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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 459 Documents
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Study of risk factors in myopic individuals among medical students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu Arumugam, Seshadhri; Balabaskaran, S.; Abhilash, B. A.; Sowmiya, K.; Baalann, Krishna Prasanth; Surya, B. N.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.4.10.14

Abstract

Background: The incidence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate. Investigating the causes of myopia gives us a better understanding of it. This gives us better odds of preventing the occurrence and retarding the condition's progression. The study used a method called stratified sampling to select 100 individuals who were near-sighted. They belonged to the age of 17-30 years old and pursued medicine in the district of Kanchipuram. The role of risk factors was assessed through a questionnaire. Result: The percentage of subjects with low, medium, and high myopia was 77, 18, and 5, respectively. The role of heredity, diet, academic performance, time spent doing near work, and outdoor work was indeed found to play significant roles in the development and progression of myopia. Conclusion: The incidence of myopia is constantly increasing, especially in Asian countries. To prevent myopia and its complications, we need to take significant steps to reduce the risk factors that can be changed.
Detection of the BK virus in post-transplant patients in a tertiary care hospital Choudhary, Vinita; Choudhary, Chetan; Saraswat, Pushpendra
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.64.69

Abstract

Background: Polyomaviruses are small (45 nm) non-enveloped circular double-stranded DNA and belong to the Polyomaviridae family, with Polyomavirus as the only genus. The polyomaviruses are omnipresent. The primary sites of BK virus appearance are the kidney tubular epithelial cells and urinary bladder surface transitional cells. To detect the BK virus in post-transplant patients by molecular methods. Materials and methods: Specimens of 88 patients were collected aseptically in Vials. Nucleic acid was extracted manually and processed in real-time PCR for identification of the BK virus. Result: This study analyzed 88 samples from suspected BK virus patients from January 2022 to January 2023.There were 88 samples tested, 24(27.27%) were positive and 64(72.72%) were negative. Conclusion: The prevalence pattern of BK virus presented in post-transplant patients 24(27.27%) were positive. BKV induces both difficult diagnosis and treatment; transplant recipients are recommended to be under strict surveillance and receive early intervention.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices on antibiotic use and its resistance among medical students in tertiary care teaching hospitals of Maharashtra Dudhe, Bhushan; Kamdi, Nikhil; Giradkar, Akhil; Astankar, Poonam; Mankar, Nishikant; Ghotkar, Ulhas
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.26.33

Abstract

Background: One of the issues concerning public health today is the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. The primary cause of this is the irrational use of these agents. To avoid antibiotic resistance, it is imperative to have correct knowledge of its rational use. This study was carried out among MBBS undergraduates who will work as healthcare providers in the future regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the usage of antibiotics and their resistance. Materials and Method: An online cross-sectional study conducted using Google Forms. A structured questionnaire was sent to medical students across Maharashtra. Data was acquired through responses to a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics. A one-way ANOVA test was applied to statistically compare students' knowledge levels based on their academic year. Results and Discussion: 344 students replied to Google Forms from eight medical institutes around Maharashtra. Regarding the usage of antibiotics, students' mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 6.03±1.46, 4.97±1.74, and 4.00±1.98, respectively. Of the total number of students, 234 (68.02%) had good knowledge, 134 (38.95%) had a good attitude, and only 43 (12.5%) had good practices for the usage of antibiotics. Students' knowledge levels varied significantly depending on the year they were studying. Conclusion: The present study indicates that medical students have a good degree of knowledge about antibiotic use and resistance. Improvement must be made regarding attitudes and practices.
Case study of thyroid dysfunction associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) Kaavya M; Nithin Palanisami P S; Thakur, Rashmi; Saru Sree Mu
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.4.35.40

Abstract

Background: In recent times, there's a noticeable rise in endocrine dysfunctions, with increasing clinical resemblance between PCOS and autoimmune thyroid disease. The exact cause of this association remains uncertain, but these conditions share a reciprocal relationship. While they exhibit common clinical features, risk factors, and pathophysiological abnormalities, the root causes differ. Polycystic ovaries can be a manifestation of hypothyroidism, making it necessary to rule out hypothyroidism before diagnosing PCOS. Common factors like increased adipose tissue, insulin resistance, high leptin, and abnormal autoimmunity play a vital role in linking these conditions. These shared signs and symptoms emphasize the association between PCOS and hypothyroidism, though the etiopathological basis of this complex relationship is not fully established. Methodology: Cross-Sectional study of 200 patients involved after history, examination. Statistical analysis by SPSS v.22. Result: In this study, we aimed to evaluate thyroid function in PCOS patients using serum TSH levels and estimate the prevalence of hypothyroidism. We also examined prolactin levels in diagnosed PCOS patients, considering criteria like age distribution, BMI, clinical manifestations, fertility status, and thyroid status. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PCOS is more prevalent in patients with thyroid disorders such as autoimmune thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism compared to the general population. Additionally, PCOS increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and dyslipidemia. Subclinical hypothyroidism with PCOS further elevates the risk of hypertension compared to euthyroid PCOS patients. The study reveals that thyroid dysfunction occurs in 29.0% of PCOS patients, emphasizing importance of screening for thyroid abnormalities in PCOS patients.
Comparison of smartphone based peek visual acuity with Snellen Visual Acuity Dulani, Nisha; Dulani, Harish; De, Tapas Kumar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.4.15.18

Abstract

Purpose: To test an alternative method of visual acuity assessment by comparing habitual and best-corrected visual acuity by Snellen and Peek (a visual acuity testing smartphone application). Methods: A prospective study comparing visual acuity using Snellen's and Peek's visual acuity charts (smartphone-based applications). 162 eyes were assessed in this hospital-based setting by a single observer. Patients with gross ocular pathology and visual acuity less than 6/60 were excluded from the study. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between best corrected visual acuity by Snellens and Peeks'. Snellen's mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.9902 (±0.075), and Peek acuity was 0.9875 (±0.080). Conclusion: The visual acuity assessment by Peek is comparable to that of Snellen's; hence, it can be used as an excellent alternative to Snellens' visual acuity testing.
Effectiveness and usage of written and verbal counselling information on anxiety in MRI at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai Kannapan, Harish; Subhashini; Lakshmi, Abhishri
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.16.21

Abstract

Background: Many people have considerable anxiety when having magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fear during an MRI causes the process to drag on longer and the quality of the images to decline, which increases expenses and requires labor loss. Objective: This study sought to determine how vocal and written information affected patients' anxiety during MRI procedures. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study with 300 participants was conducted. The investigation occurred in March and April of 2022 at the tertiary care hospital's radiology department. Three participant groups were formed: group 1 received textual material, group 2 served as the control group, and so on; and group 3 learned about counseling. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a measure of anxiety levels, was used to determine the people's traits and state of anxiety. Results: The three groups' trait anxiety scores did not significantly differ (p = 0.20) from each other's demographic features. Statistically speaking, group 3's state anxiety levels were lower than those of group 2 and the control group. Group 2's state anxiety levels were statistically lower (p<0.001) than those of the control group. Conclusion:Verbal and written information can help to lessen MRI anxiety. Written information may not be as good at lowering MRI anxiety as verbal information.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Materiovigilance among physicians in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry- a cross sectional study M, Sakthibalan; Adhimoolam, Mangaiarkkarasi; C, Indumathi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.10.15

Abstract

Background: In India, medical devices are considered as drugs. A medical device may lead to problems either due to a defect during manufacture or transport, improper handling by health care professionals or patients, or failure to comply with recommendations. Aim & Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Materiovigilance among health professionals at the Tertiary Care Hospital. Methods:  This was a Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Based study. The questionnaires were circulated among 100 medical professionals. The structured survey tool comprised of two parts. The first part contains demographic data, and the second part consists of 15 questions, with 5 each pertaining to the awareness, attitude, and practice domains. All the data were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using GraphPad Instat software version 5.0. Results:  Medical professionals with above-average knowledge scores were 57 %, and the practice percentage of Materiovigilance was 60%, but there is a positive attitude (72%) towards Materiovigilance.  A significant difference was noted Between the knowledge scores of professors and residents (p-value - 0.0491). There was no significant difference in knowledge scores between medical, surgical, and pre/para specialties. However, there was a positive correlation between the knowledge and attitude scores of the medical professionals. Conclusion: We conclude that the Knowledge aspect and also the practice of Materiovigilance among Physicians in our tertiary care hospital is lacking. However, their positive attitude to reporting adverse events is reassuring.
Prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and its SCCmec type among students at a private dental college hospital in Chennai Vinshia, Jebadass Jasmine; Padmavathy, Kesavaram; Sathyapriya, Baskaran; Sudha, Jimson
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.4.19.26

Abstract

Background: Since asymptomatic nasal carriage of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is on the rise among healthcare professionals (HCPs), their prompt detection and decolonization would substantially decrease disease transmission. The study's primary goal was to identify MRSA nasal carriers among dental students/CRIs and determine their SCCmec type and their susceptibility to mupirocin. Methods: Anterior nasal swabs from 102 healthy dental students/ CRIs were collected aseptically and subjected to standard microbiological testing. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the S. aureus isolates was determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and mecA-mediated oxacillin (methicillin) resistance was determined using the cefoxitin disc method. PCR analysis of MRSA isolates determined the presence of mecA and their SCCmec types. D test deduced inducible clindamycin resistance. Results: Of the 102 participants screened, only 8(7.8%) carried S. aureus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 5/8(62.5%) were MRSA isolates. Of which, only 2 MRSA isolates harbored mecA, and both belonged to the SCCmec type V. All S. aureus isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin, teicoplanin, and tigecycline when tested using agar screening method while 2/8 (25%) of the S. aureus isolates were D test positive and belonged to iMLSB phenotype. Conclusion: MRSA nasal carriers amongst HCWs/dental students are a cause of concern as they are a significant reservoir for transmission of MRSA among their co-workers as well as the community. Our results signify the need for screening for MRSA carriage and decolonization with mupirocin to substantially decrease the transmission of MRSA among dental students/patients.
Study on clinical profile of scabies and comparison of efficacy of topical agents in treatment of scabies R, Rajalakshmi; Selvaraj, Karthikeyan
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.59.63

Abstract

Background: Scabies is an intensely pruritic mite infestation. It is a significant health problem in developing countries and remains a major issue despite available treatment modalities. Methodology:  A prospective study was carried out over a year with 90 scabies patients at a tertiary care center after obtaining Ethical Clearance to study the clinical profile of scabies, compare the efficacy of various topical scabicidal agents, and evaluate improvement after treatment. After calculating the severity of pruritus and lesions, a detailed history was noted and randomly allotted to one of the treatment groups. Group A was treated with 1% GBHC lotion, Group B with 5% Permethrin cream, and Group C with 0.5% Ivermectin cream. Patients were advised to review in the second, third, and sixth weeks. Observation and results:  Patients with 16-25 years of age were most susceptible. 17 out of 90 patients had secondary bacterial infections, the most common associated cutaneous disease followed by dermatophytosis. Statistically significant reduction in pruritis severity in the drug C vs drug A trial (Z = -4.810, p = <0.001) and Drug C vs drug B trial (Z= -4.795, p= <0.001). Group C (Ivermectin) causes much better improvement in itching and lesions than Group A (GBHC) and Group B (Permethrin). Conclusion:  Among topicals, ivermectin can be preferred over permethrin and GBHC for treating scabies. Topical permethrin provides superior improvement when juxtaposed to GBHC and can be considered better than GBHC.
Potent antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula-based herbal soap formulation against propionibacterium acnes and its cytotoxic evaluation on human skin fibroblast cells Almukashir, Mukhtar; Shamsi, Shamsi Saad; Alfurjany, Salahaldin; Ali, Enas; Zidan, Heba
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.1.8

Abstract

Background: Recently, many approaches have been conducted in natural skin healthcare, with herbal remedies gaining prominence due to their perceived efficacy and fewer side effects. Herbal soaps, in particular, are noted for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making them appealing for acne-causing bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes, Terminalia chebula, a medicinal plant with a rich history of traditional medicinal properties, including antibacterial effects. However, limited information exists on its activity against acne-causing bacteria and its cytotoxicity on human skin cells. Methods: Our study demonstrated the anti-propionibacterium activity using a novel Terminalia chebula herbal soap formulation (TC-HSF), and to determine its cytotoxicity on Human skin fibroblast cells, Terminalia chebula aqueous extract was used to make herbal soap,  the antibacterial activity was performed against wild isolated propionibacterium acne strain using well-diffusion method, MIC and time-kill Kinetics, several concentrations were evaluated for cytotoxicity on Human skin fibroblast cell lines. Results Our findings indicate a potent activity of TC-HSF against P.acne at 0.18mg\ml with lower CFU\ml in tested intervals and high cell viability 98%, IC50 Value was 50mg\ml. Conclusion: Our study highlights the promising antibacterial efficacy of TC-HSF against Propionibacterium acnes and its cytotoxic effects on human skin fibroblast cells. The research adds valuable insights into the potential of TC-HSF for acne management and underscores the importance of dosage considerations in the formulation of herbal soap products.

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