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R 108 Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. dr. Soeparno Utara No 60, Grendeng, Purwokerto Utara 53123 phone (0281) 638792 email: redaksijap@gmail.com - animalproduction@unsoed.ac.id
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Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 14112027     EISSN : 25415875     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.10
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary
Animal Production is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in association with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia. The journal was established in 1999 and available online since May 4, 2011. Animal Production was initially published twice a year, then three times a year starting in 2005. The journal coverage focused on small scale livestock farming and technologies which includes the recent science development in animal production, including all aspects of nutrition, breeding, reproduction, post-harvest processing and socio-economics. All articles are available online. Full text available in pdf format and can be downloaded for free. Starting Vol 22 No 1 the papers have been and will be published in our new website (http://animalproduction.id), as the continuation of our previous but still active website (http://animalproduction.net).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January" : 12 Documents clear
Effect of Administration of Lignocellulose-Degrading Fungi Isolated from Herbivore’s Gastrointestinal Tract for Fiber Degradation Wahyudi, A; Cahyanto, MN; Soejono, M; Bachruddin, Z
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Isolation and selection of lignocellulose-degrading fungi from compartment of herbivore’s gastrointestinal tract were predicted found fungi that have superiority to degrade lignin, xylan, and cellulose. Lignocellulose-degrading fungi were isolated from compartment of buffalo’s and horse’s gastrointestinal tract and  also elephant dung with malt extract agar, using cellulose, xylan, and tannic acid as selective substrate. Morphological and biochemical test had been done to get superior isolates. This study showed that lignocellulose-degrading fungi could be found in all sample of buffalo’s and horse’s gastrointestinal tract and also elephant dung. The highest number of lignin, xylan and cellulose-degrading isolates respectively were found from buffalo’s cecum (5 isolates), buffalo’s colon (19 isolates), and buffalo’s colon (326 isolates). The highest isolates activity of lignolytic, xylanolytic, and cellulolytic respectively were reached from horse’s cecum (2.38), horses cecum (6.67), and buffalo’s colon (5.60). Meanwhile the highest enzymes activities were reached from horse’s cecum (0.166 Unit/g protein), horse’s cecum (5.037 Unit/g protein) and buffalo’s colon (2.488 Unit/g protein). From this study could be concluded that lignocellulose-degrading fungi could be found from all compartment of herbivore’s gastrointestinal tract. Based on quantitative and qualitative selection, lignolytic from horse’s cecum, xylanolytic from horse’s cecum and cellulolytic from buffalo’s colon were superior isolates and predicted as Aspergillus sp genus. Administratiton of Aspergilillus sp inoculum into rumen fluid medium elevated significantly dry matter, organic matter,  crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber digestibility as 4.55%; 4.45%; 6.69%; 11.65% and 8.23% respectively. (Animal Production 12(1): 21-28 (2010)Key Words : lignocellulose-degrading fungi, herbivore’s gastrointestinal tract, fiber degradation.
The Food Safety of Livestock Products (Meatball, Corned Beef, Beef Burger and Sausage) Studied from Heavy Metal Residues Contamination Harlia, E; Balia, RL
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The aims of animal husbandry improvements are to increase both the quality and the quantity of livestock production and to ensure the safety of the product. It is necessarry for  consumers  to pay attention to the food safety of livestock product because it is related to humans health.  The research was conducted to determine the food safety of livestock product condition by detecting heavy metal residues on several food products from livestock like meatball, corned beef, burger’s beef, and sausages. This  research  was explored by using surveys method and purposive technique sampling, then the resulted data were descriptively analyzed. The observed variables were heavy metal contents such as Plumbum (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in which being measured by using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometri ). The result showed that in general, heavy metal residue of Pb from several livestock products (meatball, corned beef, beef burger, and sausages) were smaller than Maximum Residue Limit (MRL), while the Cd’s residue was partly over the MRL concentration, therefore further action has to be taken as it affects the humans health. (Animal Production 12(1): 50-54 (2010) Key words :  food safety,  MRL, heavy metal Pb, Cd.
Evaluation the Usage of Treated Shrimp Waste as Protein Source in Broiler Diet Septinova, D; Kurtini, T; Tantalo, S
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The objective of the research was to know the best method of processed-shrimp wastes on protein consumption and retention.  Experiment was designed using completely randomized design with five treatments of ration and four replications. Treatments were  basal ration  with added by 5% shrimp waste.  Treatments were D0 (basal diet  +  non treated shrimp waste), D1 (basal diet  + shrimp waste hydrolyzed by 3% NaOH), D2 (basal diet + shrimp waste hydrolyzed by 6% NaOH), D3 (basal diet + shrimp waste hydrolyzed by 5% H2O2), and D4 (basal diet  + shrimp waste fermented by Aspergillus niger). The total number of treated chicken was 20 broiler of MB 202 strain.  To compare the effect of treatments, data was analyzed using  least square difference.  Results showed that the treated shrimp waste had potential to use as protein source in broiler diet and the best consumption and retention protein was found in hydrolysis shrimp waste by 3% NaOH and 5% H2O.  (Animal Production 12(1): 1-5 (2010)Key Words:  shrimp waste, protein consumption, protein retention, broiler, Aspergillus niger
Physical Characteristic and Palatability of Market Vegetable Waste Wafer for Sheep Retnani, Y; Syananta, FP; Herawati, L; Widiarti, W; Saenab, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Vegetable waste is a part of vegetables or vegetables that are discarded. This vegetable market wastes are perishable, voluminous (bulky) and the availability was fluctuated so the processing technology is needed to make this vegetable waste become durable, easy to be stored and could be given to the animal. To solve this problem, vegetable waste could be formed into a wafer. The objective of this experiment was to determine the physical characteristic and palatability of vegetable market waste after formed into a wafer. The experimental design used in this research was Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments were the composition of raw materials used: 100% corn husk  (R1); 75% corn husk  +25% mungbean waste (R2); 50% corn husk  + 25% mungbean waste + 25% cauliflower leaf  (R3); 25%  corn husk +50% mungbean waste + 25% cauliflower leaf  (R4); 25% corn husk  + 25% mungbean waste  +50%  cauliflower leaf (R5).  Variables measured were water activity, water absorption, density and palatability. The results of this research indicated that treatments significantly affected water activity (P<0.08) and wafer palatability (P<0.05). The highly significant difference in water absorption and wafer density (P<0.01) were found among treatments. Based on physical characteristic, R1 had the highest water absorption.  R5 had the lowest water activity, whereas R3 had the highest wafer density. Wafer of R4 was the most palatable for the experimental sheep compare to other treatments. (Animal Production 12(1): 29-33 (2010)Key Words : physical characteristic,  palatability, wafer and vegetable waste
Functional Characteristics of Spent Duck Meat for Use in Emulsion-Type Meat Products Sumarmono, J; Wasito, S
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Spent ducks produce nutritive meat; however the meat possesses undesirable characteristics such as strong odor and tough.  Hence, appropriate yet simple processing technologies need to be developed in order to maximize the use of duck meat. The experiment was conducted to evaluate functional characteristics of spent duck meat as raw material for the production of emulsion-type meat products, such as nugget and sausage. Chilled carcasses of 96 spent ducks were deboned manually, then mixed thoroughly and ground using a 5 mm diameter grinding plate.  The ground meat was divided into 4 batches (group) of treatments; one batch was treated with iced tap water (M1), one batch with 0.1% NaCl solution (M2), one batch with 0.5% NaHCO3 solution (M3), and one batch was left as is as control (M4). Variables measured were water holding capacity (WHC), pH, emulsion capacity and stability of the meat; and firmness and tenderness of the meat gel. Results showed that M1 meat has significantly higher WHC (less percentage of free water) than control (M4), whereas M2 and M3 meat has similar WHC to control. Processing caused the ground duck meat to have significantly higher pH than control. The highest meat pH was observed in M3, followed by  M2, M1 and control. Processing duck meat with iced tap water, NaCl or NaHCO3 produced significantly more tender meat gel compared to untreated meat (as is). Tenderness of meat gel of M3 was the most tender followed by M2 and M1. Similar results for meat gel firmness were observed. No significant differences were observed in term of emulsion capacity (expressed as ml oil/gr protein and ml oil/gr fresh meat), emulsion stability (expressed as ml oil and total liquid released per 100 gr emulsion), and cooking recovery (%). The study reported in this paper offers simple processing technologies to improve functional characteristics of spent duck meat to be use as raw material for the production of emulsion type meat products. (Animal Production 12(1): 55-59 (2010)Key Words: spent duck meat, processing, functional characteristics, emulsion type meat product
Different Levels of Digestible Methionine on Performance of Broiler Starter Mulyantini, NGA; Ulrikus, RL; Bryden, WL; Li, X
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Dietary protein and amino acid supply is the most expensive component of poultry diets. Therefore several efforts made by the industry to minimize the cost of the protein portion of the diet. Accordingly, there has been a recent move to use digestible amino acid values in the formulation of poultry diets. The efficiency of protein utilization depends to a large extent on the amino acid composition of the diet. The study was conducted to determine the digestible methionine requirement of broilers during the starter periods. One hundred and seventy five (175) chicks were allocated to 5 treatments with five replicates of seven chicks per replicate in a completely randomized design. Chicks were fed experimental diets from one day old to 21 days of age. Dietary treatments included 5 titrated levels each of digestible methionine (3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 g/kg diet) added to a basal diet. The allowance of digestible methionine, rather than digestible sulphur amino acids was used in formulating the diets.  Supplemental synthetic DL-Methionine which were considered to be 100% digestible were added to diets to obtain the concentration of the digestible amino acid. Each week until the conclusion of the trial, birds were individually weighed, feed intake per pen was measured, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was computed. This study suggested that the digestible methionine requirement for broiler starter is 4.7 g/kg for optimal body weight gain and 4.6 g/kg for optimal feed conversion ratio.  (Animal Production 12(1): 6-11 (2010)Key Words: amino acid, broiler, digestible, methionine, starter
Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Maleo Egg in Bogani Nani Wartabone Park Saerang, JLP; Manalu, W; Soesanto, IRH; Mardiastuti, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the size (weight, length, and width) of Maleo egg in Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park.Physical characteristics that measure are : egg weight, egg shell, egg index , yolk, and albumen. Physical characteristics measured were: egg weight, egg shell thickness, egg index, yolk, and albumen. Two fresh eggs were weighed to the electric ohause balance with 400 g the scale 0.01. Two fresh egg were weighed with an electric balance. Length and width off egg were measured by used vernier caliper, egg shell thickness by  tripod micrometer, yolk color by yolk color fan. Length and width of egg used were measured by Vernier caliper, and egg shell thickness by a tripod micrometer, yolk color by yolk color fan. Physical characteristic have been identified eggs weight, egg width, egg length, egg index, albumen width, albumen length, albumen index, yolk width, yolk length, yolk index, weight albumen, weight yolk, egg shell thickness, and shell weight increased by 223.70 g, 104.00 mm, 56.68 mm, 56.41, 113.8 mm, 86.72 mm, 6.07%,  85.30 mm, 69.90 mm, 31.54%, 47.51 g, 110.80 g, 0.02 inch, 19.55 g, respectively. The result of analysis indicated that maleo eggs have completed amino acids and fatty acids, that is essensial amino acids, non essensial amino acids, saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. Physical characteristic egg that comprised of egg weight, egg width, egg length, egg index, albumen width, albumen length, albumen index, yolk width, yolk length, yolk index, albumen weight, yolk weight, egg shell thickness, and shell weight were 223.70 g, 104.00 mm, 56.68 mm, 56.41, 113.8 mm, 86.72 mm, 6,07%, 85.30 mm, 69.90 mm, 31.54%, 47.51 g, 110.80 g, 0:02-inch, 19:55 g, respectively. Maleo egg contained complete amino acids and fatty acids, including essential amino acids, non essential amino acids, saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. (Animal Production 12(1): 34-38 (2010)Key Words: Maleo bird, maleo egg, physical characteristics, chemical characteristics
Preliminary Study on Keratinase from Two Indonesian Isolates Rahayu, S; Syah, D; Suhartono, MT
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Keratinases (E.C.3.4.99.11) constitute a group of enzymes capable of disrupting the highly stable keratin structure consisting of disulphide, hydrogen, and hydrophobic bonds in the form of α-helices and β-sheets B. licheniformis MB-2 and Bacillus sp. MTS are two feather-degrading bacteria isolated from Tompaso crater at North Sulawesi and sulfuric land around Tangkuban Perahu in West Java. They were both capable of breaking down whole chicken feathers. In addition both isolates were capable of degrading other proteinous substrates rich in beta structure such as coccon, silk, human hair and fish scales. Result of fermentation experiment implied that addition of nitrogen sources (0.02% yeast extract and 0.02% tryptone) to the basal medium increased keratinase production. Our experiments showed that keratinase production of Bacillus sp. MTS was higher and faster than that from B. licheniformis MB-2. Maximum extracellular keratinase activity of the enzyme derived from B. licheniformis was obtained during stationary phase at 72 h, while Bacillus sp. MTS  was reached at 48 h. Disulfide reductase activity also detected in the extracellular fluid of Bacillus sp. MTS.  The maximum condition for extracellular keratinase activity was 55oC and the enzyme showed  two maximum pHs :  pH 8.0 and pH 10. The zymogram analysis indicated sixth protein bands  of  17, 25, 32, 53, 96 and 122 kD which were able to hydrolyze gelatin substrate in-situ. (Animal Production 12(1): 60-68 (2010)Key Words : Bacillus, feather, keratinase, disulfide reductase
The Effect of Adding Sodium-Potassium and Calcium-Magnesium to The Diet of Native Chicken Hen on Sex Ratio of Native Chicks Saleh, DM; Iriyanti, N
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Thirtysix native hens were used to determine the effect of adding Sodium-Potassium and Calcium-Magnesium to the diet of Native Chicken hens on determination of native chick sexes. Fifteen hens (n=5; control, Na-K and Ca-Mg) were fed for 1 month and the other hens (n=6, for control, Na-K and Ca-Mg) were fed for two months, then  all hens were artificially inseminated, intra-vaginally, dose of 100 million perm cell per 0.1 ml, once a week for two weeks. On day 2 of insemination, all eggs were collected and evaluated daily for 14 days.  Every 5 days, the selected eggs were incubated for 7 days and followed by candling to assess fertility.  On day 21-22 of incubation, day old chicks were evaluated using vent sexing method to assess the sex ratio. Type of nutrition, fed at both for 1 month and two months had a similar results in fertility, hatchability and chick sex ratio:  62.79, 58.03, 59.52;  52.02, 50.93, 55.54 and 46.11, 51.89, 46.67 percent, respectively.  Feeding period of three type of diet value for fertility, hatchability and sex ratio is 59.19, 61.04; 53.61, 52.05, and 48.24, 47.86, respectively.  Our results suggest that different amount of ions in the diet of hens could not have a significant effect on the percent fertility, hatchability and sex ratio of chicks. (Animal Production 12(1): 12-15 (2010)Key Words : Na-K, Ca-Mg, fertility, hatchability, sex ratio, chicks
Performance of Oxfendazole in Nematode-Infected Post-Weaning Lamb on Pasture Hastuti, S; Samsi, M
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 1 (2010): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of drug anthelmintic intensity oxfendazole against gastrointestinal nematode worm infections in weaned lambs. Experiments conducted on 18 lambs weaned off, randomly divided into 3 groups namely P0: grazed sheep, untreated as controls, P1: grazed sheep treated with oxfendazole, and P2: un-grazed sheep, not treated with oxfendazole. The total worm eggs per gram (TEG) in the feces until 9 weeks before treatment 9 with no significant differences (P<0.05) and up to week 12 was not significantly different (P>0.05), means that the grazing treatment oxofendale treatment have real impact on the intensity of infection at week 9 post-treatment. This is related to the maturing of young worms and the intensity of infection depends on the influence of time outside the body of sheep. Of total plasma protein (TPP) and packed cell volume (PCV) until week 12 showed that antibiotic treatment measures and grazing is very real effect (P<0.01), between the treatment group P1 with different P0 is very real (P<0,01), between P2 with different P0 very real (P<0.01) and between P1 and P2 is not significantly different (P>0.05). Means treatment with oxfendazole helminthic very real effect on total plasma protein and packed cell volume in both the shepherd and the sheep who did not shepherd. (Animal Production 12(1): 39-43 (2010)Key Words: oxfendazole, grazing and gastrointestinale nematod

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