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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
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Articles 459 Documents
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Clinical investigations to calculate nuchal translucency using F-LNET Chaudhari, Kalyani; Oza, Shruti
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.59.64

Abstract

Background: According to ongoing research, assessing nuchal translucency (NT) in ultrasound pictures can help to identify fetal development that deviates from the norm. The chance of chromosomal abnormalities in a newborn is predicted by the nuchal translucency (NT) width in ultrasound sonography pictures performed on the child between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation. Method: Deeply learned convolutional networks have recently significantly improved NT region detection performance. This paper discusses a novel approach to learning a cutting-edge NT Region identification algorithm. To address the difficulty of improving the accuracy of NT recognition in various lighting and posture conditions, a Framework Learning Network (F-LNET) is employed. Discussion: The limitations of the current NT estimating technique include findings that are unpredictable and intra-personal, inter-personal, and inter-variation restrictions. On the other hand, existing solutions have a high processing overhead and are, hence, unsuitable for rapid NT limiting and localization, which is critical for reliable recognition. However, current methods could be better for quick NT limiting and localization, which is essential for trustworthy identification schemes because of their significant processing overhead. The suggested automated clinical finding approach, which computes the error between human and automated measurements, is very beneficial to both doctors and society at large. Conclusion: The suggested way reduces the error to 0.42, whereas the error of other methods ranges from 0.8 to 1.1.
Preparation of herbal hair oil exploring the therapeutic benefits of herbs and its evaluation Dhiraj Baishya; Ananta Choudhury; Himangshu Deka; Nurjamal Hoque; Rosamund Jyrwa; Jahnabi Sarmah
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.116.127

Abstract

Background: Herbal cosmetics, particularly herbal hair oils, have gained popularity due to their perceived efficacy and minimal adverse effects. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate herbal hair oils for promoting hair growth. Methodology: Various herbal extracts, including Coconut, Curry leaves, Amla, Fenugreek, and Onion, were prepared and incorporated into virgin Coconut oil. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid content, organoleptic evaluation, chemical analysis (acid value, saponification value, specific gravity), stability studies, antioxidant assay (DPPH), antimicrobial assay, sensitivity studies, and in-vivo hair growth activity were conducted. Results: Organoleptic evaluation revealed characteristic odors and colors across formulations. Chemical analysis showed acceptable values for acid value (0.68 - 1.86 mg KOH/g), saponification value (117.87 - 224.27 mg KOH/g), and specific gravity (0.865 - 0.933 g/cm^3). Stability studies over 45 days demonstrated consistent physicochemical properties. The DPPH assay indicated dose-dependent antioxidant activity, with inhibition ranging from 13.8% to 66.5%. Antimicrobial assay showed inhibition zones ranging from 6 mm to 20 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Sensitivity studies exhibited no adverse reactions. In-vivo hair growth activity demonstrated significant improvements compared to controls. Discussion: The formulated herbal hair oils exhibited promising physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial efficacy, safety, and hair growth promotion in animal models. These findings suggest their potential as natural remedies for hair care. Conclusion: Herbal hair oils formulated in this study show significant potential for promoting hair growth and addressing hair-related concerns. Whereas, formulation F3 shown significant efficacy across multiple parameters among the formulations. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to validate their efficacy and safety for human use.
Cinnamomum impressinervium meisn.: antioxidant and antimicrobial activities Bhatia, Lovkesh; Sharma, Amit; Kalra, Rishu; Kumar, Varun
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.100.107

Abstract

Background: The Cinnamomum impressinervium (CI) Meisn. Tree, which belongs to the Lauraceae family and is endemic to India, is also called Assameses or Tejiya. Numerous pharmacological properties of this plant, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, have been demonstrated. Materials and method: This study examines the phytochemical profile of the leaf using qualitative and quantitative methods. Following the phytochemical analysis of the leaf, the antioxidant efficacy for scavenging free radicals (ABTS and DPPH) was measured. Using the agar well diffusion method, the antibacterial potential of the crude extract and its fractions (aqueous, methanolic, n-hexane, and chloroform) was investigated against six gram-negative, three gram-positive, and one fungal strain. Result and discussion: Antioxidant activities of various extracts viz: aqueous, hexane, chloroform, and ethanol were prepared and subjected to antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Through qualitative analysis, several alkaloids, steroids, and flavones were identified. In the DPPH and ABTS assays, the aqueous extract had the most potent antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 123.83±0.42 and 57.86±0.85 μg/mL, respectively. DNA nicking assay is a qualitative analysis that shows DNA protection from free radicals. All the extracts towards B. atropheous showed best inhibition activity but a maximum zone of inhibition was shown by aqueous extracts measuring 40 mm. Aqueous and methanolic extracts are completely inactive towards S. typhi. Conclusion: This study revealed the antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy of various extracts of Cinnamomum impressinervium Meisn. Leaves In this paper, the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts from Cinnamomum impressinervium Meisn. were studied. The evaluated extracts showed varied levels of inhibitory zones against every tested bacterium.
A single centre, real world experience of T-DM1 in the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients in India Vasini, Vindhya; Vamsy , Mohana; Dayal, Monal; Shinkar, Pawan
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.35.41

Abstract

Background: HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Receptor 2) positive breast cancer is an aggressive subtype. Treatment for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer has advanced significantly over time with the introduction of targeted therapies like trastuzumab, pertuzumab, lapatinib, trastuzumab emtansine, trastuzumab, deruxtecan, and tucatinib. In a lower-middle-income nation, accessibility is still problematic for any newer therapy. This study aimed to describe the safety and practical effectiveness of the first T-DM1 biosimilar in India for treating patients with HER2-positive mBC. Methodology: This is a retrospective, observational, single-center study of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer treated with T-DM1 biosimilar. The study involved 16 mBC patients. The primary goal was to assess T-DM1's effectiveness regarding PFS and ORR, with safety and OS as the secondary goals. Results: The ORR was observed to be 81.3%. One (6.29%) of the patients achieved CR, while 3 patients (18.8%) are on stable disease, and 12 patients (75 %) achieved PR. The major adverse events reported among study patients were thrombocytopenia (31.25%) and anemia (31.25%), followed by neutropenia, hyperglycemia, and fatigue in 12.5 % of cases. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia was seen in 2 patients, and grade 3-4 fatigue was observed in 1 patient. Median PFS was nearly six months, and OS data is available for only 25% of patients; the rest continue the therapy. Conclusion: This retrospective observational study offers significant information about the safety and efficacy of T-DM1 biosimilar in treating HER2 positive mBC.
Innovative and cost-effective SesZen-Bio™ with enriched Biotin and improved superior dissolution efficiency Gadani, Mihir; Badak, Sneha; Upadhyay, Ratna
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.446

Abstract

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies, including biotin, iron, zinc, and vitamin D, can lead to hair problems such as loss and thinning. This study explores the improvement of SesZen-BioTM, a natural biotin supplement derived from Sesbania grandiflora leaves, to give NI- SesZen-BioTM. Materials: The nature and structure of biotin in SesZen-BioTM were evaluated using C14 analysis and 1H NMR. Further, Sesbania grandiflora was subjected to an improved economic process to give NI-SesZen-BioTM. HPLTC-aided phytochemical profiling was performed for SesZen-BioTM, NI- SesZen-BioTM, and standard S. grandiflora leaf extract. The purity of d-biotin was quantified using HPLC. The dissolution profile of SesZen-BioTM and NI- SesZen-BioTM was tested to determine bioequivalence and compared versus synthetic biotin. Results: NMR and C14 analysis revealed that SesZen-BioTM contained 100% natural d-biotin. The yield for SesZen-BioTM and NI- SesZen-BioTM was found to be 17% and 18%, respectively, and both exhibited phytochemical profiles similar to standard extract. The release rate for SesZen-BioTM was similar till a dose of 500 mg and slowly decreased at higher concentrations (800-100mg). A 350 mg NI- SesZen-BioTM showed bioequivalence to 250 mg and 500 mg for SesZen-BioTM. Percent d-biotin content was 0.5% in SesZen-BioTM and 0.81% in NI- SesZen-BioTM. Conclusion: This new economically driven process yielded NI-SesZen-BioTM, with similar yield, higher biotin (100%natural) content, and similar dissolution profile but at a reduced dosage as compared to SesZen-BioTM and surpassed synthetic biotin with its sustained release format. Thus, NI- SesZen-BioTM is a promising solution for individuals seeking natural supplements for maintaining hair and skin heath.
Assessment of hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of Vitis vinifera leaf extract on carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity in rats Kumar, Ashok; Pragi; Sharma, Amit; Kumar, Varun
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.82.92

Abstract

Background: Vitis vinifera is known for its antimicrobial activity; however, the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extracts of aerial parts has also been reported, but the nephroprotective and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extracts have not yet been evaluated. Objective: To evaluate Vitis vinifera's hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities against CCl4-induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Two doses of ethanolic extract of Vitis vinifera (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) were evaluated and compared with silymarin 100 mg/kg. Biochemical blood parameters like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), bilirubin, urea, uric acid, total protein and creatinine, and histopathologic changes of liver and kidney were studied and evaluated. Results: Vitis vinifera reduced the elevated blood levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, and creatinine, with the ethanol extract to 200 mg/kg/day being more effective. The histopathologic evaluation suggested that Vitis vinifera decreased hepatic and renal necrosis induced by CCl4. The more significant dose resulted in reductions in AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, and bilirubin of 54, 27, 56, 36, and 17%, respectively. Ethanolic extract 200 mg/kg/day also shows a reduction in elevated levels of Creatinine, Urea, Uric Acid, and Total Protein by 61%, 58%, 29%, and 9%, respectively. Conclusion: Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of ethanol extract of Vitis vinifera were demonstrated, with ethanol extract to 200 mg/kg/day being the most effective. This presents scientific evidence for using medicinal plants such as Vitis vinifera in managing liver and kidney disorders.
Formulation, development, and characterization of loratadine emulgel Sharaff, Chandana Setty; Renukuntla, Pranay; Peddapalli, Himabindu; Kuchukuntla, Mounika; Bakshi, Vasudha; Jadi, Rajendra Kumar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.42.50

Abstract

Background: This study was to develop loratadine (LTD) emulgels to treat localized skin allergy. Method: Initially oil-in-water emulsion was prepared by 3 different types of surfactants & finally gelling agent carbopol 940 was incorporated into emulsion to produce emulgel (i.e., standard conventional method). Results: The developed formulations were characterized using various parameters including particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficacy (EE), pH, extrusion efficacy, physical stability, in-vitro drug release studies, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PS, EE, PDI, ZP and In-vitro studies ranges between 186.25 ± 6.42 mm (LE-F4) to 395.24 ± 8.64 mm (LE-F1), 62.38 ± 0.36 % (LE-F2) to 76.48 ± 0.69 % (LE-F4), 0.276 ± 0.02 (LE-F4) to 0.652 ± 0.02 (LE-F1), 16.45 ± 2.13 mV (LE-F1) to 29.46 ± 2.78 mV (LE-F3) and 21.90 ± 0.3 % (LE-F1) to 68.30±0.9 % (LE-F4) respectively. Conclusion: Based on all physicochemical properties, LE-F4 formulation was considered to be optimized with minimum PS (186.25±6.42 nm), PDI (0.276±0.02), satisfactory positive surface charge (23.15 ± 1.89 mV) and maximum EE (76.48±0.69 %). FTIR studies were confirmed that there is no physical interaction between drug and excipients and SEM studies revealed that vesicle size was spherical with smooth texture. A significantly greater rate of drug release (i.e., 68.30 ± 0.90%) was seen in the LTD emulgels that were made with cationic surfactant (i.e., LE-F4) and found to be good spreadability and extrudability.
LC-MS/MS characterization of stress degradation products of Gilteritinib and establishment of HPLC method for analysis of process related impurities of Gilteritinib Katta, Srinivasa Rao; Ramachandra Rao, Immani; Punitha, P; Siva prasad, Thota
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.109.123

Abstract

Background: The current investigation entails the characterization of seven degradation products (DPs) formed in different stress conditions of gilteritinib employing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Methodology: This study developed a stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for precisely determining gilteritinib in the presence of its process-related impurities in bulk drug and formulation samples. To explore the stability profile of gilteritinib, it was exposed to forced degradation experiments conducted under various conditions, including acidic, basic, oxidative, photolytic, and thermal stress. These experiments revealed the degradation of gilteritinib under basic, acidic, and photolytic conditions, forming seven distinct DPs. Result: The chromatographic resolution of gilteritinib and its impurities along with DPs was effectively achieved using a Waters Symmetry C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using equal volumes of solvent A and B (pH 4.5 phosphate buffer and acetonitrile in 25:75 (v/v) as solvent A, acetonitrile and methanol in 75: 25 (v/v) as solvent B) pumped isocratically at 0.7 mL/min and 230 nm wavelength. The method produces an accurate fit calibration curve in 25-175 μg/mL for gilteritinib and LOQ (0.025 μg/mL) – 0.175 μg/mL for its impurities with acceptable precision, accuracy, and recovery. Conclusion: The efficacy of this method was validated through LC-MS/MS, which allowed for the verification of the chemical structures of newly generated degradation products of gilteritinib. Hence, this method is appropriate for the resolution and evaluation of process-related impurities of gilteritinib and can also be applied for evaluating stress degradation products.
Stability indicating RP-HPLC method for estimation of cariprazine hydrochloride in human plasma Shelke, Mohini; Godge, Rahul; Sahane, Tejas; Pawar, Onkar; Kasar, Sujata
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.27.34

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study is to create and validate the easy, dependable, accurate, sensitive, and selective RP-HPLC method for estimating Cariprazine HCl in human plasma. Methodology: The sample was prepared using the protein precipitation extraction method. The chromatographic separation was performed with an AGILENT C18 column (250mm x 4.6ID) as the stationary phase and a mobile phase consisting of a 75:25 v/v solution of Methanol and 0.1% Orthophosphoric acid at a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min. The DAD detector was used to carry out the detection at 253 nm. Cariprazine HCl had a reduced retention duration of 2.46 minutes. Results & Discussion: The calibration curve had a correlation coefficient of 0.998 and was linear over the concentration range of 1–5µg/ml. The method's accuracy was shown at levels between 80%, 100%, and 120% of the specification limit. The developed method exhibited excellent precision, with interday precision ranging from 0.07% to 1.77% and intraday precision from 0.03% to 0.26%. It was discovered that the recovery of Cariprazine HCl was within the 98% range. Cariprazine HCl was discovered to have a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 0.053µg/ml, and the Limit of Quantification was found to be 0.160µg/ml. Conclusion: The solution was injected in duplicate, and the % RSD was measured. The results indicate that the proposed method can be effectively utilized for the routine analysis of Cariprazine HCl in human plasma. The forced degradation studies indicate that the drug is susceptible to Hydrolytic and Photolytic degradation
Development and validation of a QbD-based RP-HPLC method for vericiguat quantification Mandhare, Shubham; Godge, Rahul; Vikhe, Akshay; Talole, Shubham
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.57.67

Abstract

Aim: An RP-HPLC method for Vericiguat using the QbD approach was developed and validated by ICH guidelines. Method: The ICH (Q2R1) guidelines have been followed in the development and validation of an RP-HPLC technique by considering several validation parameters like linearity, precision, LOD, LOQ, and accuracy. The study was performed on Agilent Tech using the C18 column (4.6x250 mm; 5 µm) and Chemstation 10.1 software with statistical data analysis, and the detector used was UV (DAD). Results: The mobile phase used for separation was Methanol: 0.1% OPA in the ratio of (76:24) at room temperature, the flow rate was 0.8ml/min, and the wavelength was 331nm. The results indicated that the quantification limit was 0.7209 µg/ml, and the detection limit was 0.2379 µg/ml. Conclusion: The validation studies confirmed that the developed method is fast, accurate, precise, cost-effective, selective, and useful for routine analysis of vericiguat in tablet dosage forms.

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