandelwal, Manish
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.25.41

Abstract

Background: Temporomandibular fusion has devastating effects on the growth and development of an individual's jaws. Thus, surgical modality is seen as a last resort to its correction. Surgical management of temporomandibular ankylosis cases presents significant challenges to an anesthetist in maintaining airway patency. Thus, this retrospective study evaluated the techniques for combating airway management challenges, emphasizing developing an institutional protocol that effectively minimizes errors. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the RUHS College of Dental Sciences and attached to the RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, for a period of three years. The records of 94 patients who had undergone surgical correction of TMJ ankylosis and were intubated with fiberoptic intubation were compiled. The cases were divided into groups, Group General anesthesia (GA) and Group Regional anesthesia (RA), and analyzed for demographics, successful intubation, and complications. Results: In Group GA, 98 % of cases were successfully intubated. Patient movements were 0 in Group GA and 25% in Group RA. Coughing was present in 1.61% of cases of group GA and 98.38% of Group RA. Epistaxis occurred in 35% of cases, and 29% of cases suffered from sore throat after extubation in Group GA. Conclusion: The anesthetist dilemma of intubating awake or anesthetized always exists. However, a careful preoperative evaluation and assessment of the patient for mask ventilation helps in the successful anesthetic management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis cases. For the anticipated difficult airway awake, fiberoptic intubation is still the ‘gold standard’ technique.
Assessment of psychosocial morbidity among medical interns during COVID-19 pandemic in Chennai district, Tamil Nadu – a cross-sectional study Surya, B. N.; Radhakrishnan, Akshaya; Vijayalakshmi S; Narayanan, A. Hari; Kumar, S. Madhush; Venkatesh, B. N.; Syed, Rehana
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.108.115

Abstract

Background: Medical interns develop apprehensions about the vulnerability of their exposure to infection while treating COVID-19 patients, which may further affect their work patterns and efficiency. Studies have shown that the outbreak of infectious diseases would result in mental health issues. Because of this, our study aims to assess psychosocial factors such as anxiety, depression, stress, relationships with peers, and changes in personal roles among medical interns at a private medical college. Methodology: This cross-sectional was conducted among 248 medical interns using a simple random sampling method. Depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using a standardized 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress questionnaire (DASS– 21). A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to acquire information regarding the study participants' socio-demographic data and social elements. Results: The overall prevalence of Depression [58%], Anxiety [70%], and Stress [44%] were found among the 248 study participants. Around [70.6%] of the study participants reported that their social life had been affected. The prevalence of various factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed. Conclusion: This study reports higher levels of psychosocial distress among the study participants. Adequate knowledge about the pandemic and stress management measures will be the top priority among these budding medicos during such unfavorable pandemic situations.
Safety study of carboxymethylated Basella alba mucilage: a subchronic oral toxicity evaluation in Wistar albino rats Chowdhury, Moumita; De, Pintu Kumar; Maji, Himangshu Sekhar; Das, Dibya
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.16.26

Abstract

Background: The evaluation of toxicity is of paramount importance in the screening of a new compound. Basella alba mucilage possesses a versatile excipient property that can be innovated with its chemical modification to get the functionalized mucilage. A few pharmacological activities of Basella alba mucilage have also been reported earlier, but its toxicity study in rats has yet to be discussed. Aim: The study aims to assess the in vivo toxicity of carboxymethylated Basella alba mucilage in Wistar albino rats for 28 days. Material and Methods: In the current investigation, Carboxymethylated Basella alba mucilage is taken, and its subchronic toxicity study is carried out in forty-eight healthy rats (twenty-four male rats and 24 female rats), divided into four groups containing six rats of each sex. All the biochemical and hematological parameters and histopathological investigation were estimated for all the animal groups. Result: The subchronic toxicity study reveals that the modified mucilage is safe for all doses (20mg/kg body weight, 40mg/kg body weight, 80 mg/kg body weight). The study showed no significant difference in the dose group's behavioral toxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity compared to the control. All the hematological and biochemical parameters lay in the normal range. The histopathological examination of treatment groups showed no abnormality or lesion in the tissue samples of internal organs. Conclusion: The study confirms the safety of Carboxymethylated Basella alba mucilage for use in pharmaceutical formulations.
Formulation and standardization of lohasava: an ayurvedic aasava formulation Man Tayde, Manisha A.; Ahire, Yogita G.; Mahale, Sunita N; Bhosale, Anuja P.; Patil, Sarika V.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.124.130

Abstract

Background: Plant solutions or decoctions are fermented with added sugar to create alcoholic remedies like arishta and aasava. Standardizing ayurvedic formulations is essential to assessing the quality of medicine. Objective: Standardisation of Lohasava, which contains iron as a metal and is used as hematinic, has been carried out in the current study. Methods: The standard ayurvedic procedure was used to prepare the aasava formulation. Modern scientific control processes have standardized the formulation for the final products. Organoleptic analysis, phytochemical assessment, and physicochemical characteristics such as pH, specific gravity, viscosity, acid values, total solid content, alcohol content, heavy metal content, and stability studies were used to standardize asava. Additionally, formulations were examined for the presence of pesticides. Using UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis, the iron content was determined. Animal studies were carried out to evaluate pharmacological activity. Results: Physical and chemical parameters were found within limits. The alcohol content of formulations was within limits and indicated good fermentation. Conclusion: The study's findings have revealed good formulation quality and provide a standard for aasava and ayurvedic formulations.
Prospective study on antibiotic prescription in South Indian pediatric population – a pediatrician’s and parent’s perspective Dinesh, K.; Rangasamy, K.; Sreenivasan, V.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.34.38

Abstract

Background: Soaring rates of antibiotic prescriptions to children have led to antibiotic resistance in the community. Thus, prescribing, dispensing, administering, and using medication needs special attention in the current scenario. Objectives: To study the pattern and rationality of antibiotic use in pediatric patients (1 month to 18 years of age) by using the patient records & prescription and to assess parents' awareness of treatment received and antibiotic awareness by using a questionnaire. Materials and Methods: It was a Prospective study performed at Pediatric OPD of Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital for 6 months wherein a total of 1200 paediatric OPD and IPD patients were included. The patient’s/caretaker’s adequacy of each parameter was given a Score of 1 and a Score of 0 for inadequacy. Based on these seven parameters, each patient was given a Score of a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 7. Results: The patients included Neonates (6%), infants (8%), children (56%) and adolescents (30%). Results showed that 58% of male patients were majorly affected than female pediatric individuals (42%). The use of antibiotics was observed only in 14 out of 1200 prescriptions. Among the antibiotics, cefotaxime was the most frequently prescribed medication. As per the sum of scores obtained by the patients, 492 (42%) of 1200 patients understood their drug use parameters moderately, followed by well-understood 408 (34%) and poorly understood 300 (24%). Conclusion: This study highlights the rational use of antibiotics among patients and healthcare professionals, thus paving the way to minimize antibiotic resistance.
Enhancement of curcumin's physicochemical properties by developing its eutectic mixtures Ahlawat, Sunita; Budhwar, Vikas; Choudhary, Manjusha
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.71.81

Abstract

Background: Curcumin is a compound obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma Longa. It has various pharmacological properties like anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, etc. However, it also has some limitations that restrict its use as a medicine. Material and method: In the present study, a eutectic mixture of curcumin and glycine (35% and 65%) was prepared to improve its dissolution rate and photostability, characterized by DSC, FTIR, and XRD studies. Result and discussion: After 40 minutes, the eutectic mixture dissolved 10-fold more than the parent drug. The photostability studies were conducted according to ICH Q1B guidelines; after the seventh day of accelerated photostability studies, curcumin-glycine eutectic mixtures showed 36% degradation, 34% less than pure curcumin. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the physicochemical properties of BCS class II drugs can be improved by forming an eutectic mixture.
Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and its associated neuropathy in patients taking long term metformin therapy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus Kumar, Suresh; Varadan, Sivaprakash; P, Viswanathan; Sekar, Vaishnavi; Singh, Tanisha; Singh, RB Sudagar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.39.43

Abstract

Background: Diabetic people on metformin are more likely to develop vitamin B12 deficiency. There has been little research into the duration of therapy and dose of metformin that causes B12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy. This study is being done to determine the same. Objective: To determine the association between vitamin B12 deficiency and its neuropathy to long-term metformin therapy in diabetic patients. Study design: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at SRIHER Chennai. Patients on long-term metformin were taken and separated into two groups: B12 Vitamin deficiency and normal Vitamin B12 levels. Results: B12 Vitamin deficiency was found in 15.72% of 159 patients on metformin. Only 2 of the 59 people on vitamin supplements in our study showed Vitamin B-12 deficiency, whereas 23 out of 100 people in the non-supplemented group had Vitamin B-12 deficiency. The difference (OR - 0.11; P 0.005) was statistically important. There was a statistically important difference observed between the prevalence of deficiency of vitamin B-12, Duration (>5 years), and dosage (>1 g/day) of Metformin use (p-value - <0.0001). Among the study group with neuropathy, the duration of metformin in the normal b12 group is 5.6 ±4.69 yrs. vs. 11±4.019 yrs. in b12 deficiency group (mean difference = 5.4; p <0.0004). Conclusion: The study found that metformin uses for a long time (> 5 years) and dose > 1g/day are linked to B12 Vitamin deficiency and neuropathy in diabetic patients.

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